高一语法——句子成分、句式演示教学

1、高一语法高一语法句子成分、句式句子成分、句式1. 简单句简单句五种基本句型五种基本句型：2. 主语，宾语，表语，宾补主语，宾语，表语，宾补 一般是一般是什么词性什么词性？3. 四种常见的四种常见的系动词系动词：4. 并列句并列句特点：特点：5. 主从主从复合句复合句特点：特点： 如何识别如何识别主句、从句主句、从句？1. 简单句五种基本句型：简单句五种基本句型：2. 主语，宾语，表语，宾补一般为什么词性？主语，宾语，表语，宾补一般为什么词性？3. 四种常见的系动词：四种常见的系动词：(1) 是是 ：be(am, is, are, was, were) (2) 感觉感觉: look; feel;

2、 sound; smell; taste;seem/ appear (3) 变变得得：get; turn; grow; go; come; become (4) 保持：保持：keep; stay; remain S+Vi（主（主+谓）谓） S+ V系系+ P (主主+系系+表表) S+Vt+O（主（主+谓谓+宾）宾） S+Vt+IO+DO（主（主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾）直宾） S+Vt+O+OC（主（主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补）宾补） 主主(n./主格主格pron./to do/doing)+谓谓+宾宾主主+谓谓+宾宾(n./宾格宾格pron./to do/doing)主主+系系+表表(adj./n

3、./宾格宾格pron. /prep/to do/doing/done)主主+谓谓+宾宾+ 宾补宾补(adj. / n. / prep/ to do / doing / done)4. 并列句特点：并列句特点： 句句 + 并列连词并列连词(and, but, while ,or , so-) + 句句5. 主从复合句特点：主从复合句特点： 如何识别主句，从句？如何识别主句，从句？ 主从主从+谓谓+宾从宾从 动词动词+ 宾从；宾从； 介词介词+ 宾从宾从 主从主从+系系+表从表从 从句：从句：关联词关联词+-谓语谓语+- 简单句简单句填空填空(1) Its normal for him _(hav

4、e) a big reaction.(2) The king made the girl his own private musician, _(give) her vast riches.(3) The king _ (hear) the music and called the girl into the place.(4) There are some unique animals not _ (find) anywhere else.Conclusion:考点：考点：技巧：技巧： to have giving heard heard and called 并列谓语并列谓语 found谓

5、语谓语(时态时态/语态语态/主谓一致主谓一致);并列谓语并列谓语;非谓语非谓语(成分成分)； 分析句子结构，分析句子结构，找准谓语找准谓语（其他动词为非谓语；注意（其他动词为非谓语；注意非谓语做什么成分非谓语做什么成分） it 形式主语，形式主语，to do主语主语 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语过去分词过去分词found作定语作定语只有一个主谓结构只有一个主谓结构 （一个谓语或并列谓语）（一个谓语或并列谓语）改错改错(1 ) On the playground many students playing football.(2) There was once a king adored mus

6、ic very much.(3) At the next station, an old man got on the bus, stood in front of me.(4) I remembered her words and calm down soon.(5) Watch too much TV is harmful to our eyes.Conclusion:考点：考点：技巧：技巧： are/were who/ (或或adored改为改为adoring) standing (或或stood 前加前加and) calmed Watching/ To watch谓语谓语(时态时态/语

7、态语态/主谓一致主谓一致);并列谓语并列谓语;非谓语非谓语(成分成分)； 分析句子结构，分析句子结构，找准谓语找准谓语（其他动词为非谓语；注意（其他动词为非谓语；注意非谓语做什么成分非谓语做什么成分） 句子没有谓语句子没有谓语 单句有两个谓语单句有两个谓语 非谓语动词作主语用非谓语动词作主语用to do/doing 单句有两个谓语单句有两个谓语 谓语动词的时态谓语动词的时态并列句并列句(1)She found the bus had just left, _ she had to wait another 15 minutes.(2)We liked the dishes _ we were

8、happy to learn the English songs.改错改错(1) We were wet to the skin, and we still sang and laughed happily.(2) He has two sons, both of them are doctors.(3) Using your head, and you will find a way.(4) He walked around the room several times, then he sat down.考点：并列连词用法考点：并列连词用法;上下文逻辑关系上下文逻辑关系技巧：分析句子结构判

9、断为并列句技巧：分析句子结构判断为并列句;翻译确定上下文逻辑关翻译确定上下文逻辑关系系 so and but 上下文逻辑关系错上下文逻辑关系错 and (或或them改为改为whom) Use 祈使句祈使句+ and/ or +you ll- and then, otherwise, however, yet为副词为副词 注：逗号的作用注：逗号的作用句句 +(,) 并列连词并列连词(and, but, while ,or , so-) + 句句复合句复合句填空填空(1) _ we were tired after the journey, we were in high spirits.(2)

10、 Toms father was the first parent _ our teacher talked to.(3) She said she had finished her work, _ I doubted very much.(4) We improve ourselves while _ (organize) our micro-blogs.(5) It is your attitude toward it _ matters.Conclusion:考点：考点：技巧：技巧： Although/ Though/ While ( whom/who ) 状语从句状语从句 定语从句定语

11、从句 which 非限定从非限定从 organizing 状语从句省略状语从句省略 that 强调结构强调结构 从句引导词从句引导词 分析句子结构，确定主句谓语，找出从句，分析句子结构，确定主句谓语，找出从句， 判断什么从句；填引导词判断什么从句；填引导词改错改错(1) He lived in a house, in front of it stood a tall tree.(2) These bags are made of this kind of material can be easily treated.(3) All the other students burst into l

12、aughter before they came to know that both teacher and Pam had misunderstood each other.(4) That surprised us most there was the beauty of scenes.Conclusion:考点：考点：技巧：技巧： which which(或去掉或去掉are) after What 分析句子结构，确定分析句子结构，确定主句谓语主句谓语，找出从句找出从句， 判断判断什么从句什么从句；确认；确认引导词引导词是否正确是否正确非限定从非限定从;注意逗号的作用注意逗号的作用2. c

13、an 前加前加which/that 状语从句状语从句主语从句主语从句I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations- UNESCO and National Geographic among them

14、have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal. Summar

15、y 句子结构考点：句子结构考点： 句子句子成分成分(相应词性相应词性) 尤其是尤其是谓语动词（时态谓语动词（时态/语态语态/主谓一致）；非谓语主谓一致）；非谓语 并列连词并列连词，上下文逻辑关系，上下文逻辑关系 从句从句引导词引导词 答题技巧：（养成分析句子结构的习惯）答题技巧：（养成分析句子结构的习惯） 分析分析句子结构句子结构，判断句子判断句子类型类型，确定，确定谓语谓语和和其他其他句子句子成分成分 分析分析句子结构句子结构，找，找并列连词并列连词，判断上下文逻辑关系，判断上下文逻辑关系 分析分析句子句子结构，确定结构，确定主句谓语主句谓语，找出，找出从句从句，判断，判断什么什么从句从句；

16、确认；确认引导词引导词 注意：标点注意：标点逗号逗号给予的信息给予的信息六、当堂检测六、当堂检测1. 短文填空短文填空 Once there was two mice, a city mouse and a city mouse. They were distant relatives. One day the city mouse, _ lived in a big house, wrote a letter to the country mouse inviting him for a visit. Delighted, the country mouse_(acceptance) the

17、 invitation and came to the city mouses house. He _(greet) by the city mouse cheerfully. The country mouse was surprised _ big the house was. The city mouse was pleased _ led the country mouse to the kitchen. _ they climbed up the table, there was a large piece of bread, fruit and cheese on it. But

18、just as they began to eat, they heard a great noise, the city mouse cried, which accepted was greeted how andWhen “Run! Run! The cat _ (come)!” They ran away quickly and hid. _(breath) heavily after hiding in the mouse-hole, the country mouse said to the city mouse, “I should go back to my house in

19、the city. _ _I eat nothing but beans, I can live peacefully. Why dont you come with me to the country? _ is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid.” is coming BreathingAlthough/ Even ifIt 短文改错短文改错 I have a friend who has a big police dog is named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon my frien

20、d took Jack for a long walk in the park. Walk in the park is that Jack likes very much. One Sunday a young man dropped in on my friend, stayed a long time. They talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend take Jack for his walk, and the visitor still sat talking. Jack became worried about his

21、walk in the park. He walked around the room several times but then he sat right in front of the visitor and looked at him, he paid no attention. He continued talk. Finally Jack couldnt stand it any longer, held the visitors hat in his mouth.takes或或is前加前加whichWalking what to and and who holding but t

22、o for微写作微写作我很高兴你在中国期间过得很愉快。并真诚地邀请你再我很高兴你在中国期间过得很愉快。并真诚地邀请你再次来中国和我的家人一起住。我们的学校生活既幸福又次来中国和我的家人一起住。我们的学校生活既幸福又繁忙。我们对学习热情高涨，因为这是通过高考的必须。繁忙。我们对学习热情高涨，因为这是通过高考的必须。经过一天的努力学习，我们有时会感到疲倦，因此我们经过一天的努力学习，我们有时会感到疲倦，因此我们经常打篮球来放松一下。期望尽快收到你的回信。经常打篮球来放松一下。期望尽快收到你的回信。 Im glad that you had a good time during your stay

23、in China. I sincerely invite you to come again and live with our family. Our school life is happy and busy. We study in high spirits , because it is a must to pass the College Entrance Exam. After we work hard for a whole day, we sometimes feel tired, so we often play basketball to relax ourselves.

24、Im looking forward to your reply. 翻译翻译教室里有很多学生在读英语。教室里有很多学生在读英语。There are many students reading English in the classroom布朗夫人看起来很健康。布朗夫人看起来很健康。Mr Brown looks healthy.我乘交车上班很方便。我乘交车上班很方便。It is convenient for me to go to work by bus.我要你把真相告诉我。我要你把真相告诉我。I asked you to tell me the truth.我的任务完成了。我的任务完成了。M

25、y task has been finished.Conclusion: 技巧：分析技巧：分析句子结构句子结构(五种五种)，确定谓语，确定谓语， 注意：特殊句式，形式主语，注意：特殊句式，形式主语， 谓语动词时态语态及主谓一致谓语动词时态语态及主谓一致翻译翻译(1)他许诺了，但是没有遵守诺言。他许诺了，但是没有遵守诺言。 He made a promise, but (he) didnt keep it. (2)太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。 The sun rises in the east and (it) sets in the west.(3)他伤了腿，因此不

26、能参加比赛。他伤了腿，因此不能参加比赛。 He hurt his legs, so he cant take part in the competition.Conclusion: 技巧：技巧：分析句子结构，确定分析句子结构，确定谓语谓语，并列连词并列连词 注意：并列连词连接什么并列成分注意：并列连词连接什么并列成分 词词 + 并列连词并列连词+ 词词 短语短语 + 并列连词并列连词+ 短语短语 句句 + 并列连词并列连词+ 句句翻译翻译(1) 我们希望越来越多的学生发表自己的英语作文。我们希望越来越多的学生发表自己的英语作文。 并成为我们的笔友。并成为我们的笔友。 We hope (that

27、) more students will post your English article, and become our pen pal.(2) 我们学校有一个游泳池，全天免费开放。我们学校有一个游泳池，全天免费开放。 There is a swimming pool in our school, which is open free of charge all the day.(3) 大声点讲，以便大厅里人人都能听到。大声点讲，以便大厅里人人都能听到。 Speak louder, so that everyone can hear you in the hall.(4) 既然一切都准备好了，现在我们可以开始实验了。既然一切都准备好了，现在我们可以开始实验了。Since everything is ready, well begin our experiment now.(5) 他未告诉我就开走我的车真的令人恼火。他未告诉我就开走我的车真的令人恼火。It is annoying that he drove my car away without telling me.技巧：技巧： 分析句子结构，确定分析句子结构，确定主句谓语主句谓语，找出，找出从句从句， 判断判断什么从句什么从句；确认；确认引导词引导词, 逐个翻译逐个翻译Q1: Who am I