完形填空解题技巧课件-人教版整理

1、 解题技巧解题技巧一、完形填空的起源与运用一、完形填空的起源与运用完形填空法（完形填空法（the close procedure）的产生与格式塔的产生与格式塔心理学（心理学（Gestalt psychology）有着密切的关系。格）有着密切的关系。格式塔心理学特别注重作为整体的经验模式（式塔心理学特别注重作为整体的经验模式（Gestalt psychology is especially concerned with patterns of experience as wholes.）。）。 它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识整体。它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识整体。要理解整体的全部性

2、质，就必须要理解整体的全部性质，就必须“自上而下自上而下”地分地分析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。完形填空题的创始人：完形填空题的创始人： 威尔逊威尔逊泰勒（泰勒（Wilson Taylor） “完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样：是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样： 一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式，一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式， 另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的猜测的语言模式。猜测的语言模式。”二、完形填空题的解题方法二、完形填

3、空题的解题方法完形填空题是测试话语水平的题型。根据完完形填空题是测试话语水平的题型。根据完形填空法的基本理论，我国在高考形填空法的基本理论，我国在高考NMET的的测试中使用完形填空题的主要目的在于考察测试中使用完形填空题的主要目的在于考察考生的短文阅读理解能力。考生的短文阅读理解能力。 威尔逊威尔逊泰勒说：泰勒说：“完形填空所涉及的是一系完形填空所涉及的是一系 列与上下文相联系的空白，列与上下文相联系的空白， 而不是孤立的而不是孤立的空白。空白。” 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。示作用的词

4、或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。选择正确的短语。 3. 注意同义词的辨义注意同义词的辨义.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7 . 根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项充分利用文章的上

5、下文和前后句，找到对选充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。词或反义词。 解题技巧解题技巧The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 22 areas like the desert. 21AUsing BHolding COwning DFinding 22Adry

6、 Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild The 33 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 34 than from the below. 33Acorrect Bfurther Caverage Dearly 34Aclouds Bsky Cair Dabove In 1964 Shirley graduated from Gallaudet and looked for _44_.She wanted to be _45_ and work full time.44.A.informationB.he

7、lpC.a job D.an assistant45.A.happyB.independentC.freeD.confident充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 4. The stone men face 41,rather than out to sea, and their eyes are focused upon the sky. 41. A. forward B. outward C. onward D. inward5.The ar

8、t experts who work at the gallery say they used modern chemistry technology to 45 the paint on the picture. These checks found traces(痕迹痕迹) of paint deep in the picture 46 about 1814.45. A. try B. remove C. wash D. checkA. looking back B. dating from46. C. getting along D. starting with2. 注意固定的搭配，包括

9、动词与介词的搭配、动词与名注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。选择正确的短语。 .Hed 36 his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living, 37 had his father and grandfather before him. 36A. cost B. spent C. take D. paid37A. like B. as if C. so D. nor.I called my be

10、er Samuel Adams, 51 the brewer and patriot（爱国者）（爱国者）who helped to start the Boston Tea party.51A. for B. at C. in D. after 2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。选择正确的短语。 He didnt hear the bell for he was completely in reading the new

11、spaper. A. interested B centered C addicted D absorbed3. 注意同义词的辨义注意同义词的辨义1.Her face was familiar to me, but I could not 8. r_ where and how I had seen her. 2.All at once I 10. r_ where I had seen her. 3.Then I explained that I had 13. r_ her from the photo I found in the purse. emeber ealizedecogniz

12、ed4.Since their 43,these huge stone men 44 one of the greatest mysteries of all time. Who built them? 43. A. looking B. invention C. discovery D. covering44. A. have happened B. have led to C. have taken place D. have created3. 注意同义词的辨义注意同义词的辨义5.The trainer 44 it was useless trying to finish. He cal

13、led to Trudy to 45 .44A. thought B. considered C. decided D. felt45A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take a rest6.The forest began to disappear, which 53 all the animals dying out. 53. A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay in.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词根据动作的发出者确定所选的词1) And video cameras can be us

14、ed to _ peoples actions at home.A. keepB. make C. record D. watch2) The watch, which Mrs Smith had _ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.A. seenB. dropped C. found D. laid3) When the papers were _ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test

15、.A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered5. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项1.The explorers found that the island had good soil 37 the 200 natives living there survived with little food. 37. A. and B. but C. however D. still2.Her father had 36 her two things. One was not to pull her out of the wa

16、ter 37 she asked. 36A. given B. refused C. allowed D. promised37A. as B. unless C. even if D. when3.So, at 24 I decided to drop out. 42 , my parents didnt think this was a great idea. 42A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Possibly D. Properly6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项1.in 1967 she was asked to w

17、ork at Gallaudet University as a dorm supervisor(宿舍监管员宿舍监管员). Shirley supervised young women who _47_ in the university during the school year. 47. A. worked B. studied C. lived D. played2.Interest is 35 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on m

18、ountain 36 .35Araising Brising Cbuilding Dlasting 36Arocks Btips Ccops Dtrees 7 . 根据作者的根据作者的态度，观点，情绪态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项来确定相关选项Life is very 55 , so dont rush to make decisions. Life doesnt let you plan.55A. hard B. busy C. short D. longDr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads and _54_ many rainbows searching for her dream. With courage and _55_, she never gave up.54.A.found B. watched C. follo