高中英语Unit4SharingSectionⅢGrammar——限制性定语从句教案(含解析)新人教版选修7

1、Section m Gramma限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句1. I know you're dying to hear all about my life here , so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.2. The boys who had never come across anything like thisbefore started jumpingout of the windows.3. Wewalked for two and

2、a half hours to get there first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.4. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.后自主感悟1 .所有例句中黑体部分都是限制性定语从句。2 .例句1中黑体部分包括两个定语从句：which引导的定语从句修饰表物

3、的先行词somephotos ,在从句中作主语;I talk about是省略了关系代词 that/which（ 在从句中作宾语）的定语从句，修饰表物的先行词the places 。3 .例句2中黑体部分为 who引导的定语从句修夕表人的先行词The boys , who在从句中作主语。4 .例句3中黑体部分为from where引导的定语从句修饰表物的先行词a ridge 。5 .例句4中黑体部分为省略了关系代词that（在从句中作宾语）的定语从句，修饰表物的先行词 The only possessions 。语法精要点拨一、定语从句的相关概念1 .定语从句在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词

4、或代词的从句叫定语从句。2 .先行词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3 .关系词引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that , which , who，, whom whose,as等）和关系副词（when , where , why等）两类。关系词通常有三个作用：（1）连接定语从句；（2）指代先行词；（3）在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。4 .限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切，它所修饰的先行词代表一个（些）或一类特指的人或物，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，如果去掉，则意思含混不清。She is the girl that you want to kn

5、ow .（限制性定语从句 ）她是你想认识的女孩。He seems not to have grasped what I meant , which greatly upsets me .（ 非限制性 定语从句）他似乎没理解我的意思，这使我很心烦。即时训练1用适当的关系词填空The exact year which/that Angela and her family spent together in China was2017.The little girl that/whom/who I spoke to just now is my sister.、关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句

6、中充当的成分who人主语、宾语、表语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语、表语that人或物主语、宾语、表语as人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语The old man （who/whom/that ） we visited yesterday is a famous artist.我们昨天拜访的那位老人是位著名的艺术家。Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing.王小姐正在照顾一个父母去了北京的小孩。This is the textbook （that /which ） he is

7、looking for.这就是他正在找的课本。名师点津定语从句中的主谓一致当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意以下几点：先行词是“ one of +复数名词”结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如有 the very , the only , the first , the last , the right 等修 饰one时，谓语动词用单数。This is one of the most interesting questionsthat have been asked.这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。She is the o

8、nly one of the girls who studieshard.她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。即时训练2用适当的关系词填空I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. We'll reach the sales targets in a month which/that we set at the beginning of the year.三、使用关系代词的注意事项1 . who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。如果whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提前只能用w

9、homThis is the pilot ( who/whom) I bought a camera for. = This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.这个就是我给他买照相机的飞行员。2 . whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的、某物的”之意。 whose表示物时，whose+名，BJ= the +名词+ of which 。Please pass me the book whose cover ( = the cover of which ) is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3 .指物

10、时用that而不用which的情况(1)当先行词为 all , everything , nothing , anything , something , none, few, little , much等不定代词时。All (that ) the graduate lacks is practice.那位毕业生缺少的只是实践。(2)当先行词被 very , both , the only , all等修饰时。This is the only coat that I have.这是我拥有的唯一的外套。(3)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰或序数词修饰时。This is the most attra

11、ctive match that I have watched.这是我所看过的比赛中最吸引人的一场。(4)当并列的两个先行词(分别表示人和物时)被同一个从句修饰时，关系代词用that oShe took photos of people and things (that ) she was interested in.她给她所感兴趣的人和物拍照。(5)主句是以who, which , what开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句一般用that引导，不用 who 或 which 。Whowas the person that helped the girl out?帮助那个女孩摆脱困境的是谁？(6)当关

12、系代词在从句中作表语时，常用 that。Your disease is not the case that it used to be.你的病已经不是过去的情况了。4 .用as引导限制性定语从句的情况(1)such + 名词+ as."像一样的”Do you have such books as we like?你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？(2)the same +名词+ as."和同样”It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。(3)as +形容词+名词+ as. “像一样的”S

13、he will marry as wealthy a man as she can find.她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。5 .用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的情况有时从句中的介词可以提前到关系代词之前，形成“介词+关系代词”结构，关系代词可以用which , whose, whom不可以用that。其选择依据如下：(1)根据定语从句中动词或形容词等的习惯搭配。I bought a great many books on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。(2)依据与先行词的搭配。This is the

14、camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(3)根据所表达的意义。This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。即时训练3用适当的关系词填空 Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.In our class there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses. She is such

15、a nice girl as we all_like.四、关系副词的基本用法关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词，并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换 成“介词+关系代词”的结构。关系副词被代替的先行词在从句中的作用when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why表示原因的名词（只用 reason）原因状语We don't know the exact time when ( = at which ) the English Evening will be held.我

16、们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。(时间状语)Beijing is the place where ( = in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。(地点状语)Is this the reason why ( = for which ) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？(原因状语)名师点津先行词是time的情况当先行词是time时，若time表示“次数”，应用 that引导定语从句，并且 that可以 省略；若time表示"一段时间"讲，应用 when或“at/during + which"引导定语从句。

17、This is the second time ( that ) the president has visited the country.这是这位总统第二次访问这个国家。This is a time when/during which there were no radios , no telephones or no TV sets.这是在一个没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视的时代。即时训练4用适当的关系词填空The next day , my brother and I went to the beach where we watched some peopleplay volleyb

18、all. I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.We don't know the reason why they didn't keep their promise.五、使用关系副词的注意事项1 .当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which ,或省略不用。We admire the way (that/in which ) he solved the problem.我们

19、敬佩他解决这一问题的方式。2 .表示抽象地点的名词 (case , scene , situation , condition , life , point 等)作先行 词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词 where引导定语从句。There are cases where ( = in which ) the word “mighty" is use d as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty 一词可用作副词。3 . occasion , period等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词wheruThere are occasions when ( =

20、 on which ) one must yield.任何人者B有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)即时训练5用适当的关系词填空 Today we'll discuss some cases where parents have difficulty in communicating with their kids.The way that he looks at problems is wrong.(3)Describe an occasion when you had to give a presentation to an audience.语法应用®弟实iwjBTSMII

21、.单句语法填空1. That is the girl to whom you talked just now.2. Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate?3. Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.4. The main school holidays are from Mid-December till early Februarywhen

22、 thedays are long and warm.5. It is the first American film that I've ever seen.6. Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.7. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which/that allows them to communicate freely with each other.8. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.9. Do you know the reason why he was so sorry?10. The English play in which my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.n.用限制性定语从句合并