初中英语宾语从句与感叹句用法

1、2018年寒假语法篇一、感叹句1. 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，2. 感叹句结构主要有以下几种：How+ 形容词或副词+主语+谓语 How + 形容词+ a +名词+主语+谓语What + a/an+形容词+名词单数+ 主语+谓语 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 主语+谓语What+ 形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语What an interesting story it is! What fine weather it is! What beautiful flowers they are! 【说明】 在

2、感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast it is! 3. 感叹句的省略常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。 What a naughty 

3、boy（he is）!4. 陈述句变感叹句：陈述句变为感叹句，可遵循“一断、二加、三换位、四改号”的原则。一断：将原来的陈述句断成两部分，在谓语动词后断开。二加：加适当的感叹词，断开的后半部分的中心词如果是名词，则要加what；如果是形容词或副词，则要加how。 如有very, too, quite 等词应去掉。三换位：把改变后第一、二部分前后调整位置。注意句中有关单词的大小写。四改号：把原来的句号改为感叹号。He is a good student. - He is / a good student. - He is (what) a good student. - What a

4、good student he is.- What a good student he is！She works very hard. - She works / very hard. - She works (how) hard. - How hard she works. - How hard she works!练一练：用what, what a/an, how填空：1. _ nice skirt it is! 2. _ interesting the film is!3. _ beautiful the park are! 4. _ delicious food it is!5. _

5、careless the man is! 6. _ wonderful ideas!7. _ lovely the baby is! 8. _ cold weather it is!9. _ clever boy (he is)! 10. _ interesting film this is!11. Look! _fast the boy is running!12. _cold day it was yesterday!13. _heavy the box is! I cant carry it.14. _interesting story he told us!15. _nice the

6、mooncakes are!16. _bad weather!17. _clever children all of you are!18. _important news that is!19. _time flies!20. _beautiful flowers you bought me!把下列句子改为感叹句：1. How lazy the boy is!2. What an exciting movie it is!3. What delicious apples they are!4. How pure the water is!5What a careful woman she i

7、s!6They are running fast.7Her sister is a very lovely girl. 选择题：1. _ fine the weather is! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a 2. _ food youve cooked! a. How a nice b. What a nice c. How nice d. What nice3. _ great fun they had! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a4. _ heavy rain it was! a. What a b. What

8、 c. How d. How a5. _ fun place to go Shanghai is! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a6. _ happy life the old live! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a7. _ nice fish they cooked! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a8. _ blue the sky is! a. What a b. What c. How d. How a9. _ useful work you did! a. What b. H

9、ow c. What a d. How a 10. _ time you had! a. What good b. How good c. What a good d. How a good time11. _ exciting moment it is! a. What b. How c. What a d. What an12. _ nice shoes! a. What b. How c. What a d. How a13. _ she sings! a. How well b. How good c. What well d. What good14. _ fast the boys

10、 are running! a. What b. How c. What a d. How a15. _ the school is! a. What big c. How big c. What a big d. How a big二、宾语从句1、概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句；介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句中要用陈述句的语序。2、宾语从句的连接词1） 从属连词主要有：that；if；whether。that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，that没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，常省略；if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从

11、句。He told that he would go to the college the next year. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.2） 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,which，whoever，whatever, whichever等，在从句中可充当主语、宾语等。连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.I dont know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what t

12、he best CEOs know. 3） 连接副词主要有when, where, why, how等，在从句中充当状语。He didnt tell me when we should meet again. Could you please tell me how you get to the new hotel?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.宾语从句的引导词的选择坚持两个原则：看这个引导词的具体词汇意义；看这个引导词是否在从句中充当句子成分。3、动词的宾语从句1） 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。2.）部分“动词+副词

13、”结构也可以带宾语从句。I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?3）动词短语也可以带宾语从句make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.4、介词的宾语从句We are talki

14、ng about whether we admit students into our club.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.5、 形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised.I am sure I will pass the exam. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long

15、. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.6、if, whether在宾语从句中的区别介词后一般不用ifwhether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.在不定式前只能用whether。如： I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。7、宾语从句的时态1）当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.2） 当主句为过去时的时候，从句的时态也要用过去的某种时态。如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化。The teacher said t

16、hat the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 当宾语从句的引导词是who, which, what, when, where, how, why等表疑问，且句中含有do you think/believe等时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首。Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell yo

17、u     A. if; Whether     B. whether; Whether       C. if; That     D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow.     A. when does he come       B. how will he c

18、ome   C. if he comes        D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?     A. how did he mend    B. what did he mend    C. how he mended       D.

19、what he mended4. I want to know _.    A. whom is she looking after        B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking      D. whom she is looking after5. The small children don't know _.     A. what is th

20、eir stockings in         B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in       D. what in their stockings10. I can't understand _.     A. what does Christmas mean      B. wh

21、at Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does      D. what Christmas means 11. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are12. I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who13. They don't kno

22、w   _ their parents are. A. that B. what C. why D. which14. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 15. I don't know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. （杭州市） A.

23、 why B. when C. how D. where 16. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 17. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. （重庆市） A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 18. He asked me_ I was sure my mother_.A

24、. if; will come B. if; would come C. that; will come D. that; would come19. W here do you think _ he _ the computer? Sorry, I have no idea. A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 20. Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sur