初三Unit知识点讲解和练习

1、UNIT 6难点讲解:1.词形变化:1. invent v. 发明 n. invention 发明 inventor 发明者 V. + or = n. 这样的动词有： act , collect , visit , operate , translate 2. accident n. 事故 adj. accidental 意外的，偶然的 3.smell v. 闻到pt. / pp. smelt 4. nation n. 国家，民族 adj. national 国家的5.translate v. 翻译 n. translation 翻译 translator 翻译， 翻译者 6.sudden a

2、dj. 突然的adv. suddenly 突然地 7.music n. 音乐adj. Musical活学活用:1. I go jogging for twenty minutes as my (day) exercise.2. The white building was once used as a home for the (rule) of the area.3. It is really my (please) to have a chance to work with you.4. Easter is not a (nation) holiday in China or Japan.

3、5. Jennys very (music) and loves to sing.2. such adj. 如此的， 这样的， 用来修饰名词。常用结构为： such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 =so + adj. + a / an + 单数可数名词 This is such a nice horse . 这是一匹如此好的马。 = such + adj. + 复数可数名词 There are such good books in the library . such + adj. + 不可数名词 She has made such great progress in th

4、e exam . 3. pleased adj. 高兴的，满意的 be pleased with 对高兴 / 满意 I am pleased with your answer . 我对你的回答很满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，用来形容物的。Its a pleasant vacation . 这是一次令人愉快的假期。 pleasure n. 高兴， 乐趣 ， 愉快 With pleasure 非常愿意， 用来慷慨应允别人的请求的。 My pleasure . 不客气，很乐意效劳 ，对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答 Thank you for your help . My pleasu

5、re . Will you come with me ? With pleasure .根据句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。1. I had a _ time. 2. He will be _ to help you. 3. Reading gives me great _.4. It gives me _to see you looking happy.5. We spent a _ day in the country.4. be used for 用来做此短语中的for是介词，表示用途，后接名词或动词-ing形式。be used as 意为“被用作”，介

6、词as表示“作为”，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。Eg: English is used as the second language in many countries. 英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使用。be used by 意为“被使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者（宾语）。Tractors are used by the farmers. 农民使用拖拉机。1. 在中国英语作为外语来使用。_2.教师用粉笔。_3.毛衣是用来保暖的。_5.remain (v.) 保持；剩余；残余remain意为“停留，留下”, 相当于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there

7、，但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。6. invent v. 发明 ， 创造 ， 主要指发明一种世上原本不存在的东西，如点灯、收音机 、汽车等。 discover是“发现”的意思，是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现，如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。create指有目的地把原料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存

8、在的或与众不同的事物。Man creates himself. 人类创造了自己。A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小说家塑造人物并设计情节。 根据语境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空，完成句子。1.When _ the stream engine（蒸汽机） _? 2. I cant _ my bike, Im looking for it. 3. Scientists are now trying to _ if this is possible. 4. Do you know who_ the pla

9、ne？5. He _quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.9. advise v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth . 建议某人做某事I advise you not to miss the early bus . 我建议你不要错过早班车。 n. advice 不可数名词 建议 give sb. some advice on 给某人提有关的建议 Unit 7: 【知识点解析】1. allow动词，“允许;准许” 1) allow sb. sth，允许某人做某事。 2) allow sth允许做某事。 3) be s

10、th.被允许做某事。2. Im worried about their safety. 我担心他们的安全。 be about 为.担心，与 about 同义 Mothers are always worried about their children. =Mothers always their children. 妈妈们总是为她们的孩子担心。 safety不可数名词，意为“安全;安全性”，其反义词是danger For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane. 为了你自身的安全，请不要在飞机上吸烟。3. part-time

11、形容词，“兼职的”， 其反义词是full-time，“全职的”， have part-time jobs 做兼职工作4. get their ears pierced “扎耳洞” “get sth.十过去分词”：使某事被做，其中过去分词表示的动作往往是别人做的，与句子的主语无关。区别：被动结构 I got my car . 我让人修理了我的车。 When are you going to get your hair ? 你打算什么时候去理发?类似用法的词： Have sth. +过去分词 I have my hair _. 我把我头发剪了。5. excite，excited，exciting意

12、思及用法的区别 excite 动词，意为“（使）兴奋；激发；唤起”，其形容词为excited和exciting。 excited 形容词，表示“兴奋的”，指人、物对.感到兴奋，是（主动地感到）兴奋的 exciting 形容词，表示“令人兴奋的；使人激动的”，指人、事、物本身让人兴奋、激动 试比较：Are you about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？ He told us an story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。 Its nothing to get about. 这没什么可值得激动的。 Ive got an piece

13、of work. 我得到了一份令人兴奋的工作。类推： 物+ 动词 + 人 The book interests me. = 物 + be V-ing to + 人 The book is interesting to me. = 人+ be V-ed 介 + 物 I am interested in the book. 6. bring、take、carry、get、lift 携带、运送 get意为“拿”、“取”指说话人所在地出发，把人或物带回原处，表示动作的往返。Can you get me some water?Please get a doctor at once. Bill is ha

14、ving a cold. lift意为“抬、提、举”，表示把某物从某一低处般到某一高处，动作由低到高。Tom is lifting a basket of apples on to a tractor.The students are lifting the desks on to the second floor.Lift 名词： 7. Regret的用法 regret to do sth. 表示后悔、抱歉去做某事，该事还未发生 regret doing sth. 表示后悔曾经做过某事，该事已经发生了练习： I dont _ her what I thought. A. Regret tel

15、ling B. Regret tell C. Regret to tell D. Regret told相似用法： Forget to do sth. Forget doing sth. Remember to do sth. Remember doing sth. 8. Agree 的用法 (1) agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 (即持同一观点)：I dont agree with you. 我不同意你的意见。 表示 (2) agree to 主要用来表示 We agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。 (3) ag

16、ree on upon主要指 ：We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。后接动名词 (=agree sth)：He agreed on lending (= ) us some money. 他同意借给我们一些钱。Mary agreed on coming = on Monday. 玛丽同意星期一来。9. keep.away from 使远离We must keep teenagers away from drugs.我们必须让青少年远离毒品。 keep sb. from

17、doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 =stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人去做某事10. manage to do sth.准确的意思是：成功地做到（了）某事，是有明确结果的。也就是说 A managed to do sth.=A succeeded in doing sth.Manage 管理，经营，处理I can manage it. 我可以处理。11. Succeed的用法 succeed in + doing sth = 成功做成某事succeed to . 继承(王位等）succeed sb. 继承succeed with sth:在

18、某方面获得成功辨析：succeed, success, successful的区别和用法1) succeed的用法succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接 in doing sth。She succeeded in (passing) the exam.(她考试及格了)。succeed 表示“接替(某人)”，是及物动词，其后无需用介词 after。但它若表示“继承(职位、头衔、财产等)”，则是不及物的，后跟宾语时带介词 to(此时也不用 after)，She succeeded him to the mayoralty.(她

19、接替他担任市长)。2) success的用法success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数的；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数的。His new book was a great success.(他新出版的书获得了巨大成功)。have success in doing sth做某事有结果或效果。What success did you have in finding a new job?(你想找份新工作结果如何?)3) successful的用法The performance was successful.表示成功地做某事，be successful in doing sth，T

20、hey were successful in launching a communication satellite. (他们成功地发射了一颗通讯卫星)。12. much as Much as she likes him, she would never consider marrying him.尽管她喜欢他, 但她并不打算嫁给他。 as much I would do as much for you.我同样为你这样做。活学活用: 1. Im worried about the (safe) of the product.2. When I realized my mistake, I (r

21、egret) not taking my mothers advice.3. Teens should be (educate) to be polite to the elderly.4. (smoke) is not allowed in this area.5. Its hard for me to make a (decide) right now. 【定语从句】 首先要看先行词,如果先行词是指人, 关系代词用 who, that, whom, whose； 如果先行词是指物, 关系代词可用 which 或 that1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语： The boy who is

22、 wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语：I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语：Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语：Ive read the

23、 newspaper that(which) carries the important news.6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语： Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm.7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语： This is the house where we lived last year.注意：只能使用that,不用which 的情况：(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时：All that he said is

24、true. (2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词：This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the people and the thing

25、s he remembered.只能用which，不用that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.I.单项填空。 1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father? -Yes, hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. w

26、hich D. whom 2. Is this the river _I can swim? A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day? A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5.

27、Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who 7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate A. whos B. whose C. that of which. 8. The girl _ is reading under the t

28、ree _my sister. A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was 9. I love places _the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world _ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where we live in D. we live in . 用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。 1. Th

29、e first thing _you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fools Day in the west. 3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _we live in is very old. 5. Didnt you see the man _I talked with just now?课后巩固：一.首字母填空 1. The

30、teacher is listening to the students reading the poem a . 2. I didnt quite catch you. Would you please r the number? 3. Some students look shy at school, but they are very a with their parents. 4. The l takes only 37 seconds to go up from the 5th floor to the 89th. 5. Chinese tennis player Li Na is

31、a by millions of tennis fans all over the world. 6. Though the animal is t in size, it can make a loud sound. 7. Action has been taken to prevent the s of H7N9, so people neednt live in fear. 8. The doctors s that children should not eat too much sugar. 9. Taking an online c is a good way to improve

32、 your cooking skill. 10. The Palace Museum has been open to the p since 1925.11. We laid out our food on the green g and began our picnic.12. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was c in 2006. Building this railway was a long and hard project.13. Drivers will be p by law if they run the red lights.14. Barack

33、Obama was e in Harvard University from 1988 to 1991.15. You can search for information on your phone for free if it has been c to WIFI.短文填空根据短文内容，从方框内选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、连贯。（有两项多余）manage, divide, proud, if, that, how, leaf,fail, you, look, avoid, succeedDear Lucy, We celebrated the Dragon Boat Fe

34、stival last week. And I felt (1) this year because I did something special. I made zongzi with my classmates!On that day, our teacher (2) us into five groups. I had eight helpers in my group, but at first, I still doubted (3) I could finish the task (任务). Before we started, we had watched the teachi

35、ng video. The teacher told us to be careful while working. He told us to (4) spreading rice about. When he said “Try it (5) now!”, I was so nervous. I looked at those reed (芦苇) (6) and rice and had no idea about all this stuff (材料). But I didnt want to lose. I tried my best to think (7) my grandmoth

36、er did it when I was a child. She always made the perfect zongzi for us. Right! “I just need to do what she did,” I told myself. Of course, things were not so easy as I thought. I (8) a few times. Jimmy laughed at me when he saw my ugly (丑陋的) zongzi. Hard work paid off. I (9) to make my own zongzi!

37、It was small, but it (10) nice. It encouraged everyone in my team! Finally, we made seven zongzi and won the game.Yours, Li Hong二. 短文填空。用下面方框中单词的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。将答案按编号依次填入下方表格内。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）student, jump, almost, also, crazy, piano, ticket, musical, European, crowd, that, clothes

38、When I was at university, every night there was at least one concert and sometimes two or three. 1 every band was a rock band. Most of the bands were not well-known and some came from 2 or the US. The venues (会场) were small, so the 3 were very cheap. This meant my friends and I could go to see a ban

39、d whenever we wanted to.The venues were full of 4. Everyone went pretty 5. Most people drank beer and sang along with the band. The rooms were 6, noisy and smelly. People 7 up and down with the music and knocked into (撞上) each other. After the concerts, band members and their friends would stand out

40、side selling T-shirts or CDs. After three years of university, half of my dresses were made up of clothes from 8 concerts. Many of my friends were 9 in bands or wanted to be one of the members. Many famous bands were started at university by students who shared a passion (激情) for 10. Even Tony Blair

41、 was in a band at Oxford University.单项选择 一： ( )1. In China, no one is allowed to drive a car without drivers license. Its just same in our country. A. /; the B. a; the C. a; a D. /; a( )2. Excuse me, sir. But your bike gets the way of my car. Sorry. I didnt see your car. A. in B. at C. on D. inside(

42、 )3. I am afraid the room is for us to live in. Yes, it is. But lets make do (将就) with it. A. too large B. large enough C. too tiny D. tiny enough( )4. Grandpa said Transformer 4 was . I am not surprised. Its not a movie for the old. A. wonderful B. exciting C. awful D. interesting ( )5. Do you have

43、 to take some art lessons on Saturday? Yes. I have no . I dont want my parents to be angry.A. idea B. chance C. reason D. choice( )6. Do you need a helping hand with the job? I can it. Thanks anyway. A. manage B. supportC. encourage D. refuse ( )7. My bike is broken. What should I do? You can get it

44、 in that bike shop. A. repairB. repaired C. repairsD. to repair( )8. the Heats the NBA finals this year? Yes. But they lost the champion. A. Has; entered B. Has; entered into C. Did; enter D. Did; enter into( )9. How I regret when my father told me not to play computer games! Youd better say sorry t

45、o him.A. talked back B. talking back C. to talk back D. to talking back( )10. Do you mean you will join the club? Yes, I am it.A. nervous about B. tired of C. careful with D. serious about( )11. must the machine be checked? It needs checking every month. A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How s

46、oon( )12. Students be allowed to use mobile phones at school. I agree. Phones can bring troubles. A. shouldntB. wouldnt C. might D. need( )13. Why most stars in the daytime? Because the sun is too bright.A. cant; see B. cant; be seen C. werent; see D. werent; seen( )14. Do you agree that students sh

47、ould be made some housework at home? I cant agree more. It can help them grow up. A. to doB. do C. doingD. to doing( )15. Mom, would you allow me to swim in the lake? . The lake is so large and deep. A. Not at all B. No problem C. Never mind D. No way单项选择二 ( )5. boy from Greece is honest boy. A. The

48、; a B. The; an C. A; the( )6. My 3-year-old cousin dances music as soon as he listens to it.A. in B. to C. for( )7. Mom, Im very hungry now! You can have some first. A. juiceB. biscuitsC. relish( )8. Dont be worried. The competition isnt very difficult. You can do it well. Oh, I hope everything goes

49、 well. A. itself B. myself C. yourself( )9. Peter is dishonest. he says, nobody will believe him. A. However B. Whenever C. Whatever ( )10. Therell be some famous pictures in the museum this Sunday. Lets go and have a look. A. on holiday B. on vacation C. on display( )11. Do you like rock music? No,

50、 not at all. I like music really gentle. A. thats B. that areC. who is( )12. Your parents have given you much help, they were very busy. A. because B. what if C. though( )13. I dont think the coat you fine. You look more attractive in red. A. costs B. suits C. misses ( )14. The gift Bob bought for h

51、is mother yesterday was very special. A. what B. /C. who ( )15. Over the years, Mr Li lots of photos for some magazines. A. took B. has taken C. would take( )16. Have you ever visited Germany? . But I expect to go there again.A. Perhaps B. Yes, I have C. I dont know( )17. Its too hot. I want to eat a lot of ice cream. You can eat just a litt