构词法之派生法

1、v1.0可编辑可修改英语构词法一、构词法之派生法的讲解英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。派生 Derivation前缀前含义例词缀a-处在arise, aside, aloneen-使可能enrich, enable, enslavedis-不，否定dissatisfy,dishonest,disappear,disorder,disagreeun-不unable,unknown, uncommon,uncomfortable,做相反动作unfair, unclose, undress, uncover, untiein-不，非inactive, inc

2、apable, inpatient, incorrectim-impossible,impersonal,impolite,immature,ir-impracticalil-irregular, irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非non existent,non-interference,non-conductor,non-stopde-向相反方向发展Decentralize（分散） , defrost（解冻）anti-反（对）anti-freeze, anti-fascistmis-错误的，坏的misdoings, misunderstand, misfortun

3、ere重复，再rewrite, remarry, reunite, recycle,co-共同co-exist, co-operate, co-educationex以前的Ex-husband, ex-presidenttele远程telephone, telegraph, telescope11v1.0可编辑可修改super-在上面，超级supermarket, superpower,under-在 之underline, underestimate, underground,下inter-相互，之间international, interact, inter-changesub-下，次su

4、btitle,submarine,subconscious,subcontinent,trans-过，穿过，变transformation(变形 ), translatevice-副vice-premier, vice-presidentsemi-半semifinal, semicircle, semi-automaticbi两个bicycle, biennial两年一次的tri三个triangle 三角形 , tricycle三轮脚踏车 ,triplets三胞胎mul-多，多种multiply, multi-national, multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre, k

5、ilogram后缀后 缀例词-erfarmer, weaver, pain-killer,murderer, , villager,stranger, speaker, cooker, recorder, heater-essactress, waitress, princess, hostess-orconductor, sailor, transistor, operator,名-arbeggar词-eseChinese, Portuguese, Japanese-ianmusician, Egyptian, physician-istscientist, dentist, communi

6、st, socialist,-ent/-antassistant-mentargument, judgment, government22v1.0可编辑可修改-nesshappiness,greatness,illness,coldness,sleeplessness-tiondictation,preparation,repetition,action,information, invention-ingbuilding, wedding, painting-shipleadership, friendship, hardship-ageshortage, marriage, leakage

7、-tyloyalty, cruelty, penalty, sixty, twenty, thirty,certainty-thtruth, warmth, length, growth, fifteenth, fourth-anceacceptance, assistance, reliance, appearance-encedependence,confidence,reference,entrance,defence-fulmouthful, handful, plateful,-alrefusal, denial, arrival-ydifficulty, possibility,-

8、domfreedom, wisdom, kingdom-ismsocialism, materialism注意： -ese, -ian, -ist既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。-er构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。后 缀例词-alcentral, industrial, national, natural-anEuropean, American, Australian-erneastern, northern, southern-ablereasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable, forgettable, sensib

9、le-fulcareful, cheerful, grateful, faithful,形childish, Swedish, selfish-ish33v1.0可编辑可修改容-ivedestructive,collective,active,creative,effective词-ythirsty,dirty, windy,sunny, cloudy, healthy, funny-lesscareless, hopeless, helpless, homeless, sleepless,fearless, limitless-engolden, wooden, woolen-ouscour

10、ageous, famous, continuous, serious, various-aryimaginary, revolutionary, secondary-icrealistic, historic, poetic-sometroublesome, burdensome, lonesome, handsome-likechildlike, womanlike, manlike-antignorant, significant, observant, important-entdiligent, silent, excellent, frequent-lylively,friendl

11、y,lovely,weekly,brotherly,motherly-ishchildish, foolish后缀例词-izerealize, modernize, mechanize, criticize,动-enwiden,strengthen,lengthen,sharpen,widen,词shorten, quicken, deepen-fySimplify, beautify, terrify,后缀例词-ward(s)forward, northward, backward, downward副-lyslowly,quickly,carefully,loudly,happily,词f

12、riendly二、课堂巩固练习44v1.0可编辑可修改 .Match the right words from the right column with the words on the left.() 1. enrichA. trying to find jobs() 2. semicircleB. remove, get rid of ice, frost()3. troublesomeC. of, having, using imagination( ) 4. sharpenD. make or become sharp()5. job-huntingE. half a circle(

13、) 6. limitlessF. causing troubleG. make rich, improve in quality, flavour,()7. imaginativeetc.() 8. defrostH. without limit .Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks.1.The mother didn t know why her daughter was crying _. (noise)2.He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football ma

14、tch. (play)3. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! (happy)4. It snowed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)5. Edison was a great _. During his life he had many _. (invent)6. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years.（foreign）7. We want _ reasons for your failure t

15、o help. (satisfy)8. Please give me some reference work. It will _ my task. (simple)9. The boy had the _ of being half starved. (appear)10. The police have _ a plot against the President. (cover)11. The doctor said that Marys mother needed an _.(operate)12. She hoped that her son would become a _. (music)13. Few _ words made us excited. (speak)14. The days on the moon get hotter than _ water. (boil)15. Thank you for your _. (kind)16. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their college _. (expensive)55v1.0可编辑可修改17. Mos