禽流感英文介绍课件

1、AviAn influenzAAviAn influenzAAvian influenzaknowninformallyasavian fluorbird flurefersto“influenzacausedbyvirusesadaptedtobirds.Theversionwiththegreatestconcernishighly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI).“Birdflu”isaphrasesimilarto“swine flu,”“dogflu,”“horse flu,”or“human flu”inthatitreferstoanillnes

2、scausedbyanyofmanydifferentstrainsofinfluenzavirusesthathaveadaptedtoaspecifichost.Allknownvirusesthatcauseinfluenzainbirdsbelongtothespeciesinfluenza A virus.Allsubtypes(butnotallstrainsofallsubtypes)ofinfluenzaAvirusareadaptedtobirds,whichiswhyformanypurposesavianfluvirusistheinfluenzaAvirus.(Note

3、,however,thattheAdoesnotstandforavian). HAHA：Hemagglutinin 红细胞凝集素红细胞凝集素NANA：NeuraminidaseNeuraminidase 神经氨酸酶神经氨酸酶M2M2：离子通道蛋白：离子通道蛋白 NPNP：核蛋白：核蛋白 禽流感英文介绍5HAreferstoasubstancethatcausesredbloodcellstoagglutinate（凝集）.NAcatalyzethehydrolysis（水解）ofterminalsialicacid（唾液酸）residuesfromthenewlyformedvirionsa

4、ndfromthehostcellreceptors. At present 16 HA subtypes have been recognised（H1-H16）and nine NA subtypes（N1-N9）。Each virus has one HA and one NA antigen，apparently in any combination。all influenza A subtypes in the majority of possible combinations have been isolated from avian species。to date only vi

5、ruses of H5 and H7 subtype have been shown to cause HPAI in susceptible，but not all H5 and H7 viruses are virulent。 禽流感英文介绍7If you suspect you may have come into contact with the influenza A virus, look for the following:FevercoughMuscle achesSore Throat（咽喉痛）Eye infectionsPneumonia（肺炎）Severe respira

6、tory diseases（严重的呼吸道疾病）禽流感英文介绍8How to Prevent Getting the Avian Flu1。Avoidplacesthatbirdsfrequent.Birdbaths,birdfeeders,roofsandtreesarecommonplaceswherebirdsleavedroppingsorsaliva.Youmayinadvertentlyinfectyourselfwithavianflubytouchingtheseobjectsandthentouchingyourmouth.Avoiddirectcontactwithwildb

7、irds,asthereisnowaytotellifthesebirdsareinfectedwithavianflu.禽流感英文介绍92Washyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughly.Washyourhandsinhotwaterwithsoapforatleast30seconds.Payspecialattentiontotheareaunderyourfingernails,anddontneglectyourforearms.Thismethodofhandwashinggetsthevirusoffyourskin.3Wearasurgicalmaski

8、fyouaregoingtothehospitaloranotherplacewheretherehavebeenconfirmedavianfludiagnoses.Thispreventsyoufrominhalingthevirusintheair.禽流感英文介绍104Ifyouplantotravel,checkforavianfluoutbreaksinyourdestinationbeforeyougo.TheWorldAnimalHealthInterfaceDatabasetracksavianfluoutbreaksgloballyandmaintainsanaccuratemap.TheWAHIDmapalsoshowsifanoutbreakisongoingorresolvedandifitoccurredinthewildordomestically.5Avoidantibioticsoaps.Theydo