河南中医学院河南中医学院

1、河南中医学院 2006至 2007学年第一学期英汉、汉英翻译试题（满分60分）（供2004级英语专业本科生使用）学号： 姓名： 座号： 系别： 年级： 专业： 题号一二总计得分 总分合计人： 复核人： 得分评卷人Part One: English-Chinese Translation（Time: 60 minutes）Directions: Please translate the following passage into Chinese, and write your translation on the lines beneath the passage. The total sco

2、re is 30.Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her childs hastily made table as “Perfect!” even though it wobbles on uneven legs. Another way is to shift blame. If J

3、ohn fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid. The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time, and that its possible to enjoy a game even whe

4、n you dont win. A child whos not invited to a birthday party, who doesnt make the honor roll or the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation prize or say, “It doesnt matter” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment an

5、d be helped to master it. Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts adults and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?” Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you c

6、an improve. If someone can help, dont be shy about inquiring.Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure tha

7、t seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. Chinese Translation:_得分评卷人Part Two: Chinese-English Translation（Time: 60 minutes）Directions: Please translate the following passage into English, and write your translation on the lines beneath the passage. The total score is 30.从7

8、0年代末期以来，中国的高等教育有了长足的发展。高等学校在中国的教育和科研工作中发挥着重要作用。目前中国已经建成各类高校2000多所，全国每10万人中有380人是在校大学生。其他方面如职业教育、成人教育以及少数民族教育也都有迅速发展。当然，中国教育事业在发展的同时还存在着各种隐忧。一方面中国政府承担着全世界最大规模的教育事业（全国1000万名教师承担着培养各级各类学校2.2亿学生的重任。仅学生的人数就相当于美国全国人口总数。），而另一方面教育投入不足，教师待遇偏低，教师队伍不稳定，教育的质量有待提高。这些都是中国走向21世纪之际，教育面临的严峻挑战。English Translation:_20

9、04级翻译A卷标准答案及评分标准（按试题顺序排列）Part One: English-Chinese Translation多数父母竭尽全力要么防止孩子的失败，要么为了保护他们的孩子，不让他们知道自己的失败。他们采用的一种方法是降低标准。一位母亲会把她孩子手忙脚乱摆放的桌子说成“十全十美”，即使桌子腿不平，摇摇晃晃。另一种方法是嫁祸于人。如果约翰的科学课不及格，那他的老师肯定不公平或者愚笨。这些防止失败的手段所产生的问题是：这些手段使孩子对现实世界的生活毫无准备。年轻人需要明白：没有谁能各个方面都出类拔萃，没有谁是常胜将军。参加一场游戏，即使赢不了，也可能获得快乐。一个孩子没有受到邀请去参加生

10、日晚会，没有上光荣榜或没有能够参加棒球队，他当然觉得很痛苦。然而，父母不能立刻安慰他或告诉他“没关系”，因为这一切对他很有关系。要让年轻人经历失望还要帮助他们承受下来。失败永远不会令人愉快。它伤害成年人也伤害孩子。可是一旦你学会了如何对待它，它就会对你的生活产生积极作用。第一步要问一问：“我为何失败？”抵住责怪他人的自然冲动，问问自己到底哪里做错了？如何去改进？如果有其他人能帮上忙，不必难为情不敢问。 成功会鼓励人们再次去做原先所做之事，但不像失败那样是位好老师。一次糟糕的晚会会使人学会下次如何举办一个好的晚会。第一次房子没有挑好，可让人学会如何选好第二所房子。即使看来肯定要失败，这也能激发一

11、个人的新见解，改变一下思路。评分标准：本题共30分。1能够运用一般翻译策略和技巧，进行双语互译。（5分）2译文忠实原文，无明显错译、漏译。（15分）3译文通顺，用词正确。（5分）4译文无明显语法错误。（5分）Part Two: Chinese-English TranslationSince the end of the1970s, Chinas higher education has enjoyed great advances. Institutions of higher learning play an important role in Chinas education and s

12、cientific research. 380 people out of every 100,000 citizens in mainland China are receiving a college education at more than 2,000 colleges and universities. Vocational training, adult education and the availability of schooling for Chinas ethnic minorities have also developed rapidly. Along with s

13、uch rapid development in Chinas education, new problems have come to the fore. In one aspect, Chinese government undertakes the education of the worlds largest population. (10 million teachers have to bear the responsibility of educating 220 million students on all levels of education across the country. This is a student body as large as the population of the United States). In the other aspect, the input for education is woefully inadequate; there are problems of low salaries, a scarcity of benefits, and the instability of the educational force; and