状语从句的讲解的状语从句讲解

1、状语从句的讲解就是用一句话作状语分为：时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较一、时间状语从句第一次见到你一见到你我就喜欢上了你直到见到你五岁时见到你When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as nosooner than scarcely when- - hardly when- - the minutethe secondthe instant the moment by the time截止 immediately instantlydirectlyeach time every time next

2、 time the first time on doing sthwhenwhile当时as1. when 1 ）当一时/延续性动词短暂性动词都可用2）这时/3）届时、到时I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang 这时When I was five years old I could speak five languagesThe wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected toarrive 届时到时注意：时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完

3、成时When my mother came back I had already gone to bed.2. while 1）从句动词延续性2 ）同时发生3 ）对比的意味“然而”4 ）趁着He taught himself while he worked in a bank延续性动词当他在银行上班时While we were working they were having a rest.对比While they were having a discussion , they got very confused.同时I want the girls to experience that wh

4、ile they are young趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下对比：I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee3.As 1）当时2) 一边.一边3)随着As the children walked along the street, they sang happily.当孩子们He sang as he danced 一边 一边You will grow wiser as you grow older 随着4.before 1 ）在前2)前加一段时间直到才一3) 还没来得及4） 要过时间才I ' ll be back before you

5、 leaveIt may be many years before we meet again可能要过很多年我们才能见面The students rushed outside before I could finished my word还没等我讲完It will be three weeks before he finished his workIt won ' t be long before he finished his work.用不了多久5.afterAfter my friend got married, she went to live in America6.sinc

6、e 自从 主句一般为现在完成时We ve never met since we graduated from the collegeGreat changes have taken place since you left7 .till/untill肯定句中可互换 直到一为止否定句中只用 not - until直至U才Not until放句首句子部分倒装（倒装主句）Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD courseDonald won ' t leave college until he finishe

7、d his PhD courseI won ' t go with you until I finished my homeworkNot until my mother came back did I go to bed8 .as soon asI gave the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke.看见冒烟就发出警报He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid9 .the minuteThe secondThe instant 瞬间片刻 立即的立刻的 素食的The momentThe minute w

8、e got home, the telephone rang10 . no sooner than Scarcelywhen-Hardlywhen-I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they criedThe fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried注意：他们提前句子部分倒装No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.Hardly

9、had I got home when it began to rainScarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried11 .名词引导的时间状语从句The first time I saw you I mistook you for a film starNext time I see you I will tell you the truthEvery time/each time I see this picture I think of my hometown.12 . On+ doing一就On arriving ho

10、me, he discovered they had gone一至 U家发现他们已经走了她刚走开我就想起了她的13.immediately instantly directlyImmediately she had gone, I remembered her name.名字14.by the time 1)从句是一般现在时 主句用将来完成时2)从句是一般过去时主句用过去完成时By the time you receive this letter, I will have left this cityI shall have finished it by the time you come b

11、ack你回来以前我就做完了By the time I got there, the bus had already left.注意：as soon as after before常与过去完成时连用After I had finished my homework I went to sleepBefore I went to sleep I had finished my homeworkAs soon as I had finished my homework I went ot sleep.但是 如果不强调时间的先后都可以用一般过去时After I finished my homework

12、I went to sleep/二、地点状语从句一、Where在 地方wherever无论哪里anywhere任何地方 everywhere到处1 .whereYou should put the book where you found itWe must camp where we can find waterYou had better make a mark where you have any questions.2 .whereverwherever there is smoke, there is fireplease put the cup wherever that is c

13、onvinient3.anywhereYou can put it anywhere you likeI can ' t stay anywhere there are a lot of people4.everywhereEverywhere I go, I find the same thing.去到的每一处都看到同样的情况I have searched everywhere there is a clue二、与定语从句的区别1 .定语从句中where是关系副词在从句中充当状语前面有表示地点的名词状语从句中 where是从属连词引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词整个句子做状语前面无先行词

14、Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often.Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often.Go back where you came fromGo back to the place where you came2 .where引导的状从可放在句首与句末都可而where引导的定语从句只放在句末三、练习1 .he advised me to live the air is fresherA. in where B.in whi

15、ch C. the place where D. where2. in peace too, the Red Cross is expected to send help there isD.whereverhuman sufferingA. whoever B.however C. whatever3. if you are travelling the customs are really foreign to you own. pleasedo as the Romans doA. in which B. what C. when D. where三、原因状语从句Because sinc

16、e for as now that in that because of既然鉴于 inas much as既然鉴于 in so far as鉴于 考虑至U considering that seeing that given thatFor the reason that由于原因due to the fact that由于事实 owingto the fact that1 .because 1 ）语气最强常放句末2 ）回答why的问句3 ） 强调句I missed the train because I got up late.He is disappointed because he fai

17、led againBecause he failed again so he is disappointed错 不能出现 so注意;because 前可以力口程度副词 simply because just merely mainlyIt is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation2.since 语气弱一些表示对方已知的已经存在的原因“既然”常常放句首Since you are not interested, I won ' t tell you ab

18、out itSince no one is against it, we will pass it通过了3 .as "由于'表示较为明显的原因常放句首As it is snowing, youd better take a taxiAs you request it , I will come4 .for 1)表示猜测的原因放句末用逗号隔开2) 多用于书面语不表示直接原因对前面的句子附带说明It must have rained last night, for the ground is wetI went to see him, for I had something to

19、 tell him.I want to be an engineer,for it' s my dream5 .now that 既然=since表示新出现的情况促成某事的发生放句首居多已经有的情况目前的状况Steven, I heard that the flight ticket to America is cheap recently . Nowthat you have time, whynot we go there together.Now that we can ' t change the fact, let ' s accept it.6 . in t

20、hat仅因为就因为有限制意味多用于否定中Some old people only remember happy things in that they can' t get used tothis fast societyI don ' t like sports in that I am good at it7 . in as much as in so far as 既然鉴于In so far as it is not my fault, I don' t care.In as much as the debtor has no property, I abando

21、n my claim8 .considering that考虑到鉴于补充说明She knows quite a lot about it, considering (that) she is very young.Considering that she is just a child, I am not very strict with her9 .seeing that 由于 因为 鉴于已有情况Seeing that he ' s been sick all week, he is unlikely to come today.Seeing that you live next d

22、oor to Mr Black, you should recognize her.10 . for the reason that很正式的书面表达Due to the fact thatOwing to the fact thatI left that country due to the fact that I can' t accept its cultureFor the reason thatOwing to the fact that11 . given that 由于鉴于Given that you are new here, I will show you around

23、.四、条件状语从句、If unless=if not if only as long as = so long as oncondition (that)in case 假如 以防万一provided (that) = providing (that) suppose (that) = supposing (that)once1 . if 如果1 )真实条件句）非真实条件句（虚拟语气）If it doesn ' t rain we will go climbingIf you have any question, you can voice them now.可以提出来主将从先主情从现

24、If I were a bird, I would fly2 .unless=if notYou will be late, unless you hurry= You' ll be late, if you don ' t hurryIf you don ' t visit him tomorrow, he will be angry= Unless you visit him tomorrow he ' ll be angryI won t forgive you unless you apologize= I won t forgive you, If y

25、ou don' t apologize3.if only只要如果 要是一就好了 |I ' ll let you use my car, if only you return it省略主句用虚拟If only he knew English4.in caseTake a coat in case the weather turns cold主祈使从现In case I forget, please remind me about it如果我忘了 请提醒我I ' ll give you my phone number in case you want to contact

26、me主将从现注意：in case of+名词表条件 以防in that case 在那种情况下In case of rain they can ' t go to the park 万一下雨他们就不能去公园了In that case, he would be punished情况如此他就会收到惩罚5.as long as= so long as 只要 如果 主将从现 主情从现As long as it doesn ' t rain, we can go to playAs long as/so long as we don ' t lose heart, we '

27、; ll find a way to overcomethe difficultyYou can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive on time只要你按时到你就能去看这场电影注意：as long as还有一之久的意思You can keep it as long as you can = You can keep it as long as possible你可以尽量久地保留它6.on conditiong that 条件是 只要I ' ll come on conditon that Amy is invited too我可以来

28、条件是艾米也被邀请了7.provided (that尸 providing (that)Providing there is no objection, we shall make a decisionHe won t be against us in the meeting provided (that) we ask for his advice只要我们征求他的意见8.suppose (that尸supposing (that) 假如 假设Supposing it rains, shall we visit the museum?Suppose that you are a famous

29、writer, do you like to write such a book?9.onceI ' ll make friends once I ' m settled in Paris.二、时态的一致1 .时间状语从句和条件状语从句中遵从主将从现主情从现主祈使从现He' ll be a doctor when he finishes studying here.If it doesn ' t rain tomorrow, we ' ll start 出发If you get the book, let me know.If you like, you

30、 can stay here for the weekend.在这里过周末If you drink, don ' t drive2 .如果谓语是want hope等动词，则条件状从一般用一般现在时What do you want to do if you have much money?I hope to see her if I'm free3 .有些句子中主从句都用一般现在时If you ring this number, no one answersIf you press the switch, the computer comes on如果你按这个开关 计算机就会启动

31、4 .条件状从中也可用的 will表示意愿If you won ' t go, you needn ' t go/won ' t go 如果你不愿意去，那就不去If you ' ll just wait a moment, I' ll find someone to help you 如果你愿意 等一会我会找人帮你五、目的状语从句So that in order that lest 以免 for fear that 唯恐 so that in case以免1.so that 为了I spoke slowly so that you could under

32、stand me.2.in order that 为了She raised her voice in order that she might be heard= she raised her voice so that she might be heard注意：in order that 与so that 可以改为不定式做目的状语 =in order to do so as to do to doShe raised her voice so as to be heard因为 so as to do不可以放句首In order to be heard she raised her voice

33、 = she raised her voice in orderto be heardTo be heard she raised her voice = she raised her voice to be heard3.lest 以防 常用于虚拟语气lest sb (should) doI wrote down the date of his birthday lest I should forget itI was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me4.for fear (that)常与虚拟连用 for fear that s

34、b should/may/might doShut the window for fear that it may rainHe took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain1.1 n caseHe took a gun in case he met any wild animals他带上枪以防遇到野兽6 . so这样为了Come to my house so I could tell you all about itHe wrote the Bible in Enlish so all could read it7 .thatLe

35、t' s take the front seats that we may see more clearly.六、结果状语从句一、 So- - that such that so that that so1. so - that如此以至于 中间加形容词和副词He worked so hard that he passed the exam副词They were so excited that they cried out如此激动以至于大喊大叫形容词注意：1）So位于句首句子倒装He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the h

36、ospital.So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospitalThe novel was so boring that he gave up reading itSo boring was the novel that he gave up reading it2）如果结果状从是 否定可以替换成tooto.句型David was so careless that he didn ' t find the mistakes in his test paper.David was too careless to

37、find the mistakes in his test paper.2.such - that 加名词He was such a fool that he made a terrible mistakeThis book is written in such easy English that even little children can understand it.注意：such位于句首倒装Such a good boy is he that we all love him注意：当有形容词的时候1）中间加单数可数名词it gave him such a shock that his

38、face turned white使他如止匕震惊以至于他的脸都白了I ' m thinking of buying itThis is such a useful dictionary thatThis is so useful a dictionary thatI ' m thinking of buying itHe is such a clever boy that all the teachers like himHe is so clever a boy that all the teachers like him2)中间加不可数名词只用such对 He showed

39、 such concern that people took him to be a friend他展示出如此的关心人们都把他当朋友了错 He showed so concern that people took him to be a friend对 It is such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park错 It is so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park3).中间是负数可数名词They are such difficult problems that I

40、 don' t know how to settle them.He made such a lot of mistakes that he had to give upThey are such fine teachers that we all respect them4)中间是 much little many few 时Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficultproblem that I admire him very much这样小的孩子解这道题遇到如此少的困难我很羡慕他H

41、e had so much work to do that he had to work late into the nightThere are so few notebooks the I can ' t give you any 笔记本太少 以至于我一本也不能给你There are many kinds of bikes that I don' t know which to buy 5) such= so + adjt bear itHis voice is such that we can 3.so thatHe worked hard so that he pass

42、ed the examI stayed up late last night so that I feel sleepy now4.that 以至于The weather is terribly hot that I want to have a shower three times a day5.so 以至于 结果He played computer games every day so he failed the final exam二、 so that 即引导目的状语从句也引导结果状语从句目的 为了结果以至于结果目的状从中常和can could may might will would等

43、情态动词连用The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present能够买The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present，每一枚硬币结果买了He always studied hard so that he may make great progress这样他才可以取得（目的）He always studied hard so that he made great progress结果他取得了很大进步七、让步状语

44、从句Though Although Even if Even though as while However+adj/adv= noWhatever= no matter what whoever= no matter who whomever=no matterwhomWhichever=no matter which wherever=no matter where whenever=no matter whenDespite in spite of1 .although=though 尽管虽然它们不可以与 but连用但是可以与 yet still 连用Although/though he

45、 is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard2 . as Though用倒装表示让步尽管虽然1).倒装名词Although/though he is a child, he can speak five languagesChild though/as he is, he can speak five languages2)倒装副词Although/though he works hard, he makes little progressHard though/as he works, he makes little progress3)倒装动词Al

46、though/though you may object, I ' ll carry out the experiment.Object though/as you may, I ' ll carry out the experiment.4)倒装形容词Tired though/as he is, he (still) keeps on working hardAmazing as it may seem Wednesday night was a quiet night.尽管我理解你的观3.while尽管虽然While I understand your point of v

47、iew, I do not share it点但是我不苟同4 .even if even though 即使 尽管语气比 although thoughWe ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.我们也要做一次旅行You should try to be nice to him, even though you don他好Even though/ Even if it is raining,I ' ll go to work班注意：Even if 与even though可用于虚拟语气中Even if/Even th

48、ough I were ill, I would attend the meeting也要去参加会议Even if/Even though I am ill, I will attend the meeting要参加会议5 .despite 尽管 =in spite of + 名词引状语Despite I miss him, I refused to call himIn spite of him illness, he still went to see his girlfriend.6 .however + adj/adv = no matter how+ adj/adv无论怎么No ma

49、tter how difficult the problem may be, we will overcome it.However difficult the problem may be, we will overcome it.No matter how/ However fast you can run, you still can'强烈即使天气不好t like him 尽量对尽管下雨我也要去上即便是我生病我即使我生病了我也尽管t catch up with him7.no matter which= whichever无论哪个No matter which/whichever

50、 you like best, you have.无论你喜欢哪个你者 B 可以拥有8 .no matter who=whoever 无论谁No matter who/ whoever you are, you must obey the law9 .no matter when= whenever无论何时No matter when/whenever she comes, she says the same words无论她什么时候来她都说同样话10 .no matter whom=whomever 无论谁Whomever/ No matter whom you ask, you will n

51、ot get the answer11 .no matter where/wherever 无论哪里No matter where he goes, he always carry his suitcase手提箱12 .no matter what=whatever无论什么No matter what do, I will support you注意：whatever系列可以引导宾从no matter系列不可以对 You can buy whatever you like错 You can buy no matter what you like八、方式状语从句一、用法As if as thou

52、gh just as as tht way in the way(in) the same way just as so like1.like 像省略谓语）He looked like he had seen a ghost他看起来好像见了鬼似的You talked just like your father does(2.as if / as though似乎好像She acts as though she owns the placeShe treats him as if he was her own son3.just as 就像I finished the work just as

53、you told me他对待他就像自己的亲生儿子一样4. as就像He must do as the doctor advised他必须按照医生说的去做When in Rome do as the Romans do5.just as so就像Just as you sow, so shall you reapJust as some people like sports, so some people like music正如有些人喜欢体育有些人喜欢音乐6.the way 方式You should operate the machine the way you were told操作这台机器

54、7.in the wayWe must solve this problem in the way that we want it to想要方式解决问题8.(in) the same wayHe is behaving (in) the same way his father used to用你被告知的方式去我们必须按照我们他的行为和他父亲过去的行为一样二、特殊情况1 . as if/ as though引导的让步从句可用于虚拟He acted as if he were brave他表现的似乎很勇敢（与事实不符）It looks as if it ' s going to rain看

55、上去好像要下雨了（与事实相符）It sounds as though the situation would get worse.听起来好像情况会恶化似的（与将来事实不符2 .从句的省略（当主从句的主语一致时）He looked at me as if he were madHe looked at me as if mad但是He looked at me as if I were mad不可以改He rushed outside as if he is to cryHe rushed outside as if to cryHe lay on ground as if he were deadHe lay on ground as if deadHe always knows everything as if he does it by instinctHe always knows everything as if by instinct九、比较状语从句一、用法As as not as/so as more -than less than the morethe moremore and more no more than not more tha