第20讲：语言功能—词汇总复习—阅读综合训练（5） 牛津上海版英语九年级暑假讲义

1、专业 引领 共成长初三英语暑假班（教师版）教师日期学生课程编号20课型专题课题语言功能+词汇总复习+阅读综合训练（5）教学目标1) 掌握 48 个功能意念；2) 掌握中考词形变化与构词法；3) 阅读综合训练（5）；4) 听力训练 L18：Review教学重点1) 48 个功能意念2) 阅读综合教学安排版块时长1语言功能2词汇总复习4阅读综合训练（5）5听力6总结7作业布置22 / 32语言功能+词汇总复习+阅读综合训练(5)初三英语暑假班课程1.语法：语言功能Presentation1. Ability and inability 能够与不能够我们常用 can, be able to 等来表示

2、具有某件事的能力1) - Can you make a cake?- Yes, I can do that.2) - When will people be able to live on the moon?- Sooner or later.我们用 cant, not be able to 等来表示不具备做某件事的能力1) - Can you reach the shelf?- No, I cant. Im too short.2) - I couldnt work it out. It was too difficult.- Neither could I.3) - Has Mary bo

3、ught a new car?- No. She has never been able to save money.2. Advice 劝告我们用 Youd better/Youd better not, I think you should等来表示劝告人做某事或劝告某人不要做某事。接受别人的忠告时，我们通常用 Yes, I will./OK./All right./I will take your advice./Thank you for your advice.等1) - I feel tired.- Youd better have a rest.2) - Ive got tooth

4、ache today.- Youd better not eat so many sweets.- All right.3) - Mum, I got a C for English.- I think you should study hard instead of playing computer games all the time.- OK. I will take your advice.3. Agreement and disagreement 同意与不同意表示同意别人的观点时，我们说 I think so, too.或 Yes, I agree.等1) - The footbal

5、l match is very exciting.- I think so, too.2) - Smoking is harmful to our health.- Yes, I agree.不同意别人的观点时，我们可以说 I dont think so./ Im afraid I dont quite agree with you. /Im afraid it isnt. /Im afraid you are wrong. 等1) - Boys are cleverer than girls.- Im afraid I cant agree with you.2) - The sun goe

6、s around the earth.- Im afraid you are wrong.3) - Do you think he can pass the exam?- I hope so, but I dont think so.我们还可以用 So 和 Neither 的倒装句或句末的 too 和 either 来回应与说话人所表述的情况相同或不同。1) - I like cartoons.- So do I. /Me too.2) - Betty didnt go to school yesterday.- Neither did Kathy. / Kathy didnt, either

7、.4. Apology 道歉当我们需要表达歉意时，我们说 Im sorry.; 如果表示“我真的很抱歉”，我们可以在 sorry 前用really 或 terribly 修饰。作为应答，我们应该用Thats all right. / Never mind. /It doesnt matter. /Dont worry. 等表示“没关系”。- Ive broken your glass. Im sorry about that.- Thats all right.5. Arguing 争辩我们可以用Wouldnt you agree?或 Dont you think?等来表示争辩的理由，说明自己

8、的观点。 I dont want to argue with you, but dont you think this dress is too formal?He is the best player in our team. Wouldnt you agree?6. Blame 责备我们可以用Why didnt you?或 You shouldnt have done it. 等来表示责备。- Why didnt you come earlier?- Im sorry. My car broke down.7. Boredom 厌烦我们可以用bored，boring 等词表示厌烦。I fe

9、el bored.Its boring/dull.8. Certainty and uncertainty 肯定与不肯定我们可以用be sure 表示肯定，用 must 表示肯定的猜测1) - Are you sure?- Yes, I am.2) - That man must be your father.- You are right.我们可以用 perhaps，maybe，probably，possibly 等词来表示不肯定，用 may 来表示不肯定的猜测。1) - Whom did he go with?- Perhaps he went with John.2) - Where d

10、oes the dialogue probably take place?- Maybe in the library.3) - What may possibly happen next in the story?- The girl may get married to the prince.9. Comparison 比较表示两个人或两个事物进行比较时，我们可以用以下这些方式：than, lessthan, asas, not as/ soas等1) - Im 15 years old.- Im ten years older than you,2) - What do you thin

11、k of their diets?- Lisas diet is less healthy than Ninas.3) - Tom is as tall as Danny.- But he isnt as tall as Wally.10. Complaint 抱怨当我们想表达抱怨时，通常会有一些感叹句、反意疑问句或反问句等表达不满的情绪。1) - What bad weather it is! It has rained since last weekend.- Yes, its the worst week Ive ever had.2) - You dont have to play t

12、he music so loud, do you?- Im sorry.11. Concern 关心当发现别人身体不舒服，我们可以用 Whats wrong with you? /Whats the matter with you? 等来询问。当询问某人身体状况或生活情况，我们可以用How is?等。当询问某人发生了什么事，我们可以用 Whats the matter? /Is anything wrong? 等1) - Whats wrong with you?- I have a stomachache.2) - How is your daughter today?- She is mu

13、ch better. Thanks for asking.3) - You look sad. Whats wrong?- I broke my grandfathers vase.12. Confidence 自信I can do it. 或 I can make it. 等都可以用来表示对自己能完成某事具有信心。Im sure to win.可以用来表示相信自己能取得胜利。13. Congratulations 祝贺我们总是用Congratulations!来表示恭喜别人，应答总是用Thanks. 或Thank you.当别人告诉我们诸如获胜的好消息时，我们可以用 Well done. /

14、 You deserve to win. / Thats wonderful news. 等来表示祝贺。1) - You won 2 million dollars. Congratulations!- Thank you.2) - I won the first prize.- You deserved to win.14. Decision 决定我们可以用I decided to或 Ive made a decision. 等来表示做出来某个决定。15. Delight 高兴happy, glad, pleased 等词都能用来表示喜悦之情。15. Description 描述我们通常用一

15、般现在时描述经常发生的事情或动作。I usually go shopping with my mother. He sometimes plays badminton with me.我们经常用used to 来描述过去经常发生的动作；用一般过去时来描述过去做过的事情。His father used to go to work by bus. Mary visited her aunt last week.我们经常用be going to 来描述即将发生的事情或要做的动作。There is going to be a new film on at the cinema this afterno

16、on. We are going to visit a flower show this Sunday.17. Encouragement. 鼓励我们可以用不同的表达方式鼓励别人： 为别人加油鼓劲时，可以说 Cheer up!鼓励别人不要放弃时，可以说Dont give up!当别人悲观或沮丧时，可以说Thats OK. 或 Look on the bright side.当别人对自己做某件事没信心时，可以说Just try it. 或 You can do anything if you really want to.当别人遭遇失败时，可以说 Have another try. 或 Give

17、 it another try.1) - Im afraid I am not able to pass the test.- Believe yourself! You can make it.2) - Cheer up!- Ill try.3) - I got a C for maths.- Thats OK. Try harder next time.18. Farewell 道别和别人说再见时，我们用 Goodbye. /Bye-bye. /Bye.; 表示“下次见”，我们说 See you. ; 表示“明天见”，我们说 See you tomorrow.; 表示“待会儿见”，我们说

18、See you later.1) - I have to leave. Goodbye.- Bye.2) - See you tomorrow.- See you.3) - See you tomorrow.- See you then.19. Good wishes 祝福想要祝别人好运时，可以说 Good luck. 或 Good luck to you.，其应答是 Thank you.想要祝愿对方玩得高兴时，可以说Have a good time. 或 Enjoy your time there.想要祝愿对方玩得愉快时，可以说Have a nice day/weekend.接受此类祝愿的应

19、答是Thank you./ The same to you./ You too.1) - The contest is going to start in a minute.- Good luck.2) - Have a nice weekend!- Thank you. The same to you.我们还可以用Happy Birthday to you!/Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! 等祝福别人生日快乐或节日快乐。1) - Happy Birthday!- Thank you.2) - Merry Christmas!- Merry Christm

20、as!20. Farewell 道别向别人道谢可以说Thanks./ Thank you.要表达非常感谢，可以说Thank you very much. / Thank you very much indeed. /Thanks a lot.表示“不用谢”的应答句有：You are welcome. /Its a pleasure. / My pleasure. /Not at all. 等- Thank you very much.- Its my pleasure.21. Greetings 问候朋友之间或非正式场合，我们习惯于用Hi!/Hello! 来打招呼。Good morning/a

21、fternoon/evening! 可分别在早上或下午、下午和晚上用来问好。初次见面我们常用Nice/Glad to meet/see you.1) - Hello!- Hello!2) - Good afternoon!- Good afternoon!3) - Nice to meet you.- Nice to meet you, too.4) - How are you?- Fine, thanks.5) - Long time no see. Whats new?- Hi! I got married.22. Hesitation 犹豫我们常用以下这些方式表示犹豫、难以做出决定。1)

22、 - Can you tell me which is the way to the nearest hospital?- Well, erIm not quite sure.2) - Which T-shirt would you like to take?- They are both nice. I cant decide which one to choose.3) - Have you decided on the plan for the winter holidays?- Its really a tough job.23. Hope 希望表示实现的可能性很大的希望，我们说 I

23、hope表示实现的可能性较小的希望，我们说 I wish1) - What will you do after you leave the university?- I hope I will go to Britain to study Physics.2) - I wish I could fly.- So do I.24. Identification 识别我们可以用限定词或短语来辨别人和事物。1) My grandmother is old, but your grandmother is older.2) - Is the man over there your English te

24、acher?- Yes, he is.3) - Are these pictures on the desk yours?- No, they are Li Mings.25. Impression 印象我们可以用What do you think of?或 How do you like?来询问对方对某事或某人的印象和看法。1) - What do you think of the Great Wall?- Its magnificent.2) - How do you like the people in Shanghai?- They are very friendly.26. Info

25、rmation 信息我们通常用特殊疑问句来询问具体信息Where do you get the book?How do you go to school every day? Whats your favourite subject?27. Instruction 指示说明制作过程时，我们可以说 First,Next,After that,Finally,等来表示先后顺序。给别人指路时，我们可以用 Go straight ahead./Turn left at the crossroads. /Take the second turning on your right. 等来指明方向。我们还可

26、以用 Put it on/next to/opposite/near/in front of, please 等来指明摆放物体的方位。28. Intention 意图我们通常用一般将来时等表示将来的句子询问对方做某事的意图或打算。1) - What are you going to do tonight?- Im going to watch a movie.2) - Where are you going?- Im going to school.我们可以用I want to或 I would like to来表达自己的意愿。当询问对方是否愿意做某事时，我们用 Would you like

27、to?1) - What would you like to be in the future?- Id like to be a pilot.2) - Would you like to join us?- Yes, Id like to.29. Introduction 介绍两人初次见面时可以用 Im主动介绍自己。当作为介绍人介绍别人认识时，我们可以说This is.或 Id like you to meet当我们被介绍给别人后，常用How do you do?或Nice to meet you.作为问候或应答。1) - Im Shirley. Whats your name?- Im H

28、arry.2) - Simon, Id like you to meet my mother. Mum, this is my friend, Simon.- How do you do?-How do you do?30. Invitation 邀请当邀请别人来参加你的生日宴会等活动时，可以用 Id like to invite you to来表示邀请。当邀请别人和你一起去做某件事时，可以用 Would you like to join us? 或 Would you like to go with me?接受对方邀请的应答是Thank you. Ill be glad to come. 或

29、Thanks. Id love to come.如果表示拒绝对方的邀请，可以说 Id love to, but，这样比较婉转，再说声 Thank you all the same. 以示感谢。1) - Id like to invite you to have dinner with my family tonight.- Thank you. Ill be glad to come.2) - We are going to see a film. Would you like to join us?- Id love to, but I have a lot of homework to d

30、o. Thank you all the same.31. Judgement 邀请我们可以用 must be 来表示对现在事情的判断，而用 must have done 来表示对过去事情的判断。若表示否定的判断，则用 cant be 或者 cant have done。1) - Tony bought a new house with a swimming pool.- It must be very expensive.2) - Where is the newspaper? I cant find it anywhere.- Someone must have taken it.3) -

31、 Isnt Mike at home?- I saw him in the library just now. He cant be at home now.32. Likes and dislikes 喜欢与不喜欢我们用 like 或 enjoy 等表示喜欢某物。1) - I like chicken wings.- Me too.2) - How did you like the film?- I enjoy it very much.表示不喜欢，我们则用 not like, not enjoyat all, would rather等表示。1) - Do you like your jo

32、b?- No, I dont.2) - How did you like the play?- I didnt enjoy it at all.3) - Have some coffee, please.- No, thanks. Id rather have some tea.33. Obligation 义务must, should, have to, ought to 可以用来表示必须做某事，但要注意它们的应答，特别是 Must ?的否定应答是No, you neednt.1) - Must I finish my homework tonight?- Yes, you must. /N

33、o, you neednt.2) - You should obey the traffic rules.- All right.3) - Do I have to go now?- Yes, you do. /No, you dont have to.4) - Grandpa is ill.- We ought to take him to hospital at once.34. Offers 提供主动提供帮助，我们可以说 Can I help you? /What can I do for you? /Let me help you. /Anything I can do to help

34、? 其中，Can I help you?和 What can I do for you?还可以是商店营业员、图书管理员等职员用来为顾客提供服务时所说的话。1) - Can I help you?- Yes, Id like a cup a coffee.2) - Let me help you.- No, thanks. I can manage by myself.3) - What can I do for you?- Id like to buy a pair of shoes.向别人提供食物，我们可以说Would you like?或 Would you like to have?请对

35、方随便吃东西时，我们说 Help yourself to，注意其应答是Thanks.。1) - Would you like some tea?- Yes, please.2) - Would you like to have some steak?- No, thanks.3) - Help yourself to some fish.- Thanks.主动提出帮助对方做某事时，我们可以用 Shall I?/Would you like me to? 或 Let me要注意应答，即如何有礼貌地接受帮助或拒绝帮助。1) - Shall I book a ticket for you?- Yes

36、, please. Thats very kind of you?2) - Would you like me to get a pen?- No, you neednt. Thank you all the same.35. Opinion 观点我们常用 I think或 In my opinion等来表达个人观点- Which is more important, health or wealth?- In my opinion, nothing is more important than health.36. Permission 允许请求对方允许自己做某事时，我们常说 May/Can

37、 I?同意对方请求的应答是 Yes, you may/can. 或 OK./Sure. /Of course./Certainly./ All right.不同意对方的请求时，我们说No, you may not. /Im afraid you cant. /Youd better not.1) - May I borrow your pen?- Yes, of course.2) - Can I watch TV now?- Im afraid you cant. You havent finished your homework yet.我们还可以用Would you mind my (d

38、oing)? 或 Would you mind if I ?来询问对方是否介意自己做某事。表示不介意的应答是 Not at all./ Of course not. /Certainly not. Please go ahead.如果介意，不希望对方这么做，我们说 Im afraid,并给个理由。1) - Would you mind my sitting here?- Of course not.2) - Would you mind if I smoke here?- Youd better not.37. Possibility 可能除了 maybe, perhaps, possibly

39、, probably 等表示可能的词外，seem to 或 be likely to 等都可以表示预测可能发生的事。- It seems to rain.- Yes, and the weather forecast says it is likely to keep raining for the whole week.38. Preference 偏爱当需要表达两者中更偏爱某物时，我们用 prefer(to)或 likebetter(than)当需要表达几者中最喜欢某物时，我们用 likebest, likebetter than any other或 my favourite等1) -

40、Which T-shirt do you prefer, the red one or the green one?- I prefer the red one to the green one.2) - What kind of fruit do you like best?- I like bananas best. They are my favourite fruit.39. Promise 许诺我们可以用以下这些方式表示答应别人做某件事1) - Will you help me if I have any difficulty?- Yes, I will.2) - Will you

41、take care of me all your life?- Yes, I promise.3) - Would you come and pick me up?- OK. Anytime.40. Reasoning 推理may do 可以用来表示对现在所发生事情的推测。may have done 可以用来表示对过去所发生事情的推测。- The ground is wet.- It may have rained.41. Repetition 重复我们常用 Pardon?/I beg your pardon. /Sorry? /Please say that again. /Could yo

42、u please say that again?/ Would you please repeat that? 等来表示要求对方重复所说的话。- My address is Flat 6B, Block 2, 17 Shanxi Road.- I beg your pardon?42. Request 请求请求对方帮忙，我们用Can/Could/Will/Would you help me?或 Pleasefor me.答应帮助对方时，我们说OK./Sure. /Of course. /Certainly. /All right. /No problem. 如果不能帮忙， 我们说 sorry，

43、并给个理由。1) - Could you help me carry the box?- Sure.2) - Please post the letter for me on your way to school.- Sorry, Im not going to school today.我们还可以用Would you mind (doing)?来询问对方是否介意做某事。- Would you mind opening the door?- Not at all.我们用 Can/May I?来表示请求对方同意自己做某事。1) - May I come in?- Yes, please.2) -

44、 Can I join you?- Sure, you are welcome.43. Satisfaction 满意Very good! /Well done! /Thats wonderful! /Fantastic! 等可以用来表示对结果非常满意。be pleased with 或be satisfied with 等可以用来表示“对满意”。44. Suggestions 建议向对方提出建议， 我们可以用： Lets, shall we? / Shall we? /What/How about (doing)?/Why not?/Why dont you/we?/ Id suggest注

45、意应答句的使用，即表示接受或婉拒别人的建议。1) - Lets go for a walk, shall we?- Yes, lets go.2) - Shall we leave now?- OK.3) - How about taking a trip to Suzhou?- Thats a good idea.4) - What would you suggest we do?- Id suggest we go to the beach.5) - Why dont you go to the museum?- I dont feel like it.45. Surprise 惊讶我们常

46、用Really?或Are you kidding?或Amazing!等来表示对所说之事的惊讶之情或不敢相信。- Jill has won the first prize.- Really?46. Warning 警告我们可以用以下这些方式表示警告，提醒对方小心：Be careful! Take care! Look out! Watch out!Mind the steps. /Mind your head.47. Willingness 意愿表达意愿最常用的是 I would like to 或 I would love to。- Would you like to work at the

47、South Pole in the future?- Yes, Id love to.48. Worry 担忧我们常用 Im (a bit) worried about来表达自己对某人或某事的担心。劝告别人不要担心，我们说 Dont worry.或 Take it easy.等PracticeI. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：1. Sorry, Tommy. Ive lost your book. （06 中考） Ive got another copy.A) Youre welcome.B) Thats all right.C) I hope so.D)

48、 Of course not.2. Have a good day, Frank! （07 中考） . The same to you!A) Thank youB) Thats all fightC) Not at all.D) Youre welcome.3. I won the 100-meter race on our sports day. （08 中考） . We are proud of you!A) Thats all rightB) Sorry to hear thatC) CongratulationsD) Id love to4. Youve done a great jo

49、b, Grace. （09 中考） A) Im afraid not.B) Thanks a lot.C) I agree with you.D) Its hard to say.5. Sharon, remember to lock the door before leaving the house. （10 中考） A) OK. I will.B) Yes. please.C) Its hard to say.D) It doesnt matter.6. Im leaving for Canada on a study trip next week. （11 中考） A) Enjoy yo

50、ur timeB) Thats all rightC) Youre welcomeD) Its a pleasure7. Congratulations! Youve got a chance to be an exchange student! （12 中考） .A) Thank you.B) I agree.C) Of course.D) Good luck.8. Tim and I will visit the exhibition this weekend. Would you like to join us? （13 中考） A) Well done.B) Thats right.C

51、) Youre welcome.D) Id love to.9. Well study in different schools next term. Enjoy your time in the new school! （13 中考） .A) Ill take your advice.B) The same to you.C) Congratulations!D) Me too.10. Remember to print on both sides of the paper. （14 中考） A) Me, too.B) Well done.C) Sure. I will.D) Thats a

52、ll right.11. I was just in time to get there for the meeting. Thank you for lending me the bike. （14 中考） A) Thats right.B) Of course not.C) Youre welcome.D) The same to you.12. Dont throw plastic bags towards the animals in the zoo. （15 中考） A) All right.B) My pleasure.C) Not at all.D) Dont mention.1

53、3. You look sad, Betty. Whats the matter with you? （15 中考） A) Ive got the first prize.B) Im sorry to hear that.C) I cant attend the summer camp.D) I dont quite agree with you.14. -Excuse me, where is the Moonlight Hotel?- . Im a stranger myselfA) Sorry, I dont knowB) No, I dont think soC) It doesnt matterD) Thank you all the as me15. -The Art Festival is coming. Were going to watch the play Twelfth Night.- .A) Thats all rightB) Never mindC) Youre welcomeD) Enjoy your time【难度】【答案】1. B2. A3. C4. B5. A 6. A 7. A 8. D9. B10. C11. C12. A13. C14. A15. DHomeworkI. Choose the best a