初中英语比较级最高级讲解

1、绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)少数

2、以-er, -ow, -le结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。或者加more，和most来构成。 gentle(原级) (比较级) (最高级) clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级) narrow(原级) (比较级) (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是改 -y 为i,加上 -er 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)

3、6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级) (比较级) (最高级) difficult (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级good/well-better-bestmany/much-more-most little-less-leastbad/ill-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest old-older,elder-oldest,eldest形容词前如加 less 和 least 则

4、表示"较不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This pic

5、ture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is apple I have e

6、ver met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。一、变化规则；1、规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright ,_; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st：large，_,_; 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy,_,_；以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big，_,_;以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est:clever,_,_; slow,_,_;（2）多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略

7、the. (3) 部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：favourite round 2、不规则变化： good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever ,old, far 二、形容词各等级的用法：1.原级（同级）比较：asas; not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(so)active in sports as before. （1）“A+as+形容词原级+

8、as+B”He  is  as  tall  as  me.他和我一样高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。（2） 否定句中的结构：“Anot+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It  is   not  as/so   good  as   what 

9、;  you   said.那没有你说的那么好。比较级：（1）两个人或事物的比较主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。Lilys room is bigger than mine.The   weather   in   Beijing   is   colder    than    that    in  Hainan.否定用not

10、+比较级+than   或less   than Thisquestion isless  difficult /not   more   difficult   than   that   one. （2）表示两者之间比更可用状语 a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰：He made much fewer mistakes th

11、an I did. He is even richer than I. (3) 表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更.”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?(4)如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. (5)表示“越来越.”,用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容

12、词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more +形容词原级。”Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.(6) 表示“越.越.”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”。The more,the better.3. 最高级：(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the thr

13、ee. (2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最.”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?(3) 表示“最.的.之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.（4） 形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最.”.The Yellow River is the second longest ri

14、ver in China.(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加theChina's   biggest   city  is   Shanghai.Fishing   is    his    latest   hobby.三、重点与难点：1、 asas结构：（1）“A+as+形容词原级+as+B”He  is  as  tall  as 

15、 me.他和我一样高。English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。 Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。（3） 否定句中的结构：“Anot+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It  is   not  as/so   good  as   what   you   said.那没有你说的那么好。2、(1)tooto与

16、sot的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak. The milk was too hot to drink. The milk was so hot that we cant drink it. (2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get ma

17、rried. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest

18、boy in the class. John is taller than :any other boy. any of the other boy. all the other boy. any of the others. any one else. 5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more.表示“越来越”: More and more stude

19、nts realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 7.倍数表达法：（1） A is 倍数 as +原级+ as BAsia is four times as large as Europe.（2）A is 倍数 + 比较级 +than + B Asia is three times larger than Europe.(3)A is 倍数 + 名词 + of B常见名词：the size/weight/height/width/lengthThe t

20、able is twice the length of the desk.(4)A is 倍数 + what从句The production is now three times what it was three years ago.练习题1. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _ 4. dry _5. happy _ 6. wet _7. much _ 8. ill _9. little _ 10. bad _11. thin _ 12. far _13. early _ 14. careful_15. exciting _ 16. bu

21、sy _2. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)3. This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)4. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little _ than her classmates. (careful)6. _ people came to the meeting than last

22、time. (many)7. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)8. My room is _ than yours. (small)9. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)10. Skating is _ than swimming. (exciting)11. Jim is _ than all the others. (honest)12. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)13. The higher you climb, the _ it will

23、 be. (cold)14. Now his life is becoming _ and _. (difficult)15. There are _ boys than girls in our class. (few)11. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as po

24、litely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. intereste

25、d C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while21. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longes

26、t B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC.

27、much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse31. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2. The house is small for a family of si

28、x.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 3 .Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4. -What's your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5 .The jacket was so_ that he decid

29、ed to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 6 .Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 .The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2. Your room is mine.A. twice as large tha

30、n B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5(

31、) 1. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 2. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country( ) 3. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. a

32、ny boy D. other boy61. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter2. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least3. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and

33、 hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder4 .When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 71._ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less

34、D. More; the more 2. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3 _ you come back, _ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner

35、; better81 .I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older( )2. Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest ( ) 3. Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller9( ) 1. Which do you like _, tea or coffee

36、?A. well B. better C. best D. most ( ) 2. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult ( ) 3. Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well ( ) 4. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it

37、 was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high ( ) 5. Don't you think it _ not to write the letter? A. well , B. better C. best D. good10( ) 1. Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far( ) 2. Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the talle

38、st ( ) 3.The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest ( )4. Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older11( ) 1 .Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 2 .English is one of_

39、 spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 3. Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city r ' B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities121. Most of the woods _ been taken go

40、od care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have2. _ like playing football and watching TV.A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they3 ._ are here watering the flowers here.A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys4. _ haven't been to American.A. Most them B. Most they C. More

41、of them D. Most of them131. _ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flower B. No another flowerC. Not other flower D. Not all flowers 2 .The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallestC. taller than of-all D. tall.3 .Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C

42、. than the other D. than anyone 141. Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest2 .Which language is_, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy3 .Which is_interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C

43、. very D. too4 .Which city is_, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful5. Which month is_, June, July or August?A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest151. Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D

44、. new anything2. Mike, I have_to tell you.A. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important3. There is _ in today's newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting4 .-Is Mrs. Brown badly ill?-No,

45、_. Only a little cold.A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious) 5 Come here, I have_ to tell you.A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting16( ) 1. I'm not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. hea

46、lth enough D. strong enough( ) 2 The girl works hard _ to pass the exam.A. enough B. too C. still D. yet( ) 3 He has_ to think it over. . A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time17( ) 1. "Do you want_A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something( ) 2 .Have you

47、 seen _ in the room?A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else( ) 3. _ would like to go to the park with me?A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who18( ) 1. Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English_ her mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best a

48、s( ) 2. She was sick yesterday, but she is_ to go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough( ) 3 .This kind of book is-_ for the children to read.A. enough well ' B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ) 4. -Are you feeling _?-Yes, I'm fine now.A. qui

49、te good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ) 5 .This shirt is no good. That one is evenA. better B. worse C. well D. worst19( ) 1 .We have never seen_ interesting films.A. such B. such an C. so D. such a( ) 2. Don't read :' books _ you can't understand.A. as; such B. such; as C. s

50、ame; as D. as; as( ) 3. This is_ book_ I'd like to read once more.A. such an interesting; that B. so interesting; that C. such an interesting; as D. a so interesting; as( ) 4 .We haven't seen _ play.A. so wonderful B. a so wonderful C. such wonderful D. such a wonderful20( ) 1. I am twelve;

51、Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the _ of the three.A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest( ) 2.My _ brother is three years _ than I.A. elder; elder B. older; oldest C. elder; older D. older; elder ( ) 3. His _ son often go to see him on Sunday.A. eldest B. olderC. the eldest D. the o

52、lder ( ) 4. He is two years _ than I.A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less21( ) 1 .I think the book is very_.A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests ( ) 2. They were very _ to see each other again.A. pleased B. surprising C. happily -D. angrily ( ) 3 .She is very_ the news.(7) surpris

53、e in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for ( ) 4 .The boys are _ computers.A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested about( ) 5 .-How does Kate like her new work? -She_ with the hours.A. can't satisfy B. isn't satisfied C. doesn't satisfy D- hasn'

54、t satisfied( ) 6. The man was not _ when he heard the _ words.A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening 22( ) 1. Helen isn't a_ friend of mine. I feel_ sorry for her.A. true; true B. truly; true C. true; truly D. truly" truly

55、( ) 2.I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes_.A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow ( ) 3 .The song sounds_.A. sweet B. nicely C. well D. moved ( ) 4 .The ship sank_ under the sea.A. deeply B. depth C. deep D. more deep23( ) 1 ._ helped a lot in our country.A. The blind is B. The blind areC. The blinds is D. Blind are ( ) 2 ._ should study hard for their