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1、Nelson Mandela Mandela formed the African National Congress in 1944 and was engaged in(忙于，忙于，致力于致力于) resistance(抵抗抵抗) against the ruling National Partys(执政党执政党) apartheid(种族隔种族隔离离) policies after 1948. He was put in prison in 1956-1961 and was acquitted(无罪释放无罪释放) in 1961. In 1962 he was sentenced to

2、 five years hard labor for encouraging violence against anti-black laws. In 1964 he was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island for being one of the ANC leaders. In 1990 he was released from prison. During his years in prison, Nelson Mandelas reputation(声誉声誉) grew steadily. After his release f

3、rom prison, he plunged(使使投入投入) himself wholeheartedly(全心全意地全心全意地) into his lifes work, striving(努力，奋斗努力，奋斗) to attain(实现实现) the goals he and others had set out(规划规划) almost four decades earlier. In 1993, he won the Nobel Peace Prize. Nelson Mandela served as the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the first black president of South Af

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