202X_202X学年高中英语Module4GreatScientistsSectionⅡGrammar课件外研版必修4

1、-1-Section GrammarZ INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习一、根据汉语提示,用动词的适当形式填空1.亚洲其他国家和一些欧洲国家比如意大利等,都种植水稻。Rice also in many other Asian countries,and in some European countries like Italy.2.1966年,他的研究成果在中国发表。The results of his experiments in China in 1966.3.研究得到了政府的赞助。The research by the government.4.在此之后,袁

2、隆平培育的水稻还出口到巴基斯坦和菲律宾等国家。Following this,Yuan Longpings rice to other countries,such as Pakistan and the Philippines.一二is grown were published was supported was exported Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习5.在巴基斯坦,水稻是继小麦之后的第二种最重要的作物并将在许多地方种植。In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat a

3、ndin many parts of the country.6.中国袁隆平高科技农业公司已开发出一种新的杂交水稻。The new hybrid rice by the Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China.一二will be grown has been developed Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习一二二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.How long have you been (marry)?2.Im afraid you wont have time to get (chang

4、e). 3.To my delight,I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 4.Up to now,billions of dollars (spend) on space exploration. 5.A new supermarket (build) near our house now. married changed was chosen has been spent is being built Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123 1.Res

5、earchers learn things when they carry out experiments.(Page35)研究人员在做实验的过程中获得知识。考点carry outvt.实施,实现No matter what difficulty you will meet with,carry out your plan until you succeed.不管你遇到什么困难,都要执行计划直到你成功。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会与carry相关短语的搭配及含义Its a difficult job,but shes the

6、 person to carry it through.这是一项艰巨的工作,但她是能够顺利完成的那个人。搭配 carry through含义 成功完成;顺利实现 If you carry on in that way,youll end up in failure.如果你仍然那样下去的话,你就会以失败而告终。搭配 carry on含义 继续;继续进行 He carried off most of the prizes.他赢得了大多数的奖项。搭配 carry off含义 赢得,获得 Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Once they decide to c

7、arry out the policy,they will carry it through whatever difficulty they will meet.一旦他们决定执行这个政策,无论遇到什么困难他们都将贯彻到底。carry out 实施,实现carry through 成功完成;顺利实现carry on 继续,继续进行carry off 赢得,获得;成功地对付Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1232.Grammar 1复习被动语态一、被动语态的概念语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态

8、。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态。二、通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。Paper is made from wood.纸是由木材制造而成的。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1232.强调动作的承受者。If you break the school rules,you will be punished.如果你违反校规,你将受到惩罚。3.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。The wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.那座木桥被洪水

9、冲走了。4.有时,由于修辞的需要,表示委婉或礼貌,在科技文献、新闻报道中也可以使用被动语态。It is believed that the political situation is critical.一般认为政治情况很危急。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123三、被动语态的用法考点被动语态的构成:助动词be+过去分词A liar is not believed when he tells the truth.一个说谎者说真话时也没人相信了。考点延伸 (一)各种时态的被动语态Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Z INZ

10、HI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123语法填空,并将下列句子译成中文The classroom (clean) by the students every day. 翻译: 答案：is cleaned;学生们每天都打扫教室。A speech (give) this afternoon. 翻译: 答案：will be given;今天下午将有一个演讲。English lessons (broadcast) on the radio. 翻译: 答案：are being broadcast;收音机里正在播英语课程。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作

11、学习123The room (clean) already. 翻译: 答案：has been cleaned;房间已经被打扫了。Your homework (hand) in today. 翻译: 答案：must be handed;你必须今天把家庭作业交上。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123(二)主动语态变被动语态时的注意事项将下列句子变成被动语态1.带双宾语的句子变被动语态时,直接宾语和间接宾语都可作被动语态的主语。我朋友在我生日时送我一本有趣的书。My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday

12、. An interesting book . I . 答案：was given to me (by my friend) on my birthdaywas given an interesting book (by my friend) on my birthdayZ INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1232.动词hear,listen to,make,have,let,see,notice,watch,observe等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变被动语态时,宾语补足语变成了主语补足语,要恢复不定式符号to;而动词-ing作宾语补足语,不变。有人看见他正

13、闯入办公室。Someone saw him breaking into the office. 答案：He was seen breaking into the office.Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1233.谓语为短语动词变被动语态时,不要漏掉短语动词的介词或副词。为保持苗条,你应该重视合理的饮食和锻炼。To keep slim,you should pay attention to proper diets and exercise.To keep slim,proper diets and exercise . 答案：should be paid

14、 attention toZ INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1234.复合句变被动语态,主句和从句都变。如果你给我演示一下如何操作,我能把工作做得更好。If you show me how to operate it,I can do the work better.If I how to operate it,the work better. 答案：am shown;can be doneZ INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123(三)动词的主动形式表示被动之意语法填空,并将下列句子译成中文1.某些连系动词,如:look,feel

15、,smell,sound,prove,taste,turn out等。The flower (smell) sweet. 翻译: 答案：smells;这花闻起来很香。2.表示开始、结束和开合意义的一类动词,如:start,begin,end,stop,finish,open,close,lock,shut等。11.The school library (open) at 7:00 in the morning and closes at 10:00 in the evening. 翻译: 答案：opens;学校图书馆早晨七点开门,晚上十点关门。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JI

16、EHUO合作学习1233.表示主语状态和特征的某些动词,用主动形式表被动。常见此类动词有:read,write,sell,keep,show,clean,cut,cook,wash,wear,move,drive,operate等,常和副词well,easily,smoothly等连用。12.The pen well. 翻译: 答案：writes;这支钢笔书写流畅。4.在need,require,want,worth(形容词),deserve后跟动词-ing,用主动形式表被动。13.The door needs (repair).=The door needs to . 翻译: 答案：repa

17、iring;be repaired;这扇门需要修理。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1235.由blame,let(出租),remain,keep,rent,build构成的不定式作表语,用主动形式表被动。14.The father was (blame) for the spoiled boy. 翻译: 答案：to blame;这位父亲应对宠坏的男孩负责。6.不定式跟在形容词(difficult,hard,fit,easy,impossible,dangerous等)后作状语,主动形式表被动。15.The math problem is very diffi

18、cult (work) out. 翻译: 答案：to work;这道数学题很难解出。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习1233.Grammar 2by+动词-ing形式考点by+动词-ing形式He earns his living by selling old books.他靠卖旧书为生。考点延伸 (1)by doing.借/靠/因(by置于动词-ing前,表示方法、手段、原因)。语法填空,并将下列句子译成中文You can make the cake by (mix)eggs and flour. 翻译: 答案：mixing;把鸡蛋和面粉混合,你可以做出蛋糕。Z INZHI DAOXUE自主预习HAYI JIEHUO合作学习123By (get) up early,I can have