高中英语必修四 Unit11 The Media-语法篇（教师版）

1、.Unit 11 The Media 语法篇 _1、被动语态。2、动名词。一， 被动语态1. 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语部分需用被动语态形式，即“系动词be+过去分词。例：English is spoken all over the world today.2. 被动语态常用于需要强调动作的承受者；不知道谁是动作的执行者，没有必要说出动作的执行者以及科技文章中。例：The bridge was made of stones.3. 各种时态的被动语态时态 被动语态一般如今时am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 will be + 过去分词过

2、去将来时 would be + 过去分词如今进展时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进展时 was/were + being + 过去分词如今完成时 have/has + 过去分词过去完成时 had been + 过去分词例：I f they are caught, they will die.We shall be punished if we break the rule.A computer center is being built for the students.All the broken windows have been repaired.4. 被动语态的

3、特殊构造含有情态动词的被动语态。其构造为：can/may/must/need/should/ + be + 过去分词例：The children should be taken good care of.带有双宾语动词的被动语态，一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，另一宾语仍然保存在谓语后面。例：He was given a person by his mother for his brother.带复合宾语宾语+宾语补足语动词的被动语态构成，一般是将宾语变为被动语态中的主语。例：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.感官动词see, watch, no

4、tice, hear, feel, observe等和使役动词have, make, let等后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但其被动语态不定式要带to。例：A stranger was seen to walk into that building.一些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动词+介词，“动词+副词等，在被动语态中，介词和动词不可以省略。The meeting was put off till Friday.二， 动名词动名词由动词+ing构成，否认形式为not doing, 具有动词的特点，可以带有宾语和补语，同时具有名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可以充当主语，宾语，表语和定语

5、。1. 作主语例：Seeing is believing.2. 作表语例：My job is teaching.3. 作宾语admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, cant help, cant stand等动词或词组后可以用动名

6、词作宾语，但不能用不定式。例：What environment do you enjoy working in?Can you imagine doing such work?forget, remember, mean, regret, go on, stop, try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth.

7、 打算做某事regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事regret to do sth. 遗憾做了某事go on doing sth. 继续做某事go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事try doing sth. 试着做某事try to do sth. 尽量做某事allow/advise/forbid/permit + doing sth. 允许/建议/制止/准许做某事；allow/advise/forbid/permit sb. To do sth. 允许/建议/制止/准许某人做某事。例：They dont allow smoking here.They dont allow

8、 me to smoke here.need, require, want作“需要解，其后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义；be worth doing主动形式表示被动意义。例：The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.短语devote to, look forward to, stick to, be used to, be busy in, have difficulty/trouble/problemin, have a good/wonderful/hard time in, theres no use/good/

9、need, feel like, get down to等需用动名词形式作宾语。例：We look forward to hearing from you soon.love, hate, prefer, like等动词后用动名词作宾语时指一般情况；跟不定式作宾语时指某一详细行为。例：I like swimming, but I prefer diving.4. 作定语，说明被修饰名词的特征，功能或作用。如今分词作定语那么与被修饰的名词是主谓关系。例：There is a large reading room in the library.例1. If nothing _, the ocean

10、s will turn into fish deserts.A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done解析：句意：假如不采取措施的话，海洋将会变成鱼的沙漠。此题考察被动语态。Nothing与do之间为被动关系，而且又是“主将从现的句式，应选D项。答案：D。例 2. We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.A. had been improvedB. will be improvedC. is improvedD. was im

11、proved解析：句意：我们有信心，通过我们进一步减少污染的努力，环境会有所改善。考察时态。题干中的are说明语境是如今，空格处的动作是将来发生的，故B为正确答案。答案：B。例3. _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having knownC. knowingD. Being known解析：句意：懂得根本的急救技能有助于对紧急情况作出快速反响。此题考察非谓语动词作主语。分析题干可知非谓语动词短语作主语，因为过去分词不能做主语，排除A项。根据句意可知，空格处

12、不是表达完成或被动意思，排除B和D项，故答案为C项。答案：C。例4. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed解析：句意：明年即将开工的机场有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。此题考察非谓语动词作定语。首先排除D项，因为having been done形式不能作定语；A：正被完成；C：已经完成；B：即将被完成。答案：B。例5. 2019北京房山高三二模The discussi

13、on _ now and it will not be long before the final result is announced.A. is holding B. will be heldC. is being heldD. has held解析：句意：讨论正在进展中，用不了多久就会公布最终结果了，根据now可知，讨论正在进展中，应用如今进展时，主语the discussion与动词hold之间为被动关系，所以应用如今进展时的被动语态。故答案选C。答案：C。根底演练一，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. Is honest the best policy? We _ that it

14、is when we are little.teach2. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.put3. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life.repay4. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.rebuild5. Have you heard about that f

15、ire in the market?Yes, fortunately no one _.hurt6. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the duce7. _how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.hear8. _ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.kick9. _ by beautiful green mountain

16、s and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makes Taiping Lake a famous tourism attraction. surround10. Once learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.correctKeys：一，1. are taught2. were put3. will be repaid4. Is being rebuilt5. was hurt6. have been produced7. Hearing8. Kicking9. Being sur

17、rounded10. correcting稳固进步一，单项选择。1. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed2. He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had3. Armed with the information you have

18、 gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up4. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attackedC. being attackedD. having been attacked5.

19、We have no objection _ the new project again.I cant agree more.A. to discussB. to discussingC. to having discussedD. to have discussedKeys：一， 1-5 BABCB一，单项选择。1. My father has much _ in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.A. reliefB. beliefC. kerchiefD. chief2. 2019北京东城高三第一学期期末考试She seated hersel

20、f at a small table in the restaurant, waiting _.A. servingB. to serveC. servedD. to be served3. 2019北京朝阳高三第一学期期末考试Ah, Anita. Is the design for the conference center today?I _ on it for over a month, but I havent finished it yet.A. workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. was working4. 2019北京101中学高三

21、测试Due to the light pollution, stars are too faint _ with naked eyes in the urban area.A. observingB. being observed C. to be observedD. to be observing 5. 2019北京东城高三一模Charles entered New York University in 2020 and one year later _ to University of London as an exchange student.A. sentB. had sentC.

22、was sentD. had been sent6. Each of us is _ to develop a personal for certain types of entertainment.A. possibleB. probableC. likelyD. potential7. Stand at the top of the mountain, and then youll get a better _ of the town.A. sightB. viewC. sceneD. scenery8. _ sales of cars up by 30 last year, the tr

23、affic in Beijing has become increasingly terrible.A. AsB. SinceC. ForD. With9. Was it _ the international conference that made the city the focus of this area.A. to holdB. holdC. heldD. holding10. Excuse me, where is the nearest bank?Go straight ahead; you _ miss it, which is a huge building.A. must

24、ntB. cantC. needntD. shouldnt 11. Its a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal _.A. servesB. servedC. is servedD. to be served12. Mo Yan became the first Chinese Nobel Prize winner in Literature, _ left school to make a living at the age of 12.A. AsB. whichC. thatD. who13.

25、Shall we have our house decorated?_ I think its fine as it is.A. Why not?B. Sounds great.C. Not exactly.D. Better not.14. people have mixed views on the policy published recently, because not everybody is _ it in the survey.A. in honor ofB. in favor ofC. in search ofD. in need of15. Rose didnt _ the

26、 discussion, for she wasnt has trouble _ the right things to say.A. take partB. joinC. participate inC. attend inKeys:一，1-15 BDCCC CBDDB CDDBC_一， 完型填空。Gary and Charlie lived in the same town. They 1 in the same class. Gray was tall and strong and ran faster. He was one of the 2 in their school. But

27、his friend Charlie was thin and spent 3 time on sports. Gray was 4 in his lessons because he wasnt so 5 as Charlie. And Charlie often helped him with his lessons.The war 6 as soon as the two young men finished middle school. They both 7 the army and soon they were sent to the front 前线.Now Gray often

28、 8 Charlie . And the young man thanked his friend very much.The officer wanted to get the Germans 9 . He sent some soldiers to go to the enemys rear area 敌后. But they were captured 俘虏. He had to 10 the second group, then the third. But they were all missing. 11 of the soldiers would do it. At last t

29、he officer 12 any soldier 13 could capture a German would be rewarded 奖赏 200 dollars. Gray always 14 to get rich and asked to do it with Charlie. They walked 15 the forest, crossed the rivers and reached the village where the Germans stayed. They found there were the enemy soldiers everywhere. They

30、had to stay in a broken house until 16 fell. But they were so tired that 17 they were both 18 . At midnight Gray heard some noise. He 19 at once and found there scares of Germans around the house. He woke Charlie up at once and said 20 , “Well soon get rich !1. A. workedB. studiedC. livedD. played2.

31、 A. fightersB. policemenC. athletesD. actors3. A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few4. A. wellB. goodC. weakD. bad5. A. ableB. politeC. friendlyD. clever6. A. broke outB. hurried offC. found outD. put out7. A. went toB. escaped fromC. joinedD. took part in8. A. savedB. helpedC. beatD. punished9. A. new

32、sB. newspapersC. booksD. information10. A. takeB. bringC. sendD. ask11. A. AllB. NoneC. BothD. Neither12. A. promisedB. guessedC. thought D. ordered13. A. whatB. whoC. / D. which14. A. preparedB. plannedC. advisedD. hoped15. A. throughB. acrossC. crossingD. past16. A. the sunB. the moonC. night D. dawn17. A. before a long timeB. long agoC. long beforeD. before long 18. A. asleepB. ali