Unit2Robots知识讲解话题语言应用

1、话题语言应用机器人及科幻文学作品编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞语言积累 交际用语表示推测与确信：I think/don 'tthink.我认为 /认为不.I believe / don 'believe.我相信 /不相信I guess/ suppose.我猜想.I wonder .我想知道/我奇怪 Maybe .也许It must have . 它一定已经 Is it possible that.?是可能的吗？It could be that .可能Could it be that. ？可能吗？It is possible/impossible是(不)可能的。It is most l

2、ikely/u nl ikely .最有 /不可能There is a belief that. 有人相信 Are you sure that.?你确信吗?I am sure/ positive that . 我确信 /肯定 话题语句（1）1. 有关机器人（robot ）的词句：A robot is a mach ine desig ned to do jobs that are usually performed by huma ns. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer.机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。 机器人被

3、计算机编上程序并加以控制。rebuild a robot重新组装/设置机器人Asimov ' s Laws For Robots阿西莫夫机器人定律)First Law: A robot must not injure huma n beings or allow them to be injured.Second Law: A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).Third Law: A robot must protect it

4、s own existence (as long as huma n beings are no t injured; andas long as the robot does not disobey the huma n bein gs).阿西莫夫机器人三定律一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；三、 在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下，机器人必须尽力保护自己。in dustrial robots工业机器人domestic robots 家用机器人Types of robots: agricultural r

5、obots 农用机器人 household robots家用机器人 entertainment robots 娱乐机器人What can robots do?play music演奏音乐 sweep the floor 擦地 iron shirts熨烫衬衫 cook dinner 做饭play with childre n和孩子们玩rescue work救援工作pour tea 倒茶do the laundry 洗衣服make the bed 铺床 wash the dishes 洗盘子 do all the housework做所有的家务 help me with my homework 帮

6、我写作业serve/ take care of human为人类服务/照顾人类（注意 serve直接接宾语，不需加 for） accompany old people to the shops 陪伴老人去商店help people out of trouble 帮人们摆脱困难explore dan gerous places, like the sea and outer space探测像大海和外部空间那样的危险的地方preve nt childre n from being harmed 防止孩子受伤害The robot can be a teacher. It knows everyth

7、ing and remembers everyth ing well.机器人可以做老师，它知道一切，记得住一切。The robot is clever eno ugh to solve all kinds of problems.机器人很聪明，能解决所有的问题。话题语句（2）有关机器人的讨论：1. If you had a robot, what would you like him to do?如果你有个机器人，你想让他做什么？2. Do you thi nk robots can take the place of huma n? Why?你认为机器人能代替人类吗？为什么？3. It is

8、 terrible that we can 'tell the differenee between a real man and a robot.我们分辨不出人和机器人会很可怕的。4. Do you think it is possible for a robot tohave feeli ngs?th ink for itself?have its own n eeds and desires?look and feel like a huma n being?你认为机器人可能有感情/自己思考/有自己的需求和欲望/看起来或感觉像人吗？5. People will be reliev

9、ed （解脱，免除）from doing household cleaning or cooking. Robots will be able to rebuild and decorate （装饰）the home and design and do gardening （整理花园）.People will be free to work or enjoy their leisure （悠闲） time.6. cartoons that include robots as characters 人物是机器人的动画片scienee fiction 科学幻想小说literature文学，文学作品

10、films/ movie 电影video games视频游戏TV shows电视节目mystery stories神秘故事Scie nce fiction is often based on scie ntific prin ciples and tech no logy.科学幻想小说经常以科学原理和技术为基础。Scie nce fictio n may make predict ions about life in the future.科学幻想小说可能会对未来的生活做出预测。话题语句（3）【高清课堂：Robot语言应用-Movie robots】Movie robotsNo. 1 The

11、Termi nator 终结者When: 1984In the fictional Termin ator uni verse, the Termin ator is a formidable robotic assass in and soldier, designed by the military supercomputer. It can speak naturally, copy the voices of others, read huma n han dwriti ng, and even genuin ely sweat, smell, and bleed.注释：fiction

12、 al小说的 formidable令人畏惧的robot ic机器人的，机器人学assassin刺客genuinely真正的NO.2 Short Circuit 霹雳五号When: 1986Johnny 5 is the fictional robotic star of the movies Short Circuit. He is a former military robot with intelligenee by a lightning bolt（晴天霹雳），and is considered to be alive, as he hasemotions and is self-awa

13、re. Johnny 5 is very curious and inquisitive（ 好奇的）,but he is especially fond of books and televisi on. He is very in telligent and in ventive with an en cyclopedic kno wledge, but can be quite n a?ve （幼稚的）and child-like at times a nd can be too eager to trust people that he should n '.1. with in

14、telligenee 有智力的2. at times有时，偶然3. too eager to do非常急于/渴望做（无否定含义）4. intelligent智能的 inventive有发明才能的encyclopedic如百科全书的No. 3 ROBOCOP 机器战警When: 1987A terminally （致命的）wounded police officer is brought back to life as a super human/machine cyborg（半机械人）used to clean up the crime-ridden streets of a futurist

15、icDetroit. Throughout the film, RoboCop is haunted（受困扰） by the memories of his painful past.注意：used to do被用来做 clean up清理futuristic未来派的No. 4 The Iron Gia nt 钢铁巨人When: 1999The film tells the story of a lonely boy raised by his single mother, discovering a giant amnesiac （记忆缺失的）“ iron man ” ftihafrom s

16、pace. Hogarth has to stop a military force andan egotistical （任性的） federal age nt from finding and destro ying the Giant out of para noia（偏执狂）.No.5 A.: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE人工智能When: 2001It is about a robot child who wants to be “ reDavid, an an droid （机器人） who looks just like a human boy, is uniq

17、uely programmed with the ability to love.No. 6 I, ROBOT 机械公敌Whe n: 2004In the not so distant future, (2035), a detective, who dislikes the rapid advancement of techno logy, in vestigates a crime that may have bee n caused by a robot.No.7 WALL-E 机器人总动员When: 2008Disney and Pixar' animated film cen

18、ters around a cute robot named Wall-E, designed to clean up the waste that covers the Earth in the future. He falls in love with another robot named EVE, and follows her into outer space not prepared for the wild adventure that is to come.注意：animated film 动画片 around 根据 outer space外部空间No. 8 REAL STEE

19、L 铁甲钢拳When: 2011In the future (2020), robots have permanen tly replaced huma ns in the popular sport of box ing.Charlie Kenton finds hope in a discarded robot and rises to the top. Along the way, Kenton is reunited with an 11-year-old son he never knew existed. 话题语句(4)有用的句子-试试你会了吗？1. 拉里说服她，机器人决不会伤害她

20、或让她受到伤害。Larryher that the robot wouldn 'harm her or.2. 她感觉十分尴尬，赶快叫他走。Sheand quickly told him to go.3. 机器人这么通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。It wasandthat he looked so.4. 克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐可笑。Claire thought it wassympathy by a robot.5. 她感觉对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够高雅。She felt her home was n 'for some one like

21、Larry who wan ted tohis.6. 她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页，忍不住突然伸出手去摸他的手。She looked at his fin gersas they tur ned each page and sudde nlyhishan d.7. 被她发现多难为情呀！从她脸上的那种有趣而有惊奇的神色来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪 丝认为她有风流韵事了。How (it is) by her. By the andlook on herface, Claire knew that Gladys thought she.8. 她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开

22、她，而且他不满足于 仅仅使她开心。She cried out Tony” and then heard himthat he didn 'twant to leave her the nextday and that he feltjust the desireher.9. 受到那些女士的嫉妒，这该是多么甜美的胜利！Whatby those wome n!10. 他不仅有超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他能对现在的、过去的各种事物做出解释。He had both an that gave him the ability future worlds and

23、 anmind with which he the explanations of everything, and the past.11. 他是因为 9 年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。He died an HIV infection that he had got from nine yearsearlier.12. 从那以后，他就开始认真地从事写作了。From that moment, he started to .参考答案：1. persuaded; allow her to be harmed2. felt embarrassed3. disturbing （令人心烦的）；

24、frightening（令人害怕的）；human （有人性的，人类的，人）注意这个句子主语是 it 代替的主语从句 that he looked so.，所以用 disturbing 和 frightening 说明主语从句表述的事情的特点，用动词 -ing 形式。如果人作主语，才用过去分词形式。4. ridiculous to be offered5. elegant enough; improve; social position6. with wonder （ 惊奇地，带着惊奇 ）； reached for （伸手去够 ）7. awful; to be discovered; amuse

25、d; surprised; was having an affair8. declare （宣布，一本正经地说）;more than （多于，不仅仅）;to please9. a sweet victory to be envied10. extraordinary imagination; to explore; amazing （惊人的）；searched for （搜寻）；in the present （在现在）11. as a result of； a blood transfusion12. take himself serious as a writer （take .seriou

26、sly 严肃/认真地对待 ）写作运用人物介绍 人物介绍，属于记人记叙文，可以是自我介绍或他人介绍。在写这类作文时，要围绕人物的材料组织短文， 内容应包括人物、 时间、地点、主要事件等内容。 如果写名人的生平、 事迹，要抓住出生年月、主要事迹、人们的评论等进行叙述。写人物介绍的注意事项1. 确定重点，一般应把重点放在人物的工作成就等方面；2. 应通过描写，突出人物性格与成就的内在联系；3. 注意使用叙述的过渡语言，如连接词： besides, in addition, what's more, however, therefore 等，可使结构更紧密。4. 要尝试使用从句、非谓语动词、省

27、略句等，如果应用得当，可有画龙点睛的作用。典型例句：1. Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that include mystery stories .艾萨克阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家，他写了多约480本书，包括神秘小说 2. Her frequent smiles impress me a lot. 她总是面带微笑，给我留下很深的印象。3. He is over forty, but he doesn 'look his age.他已经四十多岁了，但看不出是这个年

28、纪的人。4. He is fairly out-go ing. Talk ing with him is a pleasa nt thing.他很外向，与他交谈是一件很愉快的事。5. He enjoys the compa ny of childre n and shares various in terests with them. 他喜欢与孩子们为伍，与他们趣味相投。6. He has won / was awarded the prize for .他获得 /被授予奖。7. His invention / achievement ranksone of the top . 他的发明 /成

29、就排名在前 名。8. He has mai nly con tributed to .他对做出了重要的贡献。9. Born in a poor family, he had to.他出生于一个贫穷家庭，他不得不.10. Sb. is considered to be one of the greatest .某人被公认为最 之一11. Well known as ., he .作为.而闻名，他12. When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in .他很小时就对 感兴趣。13. Thanks to the help of . he

30、was able to continue his education.多亏了 .的帮助，他得以能够继续他的学业。14. From . to. he first worked as . and then he became.15. 从.到.，他先做.，然后成为.16. He was praised / honored for .他因为而得到赞扬/给予荣誉描写人的形容词：funn y-looki ng 样子可笑的; easy-go ing 随和的； diligent勤奋的； be crazy about 非常喜欢；warm-hearted 好心的；smart伶俐的，衣着漂亮的;lovely可爱的；

31、be fond of 喜爱attractive 有吸引力的; wise明智的；写作范文根据下表的信息，写一篇人物介绍。NameZhang YunchengSexmaleSchool educati onone dayIn terests and hobbiesreading and writingHealthdisabilities caused by a muscle disease; very weak, can hardly pick up a penAmbiti onto write and publish a bookDreamto live a better life参考范文：Al

32、though Zhang Yuncheng is unable to walk or even get out of bed without help, he has achieved his ambiti on to write a book.Because of his disability, Yuncheng went to school for only one day. However, when he was 12 years old, he taught himself to write.When he was 17, Yun che ng wrote to a n ewspap

33、er about his life and his ambition to write a book. Zhang Danuo, an editor at the n ewspaper helped him by sett ing him writi ng assig nments every week. These assignments have now been turned into a book, which many people have bought.Yun che ng says that because his life will not be a long one, he

34、 must do as much as he canwithin the time he has left.有关机器人的短文Example 1根据以下内容写 一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一款新产品。目前，照顾老人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求，适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：1. 可以在固定时间做饭，时间根据个人需要可以调整；2. 可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；3. 及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。参考范文Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending our company &#

35、39; news conference. As you know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don 'thave enough time to atte nd to the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. Our company put out a household robot, which is designed to take care o

36、f old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to in dividual n eeds. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, and taking exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill sudde nly, the robot will call do

37、ctors for help.It would be a great help to you if you own such a robot.Example 2Write a paragraph describ ing a new type of robot. 写一篇描写一种新型机器人的短文。参考范文：The rubbish collectorThe rubbish collector is a robot about half the size of a small car. Its body is square and contains a large rubbish bin in sid

38、e it. It has a camera attached to the top front of its body. Also at the front is a pair of arms.Underneath it has four wheels and six legs. With the camera it can “ see”bbish such as paper, glass, and plastic. If the surface of the gro und is smooth, it runs on its wheels, and if the ground is roug

39、h, it unfolds its legs and walks.When it sees a piece of rubbish, it stops and uses its arms to pick it up and put it in its rubbish bin. However, when it sees a person, an animal or a plant, it goes around it as it is able to recog nize whe n someth ing is not a piece of rubbish.The company should make this robot as it would be very popular with schoo