the_history_of_canada

1、The history of CanadaThe early age of Canada The general introduction of Canada Discovery of the new world Settlement British explora-tion French explora-tionDiscovery SettlementBritish Canada French Canada The early age of CanadaThe general introduction of Canada Canada is a relative young country

2、with of no more than 500 years The history of Canada begins with the arrival of human beings thousands of years ago. Inhabited for millennia by aboriginal peoples, Canada has evolved from a group of French and British colonies into a bilingual, multicultural federation. Harriet Martineau Discovery o

3、f the new world lSimilar purpose-find new route to the Orient l British exploration In 1497 John Cabot ,an Italian sea captain , sailed west from Bristol(布里斯托尔)，Britain the discovery of the eastern shores of Canada ,which Cabot claimed as Newfoundland lFrench exploration In 1535 Jacques Cartier ,a F

4、rench navigator (船上的领航员) sailed up the St. lawrence River as far as what is today MontrealDiscovery of the new world Discovery of the new world lConclusion : Although both Cabot and Cartier failed to find the route they were seeking ,they discovered a treasured place of valuable resource in the vast

5、 expanses of North America Discovery of the new world lInfluence : the news ,their Newfoundland was abundant in fish and other natural resources ,brought back home was like throwing a tomb in the Europe and as a result attracted a massive visit to the eastern shores of Canada . promoted the prosperi

6、ty of early trade in between the Europeans and the native (India and Inuit)Europe Settlement lEurope Settlement In the early 1600s , both Britain and France founded permanent settlement in Canada Europe Settlement In 1608First colony Extended from the St. Lawrence river to the Grate Lakes Later ,wit

7、h the rapid growth of English colonies Europe Settlement From the Grate lakes to the Grate Plains ,the Mississippi ValleyStretched along the Atlantic seaboardrivalSeven Year” WarlResult : Britain win , take the whole Canada into control lBritish Canada Qubec Act (魁北克法案) First important milestone in

8、a longtime of efforts to cope with the differences between the French and Britith people and unit them into one country “New member”American refugees , so-called Loyalist Laid the base of English-speaking CanadaEurope Settlement The protest of British colonists + Constitutional Act (1791) = Canada w

9、as split into upper Canada and lower Canada Revolts broke out in 1837 but , it were put down So ,Upper and Lower Canada united as the British colony , the Province of Canada .Canadian NationThe dependence of CanadaThe historical height of CanadaThe change of Canada between 1946 and 1961The role it p

10、lays in the worldThe dependence of Canada Canadas road to political self-government began with the British North America Act,1867,also known as the Constitution Act,which created the self-government domination of Canada. After confederation,Canada experienced rapid growth in the following decades.Af

11、ter World War 1,Canadas economy and business advanced significantly,so it became an important member in the world. With the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931,Canada has been a member of the Commonweath of Nations. After World War 2,though as an ally of Britian,it developed tremendly both

12、 in industry and agriculture. And it emerged as the worlds fourth largest industrial nation. The historical height of Canada The federal governments power increased since the 1950s to its historical height. With taxing and spending powers gained from the provinces ,the Liberal government laid the fo

13、undations of the Canadian welfare state. The change between 1946 and 1961 During these years,its population increased due to the postwar baby boom and immigration. By1961,the country had become one of the worlds most urbanized nations. Television and other mass communications,mass merchandising and

14、suburbanization accelerated social and cultural mobility. Womens role changed,too.The role it plays in the world With its economic strength,it began to take an active role in international relations.Since the 1950s,Canada has involved itself in foreign aid programs for developing nations and peaceke

15、eping missions to settle disputes in foreign countries. When OPEC cut back oil production in 1973 and 1974,Canada profited from the oil-price increase due to it. However,the Canadian economic stagnation persisted through the 1970s. While it struggled with its domestic problems,it played an increasin

16、gly important and more independent role in the world affairs not only economically but also politically.Prime Ministers of Canada after 1980During the administration of Pierre Trudeau The Canada Act(加拿大法案）of 1982 made Canada a fully sovereign state. Around mid-1982,Canada was in its worst economic r

17、ecession since the1930s.neraly 13% of the labor force was out of work. Meanwhile, as the Canadian dollar fell to a record low against the U.S.dollar, the annual rate of inflation rose to more than 11%. Partly because the government had not been able to reverse the economic trend, the Liberal Prime M

18、inister Pierre Trudeau retired from his post as head of government and party leader.When Brian Mulroney was in office: He made national unity a high priority and sought to amend the constitution. Later ,the federal and provincial governments signed a constitutional agree-ment that was acceptable to

19、the Premier of Quebec（魁北克，加拿大省名）. This agreement was called the Meech Lake Accord（米其湖协议）.it gaves all the provinces substantial new powers and recognized Quebec as a “distinct society”. All provinces were given htree years for public hearing and feedback before the Accord was to be ratified（正式生效）in

20、1990. In 1990, the Accord was defeated. because many saw it was an attempt to weaken or even dismantle（分解）the power of the federal government ,and regarded the special status of Quebec as unfair and pr-oblematic. In 1992,the Mulroney government came up with another accord known as the Charlottetown

21、Accord（夏洛特顿条约），which contains many of the same proposals as those in the Meeh Lake Accord.it also failed in a national referendum（公民投票）. The government adopted a different economic agenda. It weakened government intervention in the national economy. Avril Phaedra Douglas Kim Campbell, PC, CC, QC (bo

22、rn March 10, 1947) is a Canadian politician who was the 19th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 25, 1993, to November 4, 1993 (132 days). Campbell was the first female Prime Minister of Canada, the first baby boomer to hold Canadas highest office and the first to have been born in British C

23、olumbia.Jean Chretien The Liberal government, led by Jea Chreti-en, continued with many of the Progressive Conservative partys economic and social policies.Cuting government spendingMantaining the high tax ratesStrongly supporting private rather than public enterpriseSigning the North American Free

24、Trade AgreementTherefore, Chretiens government gained popularity among the Canadian people in its early years But ,the Canadian unemployment rate still stayed very high Particularly, his governments failure to fulfill the promise to remove Mulroneys Goods and Services Tax商品及服务税 created a severe impa

25、ct on the governments credibility. Despite these problems, Chretiens Liberal government was reelected in 1997, and by the end of his premiership, his government had succeeded in ending 20 years of federal budget deficit and lowering the persistently high unemployment rate.In 2003 Paul Martin took of

26、fice as Prime Minister his government: Tying to improve Canadian-U.S. relations Forging a closer relationship with China after President Hu Jintaos state visit 国事访问to Canada in 2005.9 Proposing a bill to legalize same-sex marriage across Canada In 2005,the Civil Marriage Act was passed, making Canad

27、a the fourth country in the world to allow same-sex marriage In the 2006 national election, Stephen Harper, became the 22nd Prime Minister.In the 2008 federal election, the Conservatives won 143 seats in lower house of parliament of the 308 seats. Harper re-established the new federal government.Fil

28、mstrip43Presentation STARTMore about historyBy 杨凝杨凝History about Friendly Relationship Between CAN&CHN China and Canada established diplomatic relations on October 13, 1970, and bilateral relations developed smoothly in all fields thereafter. politic In May 1989, Wan Li and Rong Yiren, Chairman

29、and Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress of China, visited Canada in succession. Foreign Ministry officials of the two countries consulted on disarmament and politics. The Canadian Embassy in China launched an activity of “Canada-China Friendly Month” in the name

30、of “Enjoy the Future”. Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney delivered a televised speech. Trade and Economic Exchanges Trade and economic ties between China and Canada saw rapid progress in 1992. The trade value reached US$2.579 billion. Heads of transport, energy, construction, trade and economic

31、, commerce and system reform institutions of China successively visited Canada; while Canadian officials in charge of development, fisheries and oceans and auditing also visited China. High-Level Exchanges In November 1998, Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien visited China and held the 20th annual meeting of Canada-China Trade Council. The two governments signed a statement on the framework of environmental cooperation oriented toward the 21st century and a memorandum of understanding on fores