动词不定式用法归纳

1、动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副 词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定 式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+ do；其否定形式是not?to+ do。？1 .作主语?可以直接作主语。如：？To?see?is?to?believe ?但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如：？It's?wrong?to?play?tricks?on?other?people ?"Z." L

2、?I* /1yyx 一； £. /'/'j jJIt's?our?duty?to?keep?our?environment?clean?and?tidy（ Lesson?1。. ?点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It?is?+adj.（形容词）+to?do?sth.或？It?is?+ n.（名 词）+to?do?sth句型中，it仅作形式主语。？2 .作宾语？a.以下动词只能to?do?乍宾语。 j" I I attempt 企 图?enable 能够?neglect 忽 视?afford 负 担得起?demand 要求?10ng 渴 望？

3、arrange安 排？mean 意欲，打 算？begin 开 始？expect期 望？appear似乎，？显 得？determine 决定？manage 设法？cease停止？hate 憎恨，厌恶 ？pretend 假装？ask 问？need需要？agree 同 意？desire 愿望？1ove 爱？swear 宣 誓？vo1unteer志 愿？?wish 希望？bea岷受？?endeavo努力？?offer 提供？beg青求？fai1 不能？p1an 计戈 U ?bother 扰乱；烦恼？forget忘记？prefer喜欢，宁愿？?care关心，喜欢？happen碰巧？prepare准备？?

4、decide决 定？learn 学习？regret 抱歉，遗憾？choose选择？hesitate 犹豫？profess 表明？c1aim 要求？hope 希 望？promise 承诺,允许？start开始？undertake承接？want 想要？intend 想要？refuse拒绝？decide决 定？learn学习？contrive设法，图谋？incline有倾向？propose提议？?see俄，寻觅？try试图？?b. love, like?, begin, start, hate?, prefer等词后面可以接不定式。？点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别

5、。？提示板：like?doing指经常性动作，而like?to?do指一次性的动作。如：?I?like?swimming , but?I?don't?like?to?swim?now 我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。？1- 4F -：c. stop, forget, remember, go?on?, try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。？点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。？1) stop?to?do?sth ：停止一件事，去做另一件事。？?stop?doing?sth:停止正在做的事。？例句：When?the?teacher?came?in, the?students?

6、stopped?talking ； when?he?came?out, the?students?stopped?to?ta Ik ?当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。？I J 2)思考：forget, remember, go?on, try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？j' I I d.在巾nd/feel + it + adj. +to?do?sth句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：？The?man?downstairs?found?it?difficult?to?get?to?sleep?I?feel?it?e

7、asy?to?recite?the?text ?点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面 stop例句。？3.作宾语补足语？a.下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词 +宾语+动词不定式ask要求，邀请 get请，得至U prompt促使 allow 允许 forbid 禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce宣 布force 强迫 press迫使 bride收买inspire鼓舞 request请求 assist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定， 表示 advise劝告exhort告诫，勉励 pray请

8、求 authorize授权，委托 help帮助recommend劝告， 推荐 bear容忍implore恳求 remind提醒 beg请求induce弓I诱 report报告 compel强迫invite 吸弓I, 邀请， summon传唤 command命令intend 想要，企图 show 显示 drive 驱赶 mean意欲，打算 train 训练 cause弓I起instruct指示 require 要求 deserve应受leave 使，让 tell告诉 direct指导like 喜 欢tempt劝诱 entitle有资格 order命令 warn告诫 enable使能够 need需

9、要urge激励，力 说 encourage鼓励 oblige 不得不 want想要 condemn指责，谴责lead弓I起，使得 teach教 entreat ." i- , 恳求 permit允许 wish 希望I tell him not to go there by bus .Edison's mother taught him to read and writeb. let, make, have, see, hear, feel, watch, ?notice后面接不带 to 的不定式作宾补。如:The?boss?makes?them?work?16?hours?a

10、?d ay? j' I I I?heard?her?sing?in?the?next?room ?提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如：？They?are?made?to?work?16?hours?a?day?by?the?b ossShe?was?heard?to?sing?in?the?next?roo m?4.作定语：放在被修饰的名词、代词后面？例句：I?have?a?lot?of?work?to?do?The?doctor?said?he?could?do?nothing?to?help?the? bo?点击规律：动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修

11、饰的名词、代词之后。？提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉 介词。如：？I?have?a?small?bedroom?to?live?in ? _一 'tr <Have?you?got?some?pens?to?write?with ?| J5 .表语：放在连系动词be后面？例句:His?wish?is?to?become?a?scientist ?The?first?important?thing?is?to?save?the?soldiers'liv eS?当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。？点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时

12、，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。？6 .作状语？a.目的状语：放在 go, come, use, live, in?order等词后面。如：？I?come?to?see?you ?He?runs?fast?in?order?to?get?there?in?tim e?b.原因状语：放在 sorry, glad, surprised, ?disappointed, excited等词后面。如：?I?am?glad?to?see?you?here ?I?am?sorry?to?trouble?youc.作结果状语。如：？Some?of?the?apples?are?hard?to?rea

13、ch?The?room?is?large?enough?to?hold?1000?people?7 .与 what, who, whose when, where, ?how等疑问词连用，作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等 。 如：？1- 4F -：I?don't?know?what?to?do?next (宾语)？He?taught?us?how?to?use?the?compute r(宾语补足语)？It's?still?a?question?how?to?get?there (主语)？巩固练习：？根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。？1. It's?time?for

14、?us?(have) supper. ?2. Would?you?like(go) shopping?with?me? ? I J J-3. It?took?us?half?an?hour(work) out?the?problem. ?4. He?is?old?enough(join) the?army. ?5. I?feel?strange(have) a?twin?sister. ?6. I?am?very?glad(meet) you?here. ?7. They?prefer(stay) at?home?rather?than?go?out?8. We?saw?them(come) into?the?room?just?now ?9. What?he?said?made?me feel) sorry. ?10. I?am?sorry. I?forgot (tell) you?the?news ?11. His?plan?is(spend) a?few?days?in?the?mountains12. Have?you?got?anything(say) ? ?13. Have?you?decided?which?one(choos8 ? ?14.