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1、精品桥梁常用单词3.下部结构 : SubstructureT 梁: T-Girder(Beam)一、结构物名称:桩帽: Pile cap预制钢筋砼 T 梁: Precast RCC. T( 1 ).结构物: Construction钢筋砼桩基承台:girder桥梁: BridgeReinforced cement concrete横隔板梁: Intermediate跨线桥: Flyoverpile capgirder/Beam铁路桥:桩头: Pile-head边梁 :End girder(Beam)R.O.B. (Railway over bridge)桩式桥台: Pile abutment中
2、隔板 :Intermediate Cross beam小桥: Minor bridge桥台 :Abutment边隔板: End Cross beam拱桥: Arched bridge台帽: Abutment cap桥面板: Deck slab地下通道: Underpass桥墩: Pier现浇板: Cast in situ slab人行天桥: Foot bridge圆柱: Column防撞护栏: Crash barrier (人行道 )天桥: Overpass墩帽: Pier cap护栏: Railing;便桥 :Auxiliary bridge;侧墙 (迂回墙 )Return wall磨耗层:
3、 Wearing coat1.垫层 Bedding/Cushion翼墙: Wing wall实心板 Solid slab垫层砼: Bedding Concrete墙: Wall空心板: Voided slab砂垫层: Sand bed/cushion加筋挡土墙: Retaining wall预应力 Pre-stressing Work;2.基础: Foundation加筋土挡墙: (Reinforced earth)压浆 Grouting ;扩大 / 明挖基础:wall现浇预应力箱梁Open foundation支座垫石: PedestalPSC Box Girder桩: Pile支座: Be
4、aring桩基础: Pile foundation橡胶支座: elastomeric bearing钢筋砼钻孔灌注桩:背墙: Dirt wall (Back wall)钢管栏杆: Pipe handrailReinforced concrete bored pile4.上部结构: Superstructure桥头搭板: Approach slab感谢下载载精品泄水孔 Drainage spouts水沟: Drain换填: Exchange ( Replace )收集井: collection pit边沟: Side Drain填石: Rock fill( 2 ).涵洞: Culvert中央水沟
5、: Median Drain石屑 chip ;管涵: Pipe culvert开口沟,明沟: Open drain片石; chip stone板函: Slab culvert钢筋砼沟: RCC drain料石: chipped stone箱函: Box culvert砌石沟: Masonry drain钢筋: Steel bar/Reinforcement倒虹吸: Inverted culvert石笼: Gabion箍筋 stirrup集水井: Storm water石笼铁丝网 Gabion mesh弯沟 :hookmanhole(Catch pit)河道防护: River training下
6、料 ;Cut检查井: Manhole地下排水沟: Subsoil drain弯曲: bend端墙: Head wall流水面高程 (管道内底高程 )Invert绑扎: bind底板: Bottom slablevel绑丝: binding wire顶板: Top slab保护层: Cover /protection帽石: Caplayer/protection coat裙墙: Apron净保护层: Clear cover底墙(坡脚墙) : Toe wall保护层垫块: Cover block截水墙 (幕墙 ): Curtain wall焊接: weld( jointing)铺砌: Pitchi
7、ng二、工艺及其相关焊缝 :joint ;砌石护坡: Stone Pitching检查,视察: Check/Inspect焊剂 welding flux干砌石(乱石堆) Rip-rap测量: Survey焊条 welding rod石墙: Stone masonry wall检查申请: RFI. (Request for焊丝 welding wire ;护墙 (矮墙 )Parapetinspection)钢筋下料表: BBS.(Bar bending( 3 )水系:(6 )开挖: Excavateschedule)感谢下载载精品钢筋笼: Reinforcing cage模板加固: Fixed
8、form麻面 pockmark ;钢筋网: Reinforcing mesh模板拆除 Removal of formwork露筋 reveal of reinforcement;搭接: Lap砼: Concrete干缩 shrinkage钢筋搭接: Splicing of bars钢筋砼: Reinforced concrete干缩裂缝 Contraction crack钢筋接头 :Joint of reinforcement素砼: Plain concrete抗渗砼 watertight concrete;钢筋间距 :spacing of bars片石砼: Rubble concrete坍落
9、度 slump ;钢板 :steel plate浇注砼: Cast concrete/Placing终凝时间 final setting time;骨架 skeletonconcrete凝结时间 setting time;钢丝刷 wire brush砼泵: Concrete pump泵 pump ;螺栓 :bolt砼标号: Concrete grade(Class)振动台: Shake table/Vibratory(钢结构 )螺栓连接 :bolted养护: Curingtableconnection水下砼用导管: Tremie振动器 vibrator ;模板: Formwork/Shutte
10、r砼保护层: Concrete cover胶囊: Balloon木模板: timber formwork砼拌合站: Concrete mixing不均匀沉降 non-uniformplant/Concrete batching plantdistribution振动器 vibrator;附着式模板振动器:External钢模板: Steel Formworkpneumatic vibrator沉降缝 settlement joint:脚手架: Scaffold/ False离析 segregation or loss of its伸缩缝 (接头 )Expansionwork/Stayingco
11、nstituent materials;joint(Gap)/胶合板 :plywood溜槽 chute ;伸缩缝: Contraction joint木楔 :chock蜂窝 honeycomb spot施工缝: Construction joint模板支设 :Erection ;裂缝 crack/fissure;密封条形伸缩缝 Strip Seal感谢下载载精品expansion joint ;数量: Nos.2.技工: Skilled labour水泥 cement吨: Tonne焊工 weldor水泥砂浆 cement mortar公斤: Kilogramme钢筋工: Fitter /St
12、eel fixer砂浆 mortar克: Gramme木工: Carpenter石灰: lime ;木钉 peg ;砼工:Concrete gang / Concretor水准仪: Level machine铁钉: nail瓦工 / 砌石工: Stone mason全站仪: Total station沥青纸: Tar paper电工: Electrician全球定位系统: GPS. (Global水泥罐 bulk storage爆破工: Blasterposition system)containers/silo管工: Rigger/Pipe layer台背回填: Backfill锤子: Ha
13、mmer警卫、门卫: Watchman施工荷载: Construction load钢卷尺 steel tape打桩操作手: Piling rig operator施工图: Working铁锨 shovel/spade小型设备操作手: Light plantdrawing/Working shopoperator毫米: Millimeter重型设备操作手: Heavy plant厘米 Centimeteroperator米: Meter三、工种:公里: Kilometer人工: manpower;桩号: Chainage工人: worker s ;英寸: Inch工头,领班: forman/
14、Worker英尺: Footganger英里: Mile1.小工(体力劳动者) : Unskilled平方米: Square meterlabour立方米: Cubic meter壮工: labour感谢下载载精品下部结构 substructure防震挡块 anti-knock block, restrain block桥墩 pier墩身 pier body桥台 abutment墩帽 pier cap, pier coping台身 abutment body台帽 abutment cap, abutment coping前墙 front wall盖梁 bent cap又称 “胸墙 ”。又称 “
15、帽梁 ”。翼墙 wing wall重力式 桥 墩 gravity pier又称 “耳墙 ”。实体 桥 墩 solid pierU 形桥台 U-abutment空心 桥 墩 hollow pier八字形桥台flare wing-walled abutment柱式 桥 墩 column pier, shaft pier一字形桥台head wall abutment单柱式 桥 墩 single-columned pier, single shaftT 形桥台 T-abutmentpier箱形桥台 box type abutment双柱式 桥 墩 two-columned pier, two shaf
16、t pier拱形桥台 arched abutment排架桩墩pile-bent pier重力式桥台gravity abutment丫形 桥 墩 Y-shaped pier埋置式桥台buried abutment柔性墩 flexible pier扶壁式桥台counterfort abutment, buttressed制动墩 braking pier, abutment pierabutment单向推力墩 single direction thrusted pier衡重式桥台weight-balanced abutment抗撞墩 anti-collision pier锚碇板式桥台anchored
17、 bulkhead abutment锚墩 anchor pier支撑式桥台supported type abutment辅助墩 auxiliary pier又称 “轻型桥台 ”。破冰体 ice apron组合式桥台composite abutment感谢下载载精品 桥 台后回填 back filling behind abutment预制桩 precast pile桥梁基础 bridge foundation钢筋 混凝土桩 concrete pile浅基础 shallow foundation预应力混凝土桩 prestressed concrete pile深基础 deep foundatio
18、n木桩 timber pile明挖基础 open cut foundation钢桩 steel pile扩大基础 spread foundation钢管桩 steel pipe pile沉井基础 open caisson foundation混凝土管桩concrete pipe pile沉井刃脚 caisson cutting edge钻孔桩 bored pile气压沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation就地灌注桩cast-in-situ pile管柱基础 colonnade foundation沉管灌注桩tube-sinking cast-in-situ pile
19、双壁钢围堰钻孔桩基础double-walled steel板桩 sheet pilecofferdam and bored pile foundation微型桩 mini-pile墩式基础 pier-foundation又称 “小型桩 ”。桩基础 pile foundation扩底桩 under-reamed pile排架桩基础 pile-bent foundation支挡桩 soldier pile高承台桩基础 high-rise platform pile foundation抗滑桩 anti-slide pile桩 pile排土桩 displacement pile单桩 individu
20、al pile, single pile非排土桩 non-displacement pile群桩 pile group摩擦桩 friction pile又称 “桩群 ”。支承桩 bearing pile斜桩 battered pile, raked pile嵌岩桩 socketed pile锚桩 anchor pile挖孔桩 cast-in-situ pile by excavation主桩 key pile打入桩 driven pile感谢下载载精品承台 bearing platform, pile cap桥梁方案设计bridge conceptual design灌浆截水墙grouted
21、cut-off wall桥梁结构设计bridge structure design灌浆帷幕grouted curtain桥梁细部设计bridge detail design地下连续墙 continuous slurry wall, diaphragm wall荷载 load支座 bearing实用荷载 service load固定支座 fixed bearing施工荷载 construction load活动支座 expansion bearing, movable bearing开裂荷载 cracking load合成橡胶支座elastomeric pad bearing疲劳荷载 fatig
22、ue load板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing容许荷载 allowable load盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing破坏荷载 failure load聚四氟乙烯支座polytetrafluoroethylene bearing,桥梁试运行荷载 test run loading for bridgePTFE bearing静载 static load铅橡胶支座lead-rubber bearing动载 dynamic load滚轴支座 roller bearing活载 live load摆式支座 rocker bearing恒载 dead load平板
23、支座plate bearing永久荷载 permanent load球形支座 spherical bearing可变荷载 variable load垫块支座 pad bearing偶然荷载 accidental load活动伸缩缝支座sliding expansion bearing非常荷载 abnormal load伸缩滚轴 expansion roller环境荷载 environmental load拉压支座tension-compression bearing均布荷载 uniform load,distributed load铰式支座 knuckle bearing等代均布荷载 equi
24、valent uniform distributed load桥梁设计bridge design集中荷载 concentrated load感谢下载载精品车道荷载lane loadbridge人群荷载pedestrian load桥梁极限状态设计 limit state design of bridge风荷载 wind load桥梁承载能力极限状态ultimate limit state of地震荷载 earthquake load,seismic forcebridge carrying capacity又称 “地震力 ”。桥梁使用能力极限状态serviceability limit sta
25、te of离心力 centrifugal forcebridge冲击力 impact force桥梁荷载系数设计法 load factor design method of制动力 braking forcebridge船舶撞击力ship collision force桥梁概率极限状态设计法probabilistic limit state土压力 earth pressuredesign method of bridge冰压力 ice pressure桥梁优化设计 optimum design of bridge流水压力 flowing water pressure桥梁结构可靠度 reliabi
26、lity of bridge structure浮力 buoyancy可靠度基准期reliability datum period下拉荷载 downdrag, negative friction of pile地震危险性分析seismic risk analysis又称 “桩负摩擦力 ”。桥梁抗震设计 aseismatic design of bridge拱推力 arch thrust桥梁抗震稳定性 aseismatic stability of bridge基础隆胀力 heave force of foundation地震基本烈度basic earthquake intensity临界压曲荷
27、载 critical buckling load设计烈度 design intensity of earthquake屈服破坏荷载 failure load by buckling地震震级 earthquake magnitude荷载组合loading combinations地震加速度 seismic acceleration荷载效应load effect疲劳设计 fatigue design标准车辆荷载 standard truck loading桥头回填设计 bridge end backfilling design桥梁容许应力设计 allowable stress design of桥
28、梁平面结构 plane structure for bridge感谢下载载精品桥梁空间结构 space structure for bridge又称 “梁腋 ”。静定桥梁结构statically determinate bridge托架 bracketstructure俗称 “牛腿 ”。超静定桥梁结构statically indeterminate bridge结点板 gusset platestructure又称 “节点板 ”。结构体系转换structure system transform剪力键 shear key结构完整性structural integrity横系杆 lateral b
29、racing安全系数 safety factor风嘴 wind fairing冲击系数impact factor伸缩板 expansion plate又称 “动力系数 ”。应力集中 stress concentration荷载系数load factor应力腐蚀 stress corrosion膨胀系数coefficient of expansion热应力 thermal stress构件 member, element又称 “温差应力 ”。又称 “杆件 ”。支撑应力 bearing stress节间 panel组合应力 combined stress梁腹 web容许应力 allowable s
30、tress又称 “腹板 ”。又称 “许用应力 ”。翼缘 flange极限应力 ultimate stress又称 “法兰 ”。稳定性 stability加劲杆 stiffener刚度 rigidity, stiffness又称 “加劲肋 ”。位移 displacement加劲梁 stiffening girder挠度 deflection加劲腋 haunch力矩 moment, bending moment感谢下载载精品又称 “弯矩 ”。荷载横向分布 transverse distribution of load剪力 shear杠杆原理法lever principle method双力矩 bi
31、-moment偏心受压法eccentric compression method力矩分配法moment distribution method刚性横梁法 rigid cross beam method又称 “弯矩分配法 ”。铰接梁法 hinge connected beam method力矩包络线moment envelope刚接梁法 rigid connected beam method剪力分布 shear distribution弹性梁支承法 elastic supported beam method剪力滞后 shear lag准正交各向异性板法 quasi-orthotropic sla
32、b又称 “剪滞 ”。method影响线 influence lineG M 法 Guyon-Massonet method影响面积influence area抗风稳定性wind resisting stability压曲 buckling空气动力稳定性 aerodynamic stability又称 “压屈 ”。风压分布图 wind pressure distribution graph扭曲 distortion临界风速 critical wind speed又称 “畸变 ”。温度梯度thermal gradient翘曲 warp温差 temperature difference颤振 flut
33、ter年均温差 annual mean temperature difference驰振 galloping连拱作用 continuous arch effect抖振 buffeting土 - 结构共同作用 soil-structure interaction又称 “击振 ”。桥梁承载能力 load carrying capacity of bridge涡流效应vortex shedding effect桥梁耐久性bridge durability风致摆动wind induced oscillation地基承载力 bearing capacity of subsoil挠度横向分布 transv
34、erse distribution of deflection单桩承载力 bearing capacity of pile感谢下载载精品抗裂性 crack resistanceconcrete裂缝控制crack control体内预应力prestressing with bond裂缝宽度限值 limit of crack opening体外预应力external prestressing裂缝分布图crack pattern预弯法预应力 prestressing without tendon by疲劳限度 fatigue limitpre-bending磨损限值 wear allowance复传
35、力法预应力 prestressing by subsequent bond又称 “容许磨耗 ”。压拉双作用预应力prestressing with subsequent使用状态挠度限值 deflection limit for serviceabilitycompression and tension结构延展性structure ductility后张自锚法预应力self-anchored post tensioning桥梁破损bridge failureprestressing桥梁破坏bridge collapse双向预应力two-dimension prestressing毁灭性破坏cat
36、astrophic collapse三向预应力three-dimension prestressing钢筋锈蚀 steel-bar corrosion非预应力钢筋non-prestressed reinforcement桥梁计算机辅助设计 computer aided design for粘结的预应力筋 bonded tendonbridge, CAD for bridge消除粘结的预应力筋debonded tendon格构比拟grillage analogy无粘结的预应力筋non-bonded tendon预应力度degree of prestressing预应力损失loss of pres
37、tress全预应力混凝土fully prestressed concrete管道摩擦损失 loss due to duct friction部分预应力混凝土partially prestressed concrete锚具变形损失 loss due to anchorage deformation有限预应力混凝土limited prestressed concrete锚具温差损失 loss due to anchorage temperatureA 类部分预应力混凝土 type A partially prestresseddifferenceconcrete混凝土收缩损失 loss due to concrete shrinkageB 类部分预应力混凝土 type B partially prestressed混凝土弹性压缩损失loss due to elastic感谢下载载精品compression of concreteOVM锚具oriental cone anchorage混凝土徐变损失creep loss of concrete东方( orient )公司与郴州厂研制的锥形二夹片式钢筋预应力松弛损失loss due to tendon relaxation锚具。杆件缩短损失loss due to concrete memberJ M 1 2型锚
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