虚拟语气最新版本

1、.虚拟语气虚拟语气Outlook 俱乐部.4 陈述语气陈述语气陈述事实或提出看法陈述事实或提出看法,有肯定有肯定,否定否定,疑问或感叹等疑问或感叹等形式形式4 I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back home yet.4 祈祈使语气使语气4 请求请求,邀请邀请, 命令命令,警告或劝告等警告或劝告等Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.一一. . 语气的分类语气的分类.虚拟语气虚拟语气 虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用是一种特殊的动词

2、形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等( (在在条件条件从句中从句中或或让步让步状语从句中状语从句中) )；一是表示说话人的愿；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等望、要求、命令、建议等 ( (在宾语从句、在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句) )。虚拟语气的概念. 一、非真实条件句（一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气等）中的虚拟语气 时态一致时态一致 2. 混合条件句混合条件句 3. 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句 4. 倒装句倒装句 5. If only 感叹感叹

3、二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式wish、as if/though、would rather、Its time Its necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从从句句.虚拟语气虚拟语气一、在条件从句中一、在条件从句中 (叫虚拟条件句叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况的条件。分三种情况(以以 do 为例为例)：虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在条件从句中在条件从句中表示与事实情况表示与事

4、实情况相反相反条件从句的谓语形式条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在情况表示现在情况过去式过去式(did)(be常用常用 were)Would / could / might / should (用于第用于第1人称人称) +动词动词原形原形(do)表示过去情况表示过去情况过去完成式过去完成式(had +done)Would / could / might / should +have done表示将来情况表示将来情况过去式过去式 (did)/(were)should + do were to doWould / could / might / should + do.1.If

5、 I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.（与现在事实相反）（与过去事实相反）.5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think

6、we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.(与将来事实相反)2、错综时间的虚拟句、错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动

7、词形式.1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现从句指现在在, 主句指过去主句指过去)。2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去从句指过去,主句指现在主句指现在)。3. If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years, things wouldnt be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。（从句指过去，主句指现在）。4.

8、 If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。（从句指过去，主句指现在）。5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主（从句指现在，主句指将来）句指将来） 3、含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示。这些介词常是：but for, wit

9、hout, otherwise等。如： But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 如果不是听了你的建议，我就不会做的如此成功。The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.没有开放的政策，就不会有如此大的变化。I was so busy then, Otherwise, I would have told him the answer.我当时很忙，否则，我就会把答案告诉他的。.虚拟语气虚拟语气4、省略、省略 if 的条件从句

10、的条件从句当从句中有当从句中有 were, had 或或 should 时，时，可省略可省略if ，而把它们放在句首。而把它们放在句首。 If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow, If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment If you had come a few minutes earlier, you

11、would have met him.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在条件从句中在条件从句中Had you come a few.5 . If only 要是就好了要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed

12、the train!.a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your

13、position at this time, I _ (ask) for teachers help .were notcould bewerewould ask.If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had .a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had b

14、eenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have gone.3. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三个建议：三个建议：a

15、dvise, suggest, propose五个要求：五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词原动词原形，或者将形，或者将shouldshould省略。省略。.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested th

16、at Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.虚拟语气在：虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中在宾语从句中 注意注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气各有两意思，要用不同的语气 表表“坚决要求坚决要求”,虚拟虚拟, should + do; 表表“坚称坚称,坚持说坚持说”,陈述语气陈

17、述语气,表事实。表事实。 表表“建议建议”，虚拟，虚拟, should + do; 表表“表明、暗示表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。，用陈述语气。The teacher suggested that we _ more after class. （我们课后多练习）（我们课后多练习） The look on her face suggested that she _happyHe insisted that all of us _there on time by any means. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）（我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）He insisted that he _ the wa

18、llet(没有偷没有偷钱包钱包).insistsuggest(should) practisewasshould bedidnt steal. 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 即：(should)V. order, advice, suggestion, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, proposal, demand, request, desiredesire.Its suggested that the plan be carried

19、out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.二：虚拟语气特殊句型： wish 的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird.（现在）（现在） I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（过去）（过去） We wish our pare

20、nts wouldnt punish us. （将（将来）来）as if, as though 引起的从句，其用法同 wish 构成的宾语从句一样As if/though和wish用法相同.He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remembered the whole thing as if it had happen

21、ed yesterday.2. would rather (that)现在：现在：过去：过去：将来：将来：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时.3.Its (about/high) time +(that)should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its hig

22、h time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. (Should不可省略不可省略).4. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse t

23、o come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.虚拟语气虚拟语气Alan _ the party if he had gone to London.Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed C. would miss D. missed2.It was the drug2.It was the

24、drug，not the diseasenot the disease，that killed that killed the boy.the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.drug.A.not take B. hadnt takenA.not take B. hadnt takenC. didnt takeD. shouldnt have takenC. didnt takeD. shouldnt have takenExercise

25、s.虚拟语气虚拟语气3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.)3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen C. should listen D. would listen4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house.4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A.

26、sell B. sold A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell C. shall sell D. would sell5. I wish this bus _ to the university.5. I wish this bus _ to the university.A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneA. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone.虚拟语气虚拟语气6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱吃得

27、饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been8. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent.虚拟语气虚拟语气9. Have

28、 you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had10. I dont think it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go11. 11. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken.虚拟语气虚拟语

29、气 12.(2003上海春季高考题上海春季高考题)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice. A.followedB.would follow C.had followed D.should follow 13.(2002上海高考题上海高考题)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt

30、 have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall 14.She insisted that she _ ill of him behind him，but he didnt believe it. A.hadnt spoken B.shouldnt speak C.wouldnt speak D.not speak.三种基本形式 If I had a bike, I would lend it to you.(if从句用过去时, 主句用should/ would/ could/ might+不定式) If he had bee

31、n here, he would have helped you.(从句过去完成时, 主句should /would/ could/ might +不定式完成时) If I should/were to do the experiment, I would do it some other way. (从句用should/ were to, 主句用should/would /could /might+不定式).if的省略 1. Were you in my position, you would do the same. 2. Had he come earlier ,he would hav

32、e seen her. 3. Should they attack us, we would wipe them out completely.If only If only you would listen to reason. If only I were ten years younger. IF only he didnt drive so fast. If only he had asked someones advice. If I could only go to the concert. If I could only/but/just explain.I wish I wis

33、h I knew the answer. I wish I had known the address. I wish I were young. I wish you would stop asking silly questions. I wished I knew his address.(发生在过去=I was sorry I didnt know his address.) I wished I were young.(=I was sorry I was not young.).Would rather I would rather you told her the truth.

34、Id rather you came tomorrow. Id rather (that) he painted it blue. I would (just)as soon that John had not spoken rudely to me.It is (high) time that. It is time we_(leave). It is time we _(go)to bed. Its high time that you were in bed. Its about time we left.Its important that. It is important that we _ (speak) politely. It is imperative that we_ (practice) criticism and self-criticism strange, advisable, anxious, crucial, appropriate compulsory, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(绝对必要的), impossible, improper, nat