高中英语~倒装句讲解资料

1、.倒装句讲解资料一、语 序在英语中，一般常见的语序为“主语+谓语+宾语，此语序与汉语根本一样，但定语在句子的位置，中文和英文略有差异，下面举例说明：1、 定语的语序1当定语是单词或动词ing 形式时，在英语中多将定语放在被修饰的前面，与汉语一样。 例：He is a naughty boy. 形容词2当定语是短语或定语从句时，其中短语包括：介词短语，分词短语，不定式短语，放在修饰词的后面。例： IShe had a basket full of apples 短语II The boy who is sleeping is my little brother. 定语从句IIIThe studen

2、tsin the roomare from Asia.介词短语3当定语是副词或某些过去分词时,放在所修饰词后面。例：I The women here are for you.副词II I like the books written by him.过去分词2、 状语的语序在句子中假如同时有时间状语和地点状语时，先地点后时间：地点状语时间状语，这和汉语中状语的语序不同，汉语是先时间后地点。例：My mother has lunch at the factory at noon.At the airport last night two events take place.I stayed the

3、re for 3 weeks last year.二、倒 装Summary:主语和谓语的顺序分为两种：自然语序：主语+谓语倒装语序：谓语+主语1、 部分倒装和全部倒装我们通常使用的语序是自然语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，但有时谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，即采用倒装语序。倒装的原因，或是语法构造的需要，或是为了强调。A部分倒装 部分倒装是谓语中的一部分如：助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。例：Only in this way can we work at the physics problem.情态动词Never had he had any experien

4、ce like that.助动词Not only is he a singer,but also he is a dancer.系动词B全部倒装 全部倒装是句子中没有助动词，情态动词或系动词be时，要把谓语动词放在主语的前面。例：Here comes the bus.Up went the arrow in to the sky.The door opened and in came a group of soldiers. 例外：这时假如主语是人称代词，那么主谓不倒装。例：Here he comes.Here you are. 给你Here we are. 我们到了 重点：在英语中，从形式上

5、可分为部分倒装和全部倒装，我们为了使于理解，还可以把它分为语法性倒装。这是由于语法上的需要而必须倒装的句子，还有一种是修饰性倒装，顾名思义，这些句子假如不是特意加以强调，可以不必倒装。2、 语法性的倒装A各种疑问句的倒装例：1Are you against the plan?2What do you like best?注意：但假如主语是由一个疑问词表示的或修饰的，语序不变。例：1Who did it? 疑问词who是主语，语序不变仍为主语who+谓语did2How many students in your school joined the army ?分析：主语students由how

6、many修饰，语序不变。Bthere be句型中的倒装 在此句型中，主语总是在谓语之后，无论是在陈述句中还是疑问句中。例：1There were no school or hospitals there before.2Is there any ink in the bottle?C直接引语中的倒装a. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，它的主语说话人和谓语引述动词常要倒装。b. 但当主语是代词或谓语动词含有助动词时，一般不倒装。c. 另外，假如谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，一般也不倒装。例：1“Will you please carry it for you? said the old

7、man2“Please do me a favour, he said.3“He is a liar. You cant trust him. said Tom. 4“I am hungry，she had said.D省略if的虚拟语气条件句中的倒装 If引导的虚拟语气，条件句中如含有助动词were, should和had时，可以使用倒装。句型：were/should/had+主语+ =if+主语+were/should/had当if省略时，助动词were, should和had要倒装到主语前去；而if不省略时，主语和助动词用正常语序。例：1Were you a fish, the cat

8、would eat you.=If you were a fish, the cat would eat you.2Should it rain tomorrow, I shall stay at home.=If it should rain tomorrow, I shall stay at home.3Had you my troubles, you would despair.=If you had my troubles, you would despair.Eso，nor，neither用于句首时的倒装当so，nor，neither用于句首,说明前面一句话中谓语表示的情况也适用于另

9、外一个人或物时，句子要用倒装。含义用法 倒装句型 so也用于肯定句So+behave;助动词或情态动词+主语 nor/neither也不，也没有用于否认句Neither/nor+behave，助动词或情态动词+主语例：1 A: I have had my breakfast. B: So have I.2A: Li Ming can speak three languages. B: So can I.3A: Will you go home this weekend? B: After that we never saw her again.4After that we never saw

10、her again, nor did we hear from her.Fas 引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 形容词名词不带冠词+as+主语+系动词be,主语+动词副词/实义动词 +as+主语+动词，主语+动词句型一：形容词+as+主语+系动词be例：1Young as he is，he knows a lot of things. =Although/though he is young, he knows a lot of things. =He is young but he knows a lot of things.句型二：名词不带冠词+as+主语+系动词be例：1King as he

11、 is，he is unhappy. =Although/though he is a king, he is unhappy. =He is a king, but he is unhappy.2Scientist as she is, she wants to learn more. =Although she is a scientist, she wants to learn more.句型三：副词+as+主语+动词1Much as I like it, I wont buy it.=Although/though I like it much, I wont buy it.=I li

12、ke it much, but I wont buy it.2Fast as you run, you cant catch up with him.句型四：实义动词+as+主语+助动词1Try as she does, she will never find it.=She tries but she will never find it.2Search as they could, they could find no sign of the boy.3修辞性的倒装常考内容 除了语法性倒装之外，有些倒装是由于修辞的原因此采用的，叫做修辞性倒装。A否认词放在句首时的倒装句型：否认词+助动词/

13、be动词+主语 常见放在句首的否认词By no means, in no case, in no way, on no consideration, under no circumstances, in no circumstances 表示决不 barely 简直没有 hardly 几乎不 scarcely 几乎不 never 从不 rarely 很少 little 几乎没有;一点也不seldom 很少 only 只有 not 不，没有notuntil 直到才 nowhere 没有地方，无处 not a bit 一点也不 not onlybut also 不但而且例：1Barely does

14、 he have enough money to live on. =He barely has enough money to live on.2 By no means is translation easy.=Translation is by no means easy.3Little did I think that I would lose the game.=I didnt think at all that I would lose the game.注：这里not at all=little 译为：一点也不在上面表格所列到的否认词中，有几个词是强调两个动作的严密相接，说明如下

15、：a. hardlywhen 一就例：Hardly did he see me when he ran away. =As soon as he saw me, he ran away.b. scarcelywhen 一就例：Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him.c. no soonerthan 一就例：No sooner had they reached home than it rained. =It rained as soon as they reached home.d. not onlybut

16、also 不但而且例：1No only did I make a promise, but I also kept it. =I not only made a promise, but alsoI kept it. 2Not only is he a scientist, but also he is a painter.B副词短语放在句首时的倒装以here, then, now, thus, such, there, so, only , no longer, out, in, up, down, away等副词短语为首的句子中，要倒装以表示特别强调的语气。例:1Then came the

17、 time we had been looking for ward to.=The time we had been looking forward to came then.2 Summer begins in June. Then come July and August.=Summer begins in June, July and August came then.3 Out rushed the boy.4 Here are some ideas which will help you to over come the difficulties.5 比较： He was very

18、 angry. He didnt say a word. He was very angry. Not a word did he say.6比较： I shall never be late for school. Never again shall I be late for school.Conly+副词在句首时的倒装Only+副词/副词短语/状语从句+助动词/be+主语例：1Only then did I realize I made such a big mistake.I realized I made such a big mistake only then.2 Only in this way can you worked it out.3 Only when one loses health does one know its value.4 Only when he got home did he kn