教师资格考试-高中英语-2015下半年

1、教师资格考试-2015年下半年-真题英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）1.考试时间120分钟，满分150分。2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答，在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1. In English, the aspirated ph and the unaspirated p are _ . A. minimal pairs B. in phonemic contrastC. two distinctive phonemes D. in complementary distribution 1.【答案】D。解析:考查音系学知识。此题句

2、意是：在英语中，送气音位变体ph和不送气的音位变体p是什么关系? ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体。complementary distribution表示“互补分布”。在同一语音环境中出现的两个音并不形成对照或对比，或者说，如果将其中一个代替另一个并不会产生新词或新意时，则这两个音位变体之间的关系是互补分布。所以此题D正确。minimal pair表示“最小对比对”，是指两个语音形式或词除了一个语音片段之外其余部分完金相同的状态，如pill和bill，dill和kill等；phonemic contrast表示“音位对立”，是指两个相似的音位出现在不同语音的同一位置，并产生意义差别，如ph

3、和p在rope相robe中，它们都在词尾的位置，但是意义不同，因此，它们之间的关系是对立的。two distinctive phonemes表示两个不同的音位。而题中ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体，所以C不正确。故选D。2. /s/ and/ can be distinguished by_.A. manner of articulation B. place of articulationC. vibration of the vocal cords D. aspiration of articulation2.答案】B.解析：考查语言学知识。此题句意是: /s/ and/有什么不同?

4、manner of articulation表示发言方式，.; place of articulation表示“发音部位”；vibration of the vocal cords表示“声带的震动”；aspiration of articulation表示“送气发音”。/s/和/都是清辅音、摩擦音，并且发音时都送气，所以排除A、B和C选顷，而/s/和/的不同在于发音部位，/s/为齿龈音，而/为齿音，故B正确。3. You II find this Travel Guide to be of great _ in helping you and your children to get arou

5、nd Malaysia.A. cost B. price C. value D. expenditure3.【答案】C。解析：考查名词词义辨析。此题句意思：你会发现Travel Guide这本书在帮助你和你的孩子游览马来西亚这方面是_。“be of+抽象名词”相当于形容词. be of value表示“很有价值”，故C正确。cost表示花费；price表示价格；expenditure 表示“开支，费用”4. When the train_, all the school students were surprised to see that the Carlisle team had one

6、man only.A. pulled down B. pulled on C. pulled of D. pulled in 4.【答案】D。解析:考查动词词组辨析。此题句意是:当火车_，学校所奇的学生都惊讶地看到Carlisle队只高一个男生。pull down表示拆毁，毁坏；pull on表示“牵，拉”；“pull off”表示“做成某事”；pull in表示“（指火车）进站”，故D正确。5. Which of the following words contains an inflectional morpheme? A. Disappear. B. Blacken. C. Oxen.

7、D. Anti-pollution.5.【答案】C。解析：考查形态学知识。此题句意是：下列哪一词包含屈折语素？屈折语素表明各种不同的语法关系和语法范畴。四个选项中，只有C选项Oxen中en表示复数，所以C正确。6. Reading is to the mind_ food is to the body. A. that B. which C. as D. what 6.【答案】D。解析:考查固定结构。此题句意为:阅读之于思维犹如食物之于人体。A is to B what C is to D意思是“A之于B犹如C之于D，what前后为物与物的比较，如果是数与数的比较，则用as连接，例如: Fou

8、r is to twelve as one is to three。故此题D正确.7. He had no time and energy to play with his children or shop with his wife, but he _ home a regular salary. A. did bring B. does bring C. did get D. does get 7.【答案】A。解析:考查强调和词义辨析。此题句意是：他没有时间陪他的孩子玩儿，也没有时间陪妻子购物，但是他会定期给家里钱。根据but可知前后时态应该一致，故排除B和D。根据句意可知应表示给家里钱，

9、故A正确。8. In fact, they would rather have left for London_ in Birmingham. A. to stay B. in order to stay C. than have stayed D. instead of having stayed 8.【答案】C。解析:考查固定结构。此题句意是:事实上，他们宁愿已经去了伦敦而不是待在伯明翰。固定结构would rather do A than do B表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”,故C正确。 9._ makes it possible for language users to overcom

10、e the limitations of time and space in communication. A. Arbitrariness B. Duality C. Productivity D. Displacement9.【答案】D。解析:考查语言本质特征。此题句意是：能够使语言的使用者在交流中克服时间和空间的局限性体现了语言的什么特征? displacement表示语言的位移性，是指人类语音可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上不可及的物体、时间和观点。故D正确。10. The sense relation of the following pair of sentence

11、s is that_.X: Marys pet cat was stolen. Y: Marry has a pet cat. A. X entails Y B. X presupposes Y C. X is inconsistent with Y D. X is synonymous with Y 10.【答案】B。解析:考查语义关系。此题句意为：句子X“玛丽的宠物猫被偷了。”和句子Y“玛丽有一只宠物猫”是什么关系? X presupposes Y表示“X预设Y”。由句意可知，Y为X的先决条件，故句子X和句子Y为预设关系。故此题B正确.11. Which of the following

12、statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate? A. It is a teaching guide. B. It is a blueprint to be strictly followed. C. It takes into account syllabus and students. D. It describes in advance what and how to teach. 11.【答案】B。解析：考查教学设计。此题是问:下列关于教案的表述，哪个是不恰当的? A项意为“它是一项教学指导”， B项意为“它是一项必须严格遵照的计划”，C

13、项意为“它需要考虑到 教学大纲和学情”，D项意为它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教”。A、C、D项分别体现了教案的性质、要求和内容，但教案只是一份教学计划，在实际过程中全因为一些突发状况而随即进行调整的，所以B项说“需要严格遵照执行”是不准确的。故选B项。12. Skill- integrated activities allow teachers to build in more _ into a lesson, for the range of activities will be wider. A. certainty B. simplicity C. variety D. accuracy

14、12.【答案】C。解析：此题是问：综合技能活动允许老师在课程中融入更多_，因为活动范围会更加广泛，A项意为“确定性”，B项意为“内容有效性”，C项意为“多样性”，D项意为“准确性”，从题干当中的integrated和wider等词可以判断出，只有使课堂活动更加多样，才会带来活动范围的扩大。故选C。13. A language proficiency test that only consists of multiple-choice questions lacks_.A. construct validity B. content validity C. test reliability D.

15、 score reliability 13.【答案】A。解析：此题是问：一个只有多项选择题的语言水平测试缺乏_。A项意为“结构高效性”，B项意为“内容有效性”，C项意为“测试信度”，D项意为“评分者信度”。以多项选择试题出现的结构，即使学生能拿高分，也不一定表明其能够自如运用这些语法结构知识进行书面表达或口头交际。也就是说，这一题型只能测试学生的语言输入能力，如听和读，而不能测试学生的语言输出能力，如说和写。因此，多项选择试题的结构效度在当前的测试理论之下的局限性突出。而其成为最普遍的测试手段的主要原因在于它较高的表面效度和信度，但真实并不是真正有效的。故选A。14. When a teach

16、er asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into a logical paragraph，he/she is trying to draw their attention to_.A. grammar B. vocabulary C. sentence patterns D. textual coherence 14.【答案】D。解斩：此题是问：当一名老师让学生将一组句子重新排列成一个有逻辑的段落，那么他/她是想让学生注意_。A项意为“语法”，B项意为“词汇”，C项意为“句型”，D项意为“结构连贯性”。既然老师是让学生重排成端，所以强调

17、的是句子间的逻辑性，故选D。15. Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extracting specific information? A. Inferring meaning from the context. B. Recognizing the authors beliefs and attitudes. C. Using information in the reading passage to make hypotheses. D. Listening to the f

18、light information to see if the plane is on time.15.【答案】D。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以帮助提高学生提炼具体信息的能力？A项意为“通过上下文推断含义”，B项意为“识别作者的看法和态度”，C项意为“利用阅读文章中的信息作出假设”，D项意为“听取航班信息判断飞机是否准时”。由此可知，A、B、C分别对应了含义推断题、态度推断题和细节推断题，侧重的都是对于学生判断能力的锻炼，因而只有D项是通过听力练习中对于细节信息的听取来训练学生对于细节信息的把握能力，故选D。16. Which of the following activities can

19、 be used to check students understanding of difficult sentences in the text? A. Paraphrasing. B. Blank-filling. C. Story-telling. D. Summarizing. 16.【答案】A。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以被用来检查学生对于文章中难句的理解？ A项意为释义 ，B项意为填空，C项意为“讲故事”，D项意为“总结”。如果想考查学生对于 难句是否理解，可以通过让他们用自己的话进行重新解释来判断。其他几项只涉及到对具体信息或文章大的把握，故选A。17. When a t

20、eacher organizes group work, which of the following might be of the least concern? A. Increasing peer interaction. B. Increasing individual practice.C. Developing language accuracy. D. Providing variety and dynamics.17.【答案】C。解析：此题是问：当老师组织小组活动时，下列哪项可以最少关心?A项意为增加同伴间的互动 ，B项意为增加个人练习，C项意为“提高语言准确性”，D项意为“提

21、供多样性和动力”。组织小组活动的目的一般是调动课堂兴趣，培养学生的参与、合作等能力，锻炼他们的实际语言运用能力。基于这样的目的，在小组活动中，老师可以适当忽略对于语言准确性的要求，故选C。18. If a teacher asks students to collect, compare and analyze certain sentence patterns, he/she aims at developing students _.A. discourse awareness B. cultural awareness C. strategic competence D. linguis

22、tic competence 18.【答案】D。解析：此题是问:如果老师让学生去收集、比较和分析某些句型，他/她旨在发展学生的_。 A项意为“语篇意识”，B项意为“文化意识”，C项意为“交际能力”，D项意为“语言能力”。由题干可以看出，老师组织的活动主要是针对句型结构的，进一步而言实际体现的是对语言能力的训练，故选D。19. When a teacher says to the whole class，Stand up and act out the dialogue，he/she is playing the role of a(n)_.A. monitor B. organizer C.

23、assessor D. prompter 19.【答案】B。解析:考查教师的角色。此题是问：当老师对全班同学说站边来，把这个对话表演出来，那么他/她扮演的角色是_. A项意为“调控者”，指老师对活动的进程进行把握，保证其开展的顺利高效；C顶意为“评价者”，指老师对学生的表现进行评价；D项意为“促进者”，指老师在学生不知道要做什么说什么时给予适当的提示。在该题中，老师让学生进行一项具体活动，体现了对于课堂活动的设计组织，所以扮演的是组织者的角色，故选B。20. Which of the following may better check students ability of using a

24、grammatical structure? A. Having them work out the rule.B. Having them give some examples. C. Having them explain the meaning.D. Having them explain the structure. 20.【答案】B。解析：考查语法技能教学。此题是问:下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力?A项意为让他们找出规律， B项意为让他的给出一些例子，C项意为让他们解释含义， D项意为“让他们说明结构”。通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于

25、该语法结构的把握，故选B。请阅读Passage1，完成第21-25题.Passage 1When asked by Conan if his daughters had smart phones，comedian Louis CK explained that he had successfully fended them off by simply replying. No, you cant have it. It is bad for you. He instantly became my hero as I was mired in difficult negotiations wit

26、h my ten-year-old daughter over one. And frankly， she was winning. Was it possible to say no to my daughter, as CK suggested? I hadn t even known I was allowed to, if the guinea pigs, the dogs, and things for her doll Molly were any indication. CK rationalized，I am not raising the children. l m rais

27、ing the grown-ups that they are going to be. So just because the other stupid kids have phones doesnt mean that my kid has to be stupid. Now I knew I didnt want my kid to grow up stupid like her friends. I needed to explain this to her. This is what CK told Conan and me. Cell phones are toxic，especi

28、ally for kids. he said，because they don t help them learn empathy，one of the nicer human emotions. When we text，we dont see or hear a visceral reaction .The response we get is cold and hard text-message. Why are kids mean? He asked. Because theyre trying it out. They look at another kid and say，You

29、re fat. Then they see the kids face scrunch up and think that doesnt feel good.” Texting youre fat allows you to bypass the pain. CK went on to explain that smart phones rob us of our ability to be alone. Kids use smart phones to occupy their time: Must text! Must play game! Must look up more tiny s

30、ocks online for Molly! CK asked, what happened to zoning out? After all，one of the joys of being human is allowing our minds to wander with cell phones，kids are always preoccupied. They never daydream，except in class. And heres something else were missing: our right to be miserable. This was a right

31、 I hadnt realized I desired until CK pointed out that its another of the essential human emotions. CK gave the example of driving by yourself and suddenly realizing that youre alone. Not Oh, guess I can t use the lane alone. Dark, brooding sadness causes so many drivers to grab smart phone and reach

32、 out to another living soul. Everybodys murdering each other with their cars as they text because they dread being alone. Too bad -theyre missing out on a life-affirming experience. I was in my car one time，and Bruce Springsteens Jungleland came on. He sounds so far away. It made me really sad. And

33、I think, lve got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people. I was reaching for the phone，and I thought，dont! Just be sad. So CK pulled over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl denied a nice thing for her American Girl doll. It was beautiful. Sadness is poetic. Youre lucky to live sad mome

34、nts, he said. Because he didnt fight and allowed himself to be sadness I was grateful to feel sad, and then I met it with true profound happiness. The thing is, because we dont want that first bit of sad， we push it away with that little phone. So you never feel completely sad or completely happy. Y

35、ou just feel kind of satisfied. And then you die. Thats why I dont want to get phones for my kids. And I suppose I dont either. 21. Why did the author regard CK as her hero? A. CK was a good father and a very brave comedian in her eyes. B. CK didnt agree to buy smart phones for his young daughters.

36、C. She was very impressed by his solution to the smart phone problem. D. She was encouraged by him not to make any compromises to her daughter. 22. What does the underlined word one in PARAGRAPH TWO refer to? A. A dog. B. A doll. C. A guinea pig. D. A smart phone.23. Why did CK refuse to buy his kid

37、s cell phones? A. He didnt like cell phones at all and thought they were poisonous, especially, for kids. B. He believed that cell phones were ruining kids abilities to experience their own lives. C. He worried that his kids would play their phones in class and be absent-minded. D. He was a differen

38、t kind of father who would like to raise his kids in a different way. 24. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase zoning out in PARAGRAPH FOUR? A. Losing concentration. B. Being alone. C. Buying things on line. D. Playing games. 25. Which of the following is true accord

39、ing to the article? A. Text messages have allowed children to learn and feel empathy. B. Cell phones have made childrens life at school colorful and exciting. C. Experiencing loneliness or sadness is as beneficial as enjoying happiness. D. Cell phones may offer people the quickest way to find someon

40、e to talk to. 【答案解析】21.【答案】C。解析：考查细节理解。通过阅读文章中第一及第二段，可知作者认为CK是她的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，因此作者对他的处理方法印象深刻。故本题的正确答案为C。22.【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第二段可知，CK是作者的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，但是当作者面对同样的问题时，她却没有处理好这个问题，最终给自己的女儿买了智能手机。故本题的正确答案为A。23.【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段第一句话，得知手机是有毒的，特别是对孩子而言，可知

41、A选项正确。24.【答案】A。解析：考查词义理解。根据文章第四段，可知手机剥夺了独立的能力。因为智能手机已占据了孩子们所有的时间。CK问道: What happened to zoning out?，后面给出了答案，有一个关键词wander游离，走神，可推测zoning out应该是相wander一样的意思，故本题选A。25.【答案】C。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第三段，可知A选项错误；通过阅读整篇文章，可得知孩子们玩智能手机对他们有很多不利，故B选项错误；C选项表明经历孤独寂寞和悲伤有益于享受快乐，可根据文章的第七、八段得出答案；D选项说明手机也是找人谈话的最快的方式，文章中并没有出现，

42、D选项错误，故本题的正确答案为C。请阅读Passage2，完成第26-30题.Passage 2 Until a decade or two ago，the center of many Western cities were emptying while their edges were spreading. This was not for the reasons normally cited. Neither the car nor the motorway caused suburban sprawl, although they spend it up: cities were sp

43、reading before either came along. Nor was the flight to the suburbs caused by racism. Whites fled inner-city neighborhoods that were becoming black, but they also fled ones that were not. Planning and zoning rules encouraged sprawl, as did tax breaks for home ownership - but cities spread regardless

44、 of these. The real cause was mass affluence. As people grew richer，they demanded more privacy and space. Only a few could afford that in city centers; the rest moved out. The same process is now occurring in the developing world，but much more quickly. The population density of metropolitan Beijing

45、has collapsed since 1970，falling from 425 people per hectare to 65. Indian cities are following; Brazils are ahead. And suburbanization has a long way to run. Beijing is now about as crowded as metropolitan Chicago was at its most closely packed， in the 1920s. Since then Chicagos density has fallen

46、by almost three-quarters. This is welcome. Romantic notions of sociable，high-density living -notions pushed，for the most part，by people who themselves occupy rather spacious residences- ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor wor

47、ld. Many of them are far too dense for dignified living, and need to spread out. The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The modern Stepfords are no longer white monocultures，but that is progress. For every Ferguson there are many American suburbs that ha

48、ve quietly become black，Hispanic or Asian，or a blend of everyone. Picaresque accounts of decay overlook the fact that Americas suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than half as poor as central cities. Even as urban centres revive，more Americans move from city centre to suburb than go the o

49、ther way. But the West has also made mistakes，from which the rest of the world can learn. The first lesson is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on everyone. Suburbanites tend to use more roads and consume more carbon than urbanites (though perhaps not as much as distant commuters forced out by gree

50、n belts). But this damage can be alleviated by a carbon tax，by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followed the barmy American practice of requiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building - something that makes

51、commuting by car much more attractive than it would be otherwise. Scrapping them would give public transport a chance. The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most effective method for doing this， push up property prices and encourage long-distance com

52、muting. The cost of housing in London, already astronomical， went up by 19% in the past year，reflecting not just the city s strong economy but also the impossibility of building on its edges. The insistence on big minimum lot sizes in some American suburbs and rural areas has much the same effect. C

53、ities that try to prevent growth through green belts often end up weakening themselves, as Seoul has done. A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and railways, and chunks for parks， before the city sprawls into them. New Yorks 19th-century governors deci

54、ded where Central Park was going to go long before the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but the park is still there. This is not the dirigisme of the new-town planner-that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and

55、work， and how they will get from one to the other. It is the realism needed to manage the inevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as it goes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky

56、 songs about the appalling dullness of suburbia. 26. For which of the following reasons did the west move out of cities? A.They did not need to pay higher taxes when living in suburbs. B.Car industry rapidly developed and motorways swiftly emerged. C.They discriminated against the black people living in city centers. D.The richer they grew, the more demand they had on privacy an apace. 27. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word detractors in PARAGRAPH FOUR? A. Urbanites B. Proponents C. Opponents D. Suburbanites 28. What doe