高三名词性从句考点分析与突破

1、高考虚拟语气考点分析与突破（撰稿人 曾祥银）1 高考链接年份考点2008宾语从句中的虚拟语气2009虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用2010宾语从句中的虚拟语气2011if虚拟条件从句的基本用法2012if虚拟条件从句的基本用法1.（2008湖北）I feel so sick. I wish Mum （没有逼我）to eat so much. (force) 1. hadnt forced me2.（2009湖北）After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzhou Apaceship received the command from

2、the ground that （它着陆）as scheduled the next day. (land) 2. it (should) land3.（2010湖北）Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention （讨.论）at the meeting. (discuss) 3. (should) be discussed4. （2011湖北）If （我没有喝）alcohol last night, I could have driven my car home. (drink) 4. I had not / hadnt d

3、runk5. （2012湖北）Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we the train. (miss) 要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会误了火车。5. would not have missed二高考考点热点清单1. if虚拟条件从句的基本用法2. 省略if的条件状语从句的用法3. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用4. 虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法5. 含蓄条件句三高考考点热详解 考点1：if虚拟条件从句的基本用法1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设If I were rich, I would buy that car.If I h

4、ad a car, I should be very happy.2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设If I had known her telephone number, I would have called her.If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设If I were to go abroad，I would go to America.If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.If it should rain tomorrow,

5、I might get lost.4. 混合条件句有时主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式必须因时间不同而不同。例如：If she hadnt trained so hard，she wouldnt be able to run so fast. (从句与过去事实相反；主句与现在事实相反)1. John went to the hospital alone. If he , I would have gone with him. (tell) 约翰自己去医院了。 要是他（事先）告诉我，我就跟他去了。2. This printer is of good qual

6、ity. If it within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (break) 这台打印机质量很好，如果第一年坏了，我们保修。3. I but I was too busy at the time. (give) 我本来可以给你更多帮助，但我那时太忙了。4. Its a pity that he failed the exam. If he his handwriting, the result would be better now. (pay) 可惜他考试没有及格。如果他更注意书写，现在的结果就会好一些。5. The

7、 weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . (die) 天气一直又热又干。 是啊。如果当初下一点雨，现在情况就会好很多！我的蔬菜也不会死了。考点2：省略if的条件状语从句的用法Were I you, I would get up early in the morning.Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday,

8、you could have caught the train.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.6. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy (就节省了). (save)7. Had they known what was coming next, second thoughts. (have) 要是他们知道了接下来将会发生什么事情，他们可能会改变主意的。考点3：虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用1. 主语从句1） It was unneces

9、sary that he (should) get here so early.It is strange that he (should) leave without telling us.It is surprising / amazing / pleasing that she (should) win over her mother. 形容词表示“必须的”、“重要的”、“适当的”、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“紧迫的”等意义时，句子常用虚拟语气。这类形容词还有advisable, desirable, essential, impossible, natural, possible等。形

10、容词表示“惊讶的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意义时，句子常用虚拟语气。2) Its ordered that the classroom (should) be kept in order.It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules.含有某些“-ed”分词的句子常用虚拟语气。这类词都是由与之相关的表“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等意义的动词转化而来的。这类动词还有advise, arrange, demand, propose, recommend, request, require等。2. 宾语从句1) He

11、insisted that all of us (should) be there on time by any means.The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词包括insist, desire, request, order, propose, command, advise, recommend, demand, suggest等。这些动词后面的宾语从句中用“（should+）动词原形”构成虚拟语气。注意：

12、当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。如：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.He insisted that he was honest.2）I wish I could fly.（用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的愿望）I wish I had known it before.（用过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望，即与过去事实相反的愿望）I wish you would stay a little

13、 longer.（用“would + 动词原形”表示对将来的愿望）3) Id rather you didnt make any comment on the issue for the time being.Wouldnt you rather your child went to bed early?3. 表语从句My suggestion is that the old houses (should) be pulled down.The old mans request is that his children (should) give him some money to live

14、on every month.句子主语是表示“愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为动词派生出来的同根名词时，表语从句常用虚拟语气“(should) + 动词原形”结构。这类名词有suggestion, propo-sal, request, advice, decision, requirement等。4. 同位语从句What do you think of Mr Lis proposal that we (should) have a get-together next Friday? My wish that a teaching building (should

15、) be built here will soon come true.从句的先行词是表示“愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为动词派生出来的同根名词时，同位语从句常用虚拟语气“(should) + 动词原形”结构。It is (high) time (that) the child went to bed.在It is (high) time + (that)从句中，从句中的谓语动词通常用过去时（或should + 动词原形）表示虚拟。（此时should不可省略）【及时巩固练习】8. With the presidents of Tunisia（突尼斯）and Eg

16、ypt forced to step down, more leaders have realized it is high time they （重视）to economy and political freedom. (attach)9. The representatives all applauded his proposal education. (access) 代表们都赞同他的提案，即每个孩子都应有平等机会接受教育。10. It is required that all high school students to use cell phones at school. (all

17、ow) 所有高中都有规定，学生在校内不准使用手机。11. Representatives attending Copenhagen Conference recommended that （采取严厉措施）to reduce carbon emission. (take)12. Eventually they all accepted his proposal that the meeting （推迟）. (put)13. The doctor recommended that you （不游泳）after eating a large meal. (swim)考点四：虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法

18、1. 由as if / as though（好像）引导的从句，谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟语气。as if从句虚拟语气动词的时态不受主句动词的支配，时态的确定有以下几种： 主、从句同时，从句用一般过去式。 主、从句同时，且在进行，从句用过去进行时。 从句先、主句后发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。 as if从句中表过的意思是真实的时候句子要用陈述语气。例如：He talked as if he had been to Paris.She looks as though she had known all the secrets.He passed the soldiers as if h

19、e didnt exist.He heard a noise, as if someone were breathing.It looks as if it is going to rain.14. I would rather （呆在家里）yesterday than go to see the dull film. (stay)15. If only I （听从了）your advice! Look, what a mess I have made now! (follow)16. Noisy as it is, he is reading attentively as if （这事在发生

20、）. (happen)17. How I wish my house (没有卖掉). Its more valuable now. (sell)考点5：含蓄条件句有时，虚拟语气句中不出现if条件句，而是利用介词或介语短语、分词短语，不定式或连词通过上下文表现出来。这时，须根据句子的含义来判定是用虚拟现在式还是虚拟过去式。But for your help, I would have failed then.（指过去）Without air, there would he no living things.（指现在）We could have done better under more fav

21、orable conditions.（指过去）In that case we could have done the work better.（指过去）This same thing, happening in war time, would amount to disaster.（指现在）Born in better times, he would have been a scholar.（指过去）To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination.（完成式指过去）4）连词but ,but that, or或otherw

22、ise主句（陈述语气）+or（否则）otherwise（否则）+从句（虚拟语气）butbut that（若不是）+从句（陈述语气）主句（虚拟语气）+He would have given you more help, but he was so busy.（指过去）I would go abroad but that I am short of money.（指现在）She eats too much every day, or he would be thinner.（指现在）I was busy, otherwise I would have given you more help.（指过去）18. What would you do if you (处于我的位置)? (position)19. Luckily we brought with us a map, without which we in the jungle. (get) 幸运的是，我们随身带着地图，要不然就在丛林中迷路了。20. The driver is not to blame for the accident. In fact, （要不是