中考英语专题复习动词应用(语法考点精讲真题精炼)

1、1动词应用鱼中考考情分析0一、 动词应用题的命题特点动词应用题是中考英语试题中的一种传统题型，常以动词填空题出现在中考试题中，主要用来测试考生对动词和非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。这里的“动词填空”不仅仅指谓语动词的正确时态，还包括动词不定式、动名词和分词等形式，而且涉及主动语态和被动语态及主谓一致等知识。因此，掌握好动词的各种形式及其用法是做好此类题的关键。二、 动词应用题的解题技巧选用动词的适当形式填空主要是测试考生对动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词的用法和其他方面的掌握情况。 谓语动词有时态、语态的区别；非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。因此，做此类试题首先要判断是谓语动

2、词还是非谓语动词，然后确定其正确形式。下面从四个方面将确定动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词等形式的方法分述如下：1. 确定时态的方法(1) 根据句中所含的时间状语来判断时态1一般现在时常用的时间状语有sometimes，often , always，usually ，every Tuesday，in the morni ng等。2一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用：last year，yesterday ，. ago，lastMon day morning ， just now 等。3一般将来时常有表示将来含义的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，this evening 等。4现

3、在进行时常与 now 连用，或用 look， listen 创设现在进行时的语言环境。5过去进行时常与表示“具体的过去时间”连用。如：at eight last night ， at thattime， at this time yesterday 等。6现在完成时常用的时间状语有already ，just ， ever， never， yet 以及 since/for引导的时间状语。7过去完成时常与表示“与过去时间比较已经完成”，含有“过去的过去”之意的时间状语连用。如：by the end of last year ， by 1990 等。8过去将来时常出现在主句为一般过去时的宾语从句里，

4、且常与表示“过去将来”的时间状语连用，如 the next week/mo nth等。(2) 根据上下文和时态呼应来判断时态。如：Listen! Who is singing?2在复合句中，可根据从句的时态判断主句的时态。如：He has been to ma ny placessince he came to China.也可根据主句的时态判断从句的时态。如宾语从句中若主句是一般过去时，宾语从句常用过去的某种时态。如：Bill asked if he could come.3当主句为一般将来时，从句为if，when, as soon as ， until 等引导的状语从句时，从句常用一般现在

5、时表示将来。如：If you don t hurry ， you ll miss the train.(3) 根据习惯表达来判断时态。如：表示客观真理的宾语从句常用一般现在时。如：Hesaid the earth goes round the sun.2. 确定语态的方法第40课-DE4&KE动词应用已DONGCI YING YONG2当句子主语是动作的承受者，含有“被动”之意时，要用被动语态。被动语态的谓语由“ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。be 要随着时态和主语的人称和数而变化。中考所涉及的 被动语态只有一般现在时、 一般过去时和含有情态动词的句子的被动语态。 只要熟练掌握，一般

6、没有什么困难。3. 确定非谓语动词的方法对于动词不定式，主要掌握其基本用法，对于动名词和分词， 主要掌握教材中出现的常用搭配，并把这些动词分清、记牢。记住这些动词，就等于记住了它们的用法。1跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有want，try ， forget ， hope， decide，choose，agree等。2跟动名词作宾语的动词有keep，finish ，enjoy 等。3stop，remember，forget 等动词既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，但意义不同。如：He stopped talk ing.He was so tired that he stopped to have a r

7、est.4动词 let ，see, hear，make, feel 等后面的宾补在主动语态中常用不带to 的不定式，但变为被动语态时，则要带 to。如：They made him work 10 hours a day.He was made to work 10 hours a day.4. 其他方面包括习惯用法、句型、短语等。如一些常见句型：It takes sb. some time to dosth. ;too. to do sth.等。介词后面应用动词-ing 形式。系动词、实义动词在情态动词、助动词后面用原形。此外，还应注意一些常见的短语，如：well done，had bette

8、r dosth.等。这些方面的知识主要靠平时积累，并且多做有关练习，加以巩固记忆，只有这样 才能熟练掌握。例如：(2016 山东临沂中考动词应用)根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。A special red bridge was found in the Lake District ， Britain. The whole bridge used no glue orbolts ( 螺钉).It was completely made of paper!The bridge was a piece of art work. It 1 (start) to

9、 open to the public in April ， 2015. The bridge wasmade of 22， 000 pieces of paper and it2 (be) five meterslong.The bridge became a popular tourist place. The touristswan ted to test whetherit would hold their weight.“ The red bridge really3(sta nd) out i n the wildcountryside and makes you4(want) t

10、o touch it or even walk over it，” said avisitor.The special paper bridge was an art project by an environmen tal artist n amedSteve Messam. To build the paper bridge was not easy at all ， and he spent three years 5_ (develop)the bridge. He used old principles( 原理 )from Roman times _6 (build) it. He

11、said the 4. 5 tons of papermade the bridge much stronger than oak(橡 木).Even after heavy rain ，the bridge was n t in flue needat all.The paper 7 (produce) by a paper factory. After the exhibition (展览)，all the paper was recycled.短文大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上一座用纸做的特别的红桥。1. started 由 in April ， 2015 可知用一般过去时态。

12、故填started。32. was由前半句中的 was made of 可知此处也用一般过去时。故填was。3. stands由后半句中的 makes 可知此处用一般现在时。故填stands。44. want由 make sb. do sth.可知此处用动词原形。故填want。5. developing由 spend+some time+(in) doing sth.可知此处用动名词。故填developing。6. to build 由 use sth. to do sth.可知此处用不定式。故填to build。7. was produced 由 by 可知此处用被动语态，结合后句的时态可知

13、此处用一般过去时。 故填 wasproduced。鱼中考真题演练我Test 1A(2015 山东临沂)根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。Bridges are built for many reas ons. Some bridges are built so that cars_1(cross)over rivers. Others are made for trains to use. In Washington State, thereis a very unusual bridge. It was built for squirrels(松鼠).

14、The tow n of Lon gview has a very busy street. Many cars pass it every day. When squirrels triedto cross the street, they 2 (kill). Amos Peters wan ted_3(protect)these small and lovely animals, so he built a bridge for them one thatwould let them pass above the traffic.The bridge4(be)a symbolof thet

15、ow n for over 40 years si nee the n. AndeveryChristmas , thelocal people 5(add)a small Christmas tree to the centerofthebridge. How lovely!A few years ago, the local people6 (create)a squirrel festival and theyraised money7 (build)two morebridgesfor these lovely ani mals. For years,because of the br

16、idges , the squirrels in the town have been able to cross safely from one side of thestreet to the other.短文大意：本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了华盛顿的松鼠桥， 它是专门给松鼠用的，目的是 避免这些动物被伤害。不久前在那里的人们又建造了两座这样的桥。 文章旨在告诉我们要保 护动物，保护环境。1.羞盗 banSffi 句意：有些桥被建造是为了汽车能过河。这是由通常含有情态动词，故填can cross。2.蚩童 Jwere killed句意：当松鼠试图过街时，它们 _ 死了。由句意可知，是松鼠

17、“被弄死，杀死”需要用被动语态； 本句前后时态一致， 即都需用一般过去时态, 动语态，squirrels 是复数，故填 were killed。3.to protect蜃囲句意：阿莫斯彼得斯想保护这些可爱的小动物”由空前的 to dosth.“想要做某事”，即 want 后要跟动词不定式，故填4.査透 lhas bee nover 40 years si nee the n可知要用现在完成时态，主语是 the bridge ，助动词要用 has ,so that 引导的目的状语从句，从句中因此要用一般过去时态的被wan ted 可知， 要构成 want toprotect。塹 I 句意：从那时

18、到现在40 多年，那座桥一直是那个城镇的象征。由句末的时间状语for5be 的过去分词是 been,故填 has been。5.add團把句意：每年圣诞节，当地人都会在桥中央加上一棵小的圣诞树。由时间状语every6Christmas 可知要用一般现在时态，主语the local people 当地人”是复数，谓语要用动词原形，故填 add。6. 2 園 created罰可句意：几年前，当地人创立了松鼠节”由时间状语a few years ago几年前”可知要用一般过去时态，create 的过去式为 created，故填 created。7. 匿園 to build赛 S3 句意：”他们筹集了

19、钱为这些可爱的动物又建造了两座桥。空格处要用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to build。B（2016 山东滨州）根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。One day , I took my daughter to the park. As soon as we got theremy daughter 1 (run) to the swing (秋千)and asked for a push. Whenl was helping my daughter , Inoticed another girl trying to make her own swing

20、2 (go) highby herself. Her old gra ndmother was sitt ing on the chair n earby and smili ng at us.Gradually , my daughter 3 (push) higher and higher by me. Then I walked towards the little girl. I askedif I4 (give) a big push to her. She smiled and said“Yes” . For the next hour , I pushed the swings

21、, and played with my daughter and the little girl.When we went home, I 5 (be) tired but very happy.One day two years later , after a day s work, I went to pick up mydaughter before going home.While I6 (wait) outside the school gate, a little girl smiledsweetly at me and gave me a big hug. As I watch

22、ed her7 (run) away , I realized that shewas the girl whom I gave a big push in the park.So far , I 8 (not forget) her sweet smile and the warm hug that she gave me. In fact , if we givelove to others, love9 (find) its way back to us. It maytravelfrom heart to heart or it may blossom (开花)in the heart

23、. The love we share ,the kindn ess we 10 (give) , and the happ in ess we create will come back to us with a pleasa ntsurprise.短文大意：本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了作者带女儿到公园玩时，帮助了一个小女孩荡秋千。两年后的一天，作者又偶遇这个女孩，她微笑着给了作者一个拥抱。故事告诉我们，在生活 中，我们分享的爱、我们给予的仁慈、我们创造的快乐会给我们带回令人愉快的惊喜。1.膏圉 ra n旌匡句意：我们一到那里，女儿就跑去秋千那里”表示过去一个动作发生时，另一个动作随之发生，故填

24、过去式ran。2.goSSmake sb. /sth. do sth.为固定结构，意为使某人/某物做某事”。鼻几L.I3.was pushed翟臣句意：渐渐地，我的女儿被我推得越来越高。主语my daughter 是谓语动词 push 所表示的动作的承受者，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4.could givecould。7萼句意：我问我是否可以用力推她一下。由主句的 asked 可知，从句中用情态动词5. 51Mlwas証句意：我们回家时，我很累但很高兴。表示过去的状态用6.匿園 was waiting句意：我在校门口等的时候，一个小女孩冲我甜甜地微笑并给我一个大大的拥抱。wh

25、ile引导的时间状语从句常用过去进行时，故答案为was wait ing 。7.KMJrunningSE3 句意：我看见她跑开的时候，我意识到了”。watch sb. doing sth.表示看见某人正在做某事”。故答案为 running。8.垄适 Jhaven t forgottenso far 表示到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用。9.笠臺 Iwill findBHif 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故答案为will find 。10. 圜祠 give鑒囲句意：我们分享的爱、我们给予的仁慈、我们创造的快乐会给我们带回令人愉快的惊喜。此处与前面的 we share 和后面

26、的 we create 并列，故答案为 give。Test 2A(2016 山东威海)用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。Whenl was a child , myparents often took meto a run-down house in a thick forest. No otherchildren ever stayed there. I didn t even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister.I could never 1 (understand) what the attraction of the h

27、ouse was, even for my parents , whoenjoyed nothing better than to sit in silenee with a good book. The woman in the house , my father sdistant cousin, was a terrible cook.One day, when I was hanging around the garden behind the house , I noticed a wooden house.It was clearly abandoned(废弃的)and 2 (hid

28、e) completely behind talltrees and huge grass.As I walked towards it , I heard a noise , like an animal moving hurriedly away.I was about to turn away whe n I saw an old man3 (sta nd) at the door. I was muchscared. “Please don t tell them you saw me,” he said.“They never use this place ,and I have n

29、o where else to live. ”“ Don t worry，” I said. “ I 4 (not tell)anyone. But are you all right out here? I mean do you have eno ugh to eat?”The old man 5 (shake) his head and said that he hadn t had a big meal forages. I decided to put this right as soon as I could. The same evening, I took asmall pla

30、stic bag into the dining room and, while no one was looking , I emptied some of the food intoit. Later, I got out of the back door secretly and gave the foodto the old mar, whose name I had discovered was Taff. I had never seen anything else as lovely as thesmile on Taff s face when he6 (eat) the fo

31、od. From then on ,my visits to the old house had a purpose, and I enjoyed every minute of the restof my stay.短文大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者儿时在森林中居住的一段时光，在一间废弃be 的过去式 was。8的小木屋里作者认识了一位老人，这位老人贫困潦倒，作者尽自己最大的努力来帮助他，从而作者的生活也有了一些乐趣。1.un dersta nd句意：我从来不能理解这座房子有什么吸引力” could 为情态动词，其后跟动词原形。2.整錮(was)hiddenSH 句意：很明显，这座小

32、木屋是废弃的，而且完全隐藏在高大的树木和杂草后面。空格处 为被动结构。3.湖測 standing品可句意：我正打算离开，这时我看到一位老人正站在门口。see sb. doi ng为固定用法，意为看到某人正在做”。4.湖測 won t tell郵 3 句意：我不会告诉任何人的。本句为一般将来时的否定形式，won t 是 will not 的缩略形式。5.3jlshook品打|句意：老人摇摇头说他好多年没吃过一顿饱饭了。本句为一般过去时态，shook 为 shake的过去式。6.埜姿 Jwas eating/ate/had eaten句意：当 Taff 吃东西时，对我来讲，他脸上的笑容比什么都可爱

33、。B(2016 山东东营)阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。Bullying (欺凌)is doing things to hurt other people. It is a serious problemat school.Miahnow a 22-year-old girl , still 1 (remember) how she was bullied in junior high school.“They kicked me , put sticks in my hair and took money from me. Evenworse ,

34、I 2 (make) to eat rubbish. I never3 (forget) those moments . ”Miah is not the only case. I saw another bullying situation when I was a student. Somestude ntsbullied a han dicapped (智力低下的)girl every day hitt ing , push ing , and kicking her. They justenjoyed 4 (do) it. The girl didn t realize that pe

35、ople 5_(hurt) her. She couldn t even tell the teacher.The situation lasted for a long time.Bullying at school is getting worse, so , many people 6 (try) to startan ti-bully ing(反欺凌)programs. Stude nts in many schools have already take n acti on.They 7 (create) an ti-bully ing clubs. Many stude nts h

36、ave joined the clubs. They work with teachers toshow stude ntshow to stop bully ing. Some other programs haveproved to be successful , too.In Wales , two girls came up with an idea to stop bullying on the school bus.They created a bus pass ( 乘车证)and made four rules for students:no bullying,no sweari

37、 ng (骂脏话),no smok ing and no shouti ng. When ever a stude nt broke a rule , he would geta mark on his pass. Whena student had four marks, he wouldn t be allowed to take the bus anymore.The bus pass idea worked. It8 (stop) bully ing on thebus.In Michigan , some students tried to stop bullying with friendship. They made DVDs. They gave9the DVDs to stude nts in their school9 (teac