高三非谓语动词大全教案

1、文档供参考，可复制、编制，期待您的好评与关注！ 学员编号： 年 级：高三 课 时 数： 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型C 非谓语动词之动名词C 非谓语动词之不定式C 非谓语动词之现在分词星 级教学目标1、 让学生掌握动名词的不同形式以及在句中的句法功能；2、 让学生熟练掌握动名词和动词不定式的用法区别。（建议2-5分钟）批注：通过这幅图引出本次课的主题：动名词。通过图中人物语言不难看出like doing可以表示喜欢做某事，让学生自己先来回忆初中到现在学过哪些动词后面是必须接动名词的，然后跟学生一起进行总结，还可以让学生自己总结一下动名词能够做哪些成分。（建议20-25分钟）

2、一、非谓语动词的概述非谓语动词的语法功能所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语V-ing形式现在分词动名词不定式（to do）过去分词(done)批注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分generally speaking一般说来；frankly speaking坦白地说；judging from/by.根据来判断；considering./o consideration考虑到；to tell you the truth说实话；seeing.考虑到；supposing假设，如果；providing如果；given考虑到，鉴于；provided that如果二、

3、动名词的形式及用法1. 形式动名词的形式：语 态 式主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done否定式：not + 动名词批注：尤其要注意的是having done的否定写法是not having done，而不是having not done。这一点学生很容易因为大意而弄错。2. 用法1）一般式：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。2）被动式：He came to the party without being invited. 他未被邀请就来到了晚会。3）完成式：We remembered having s

4、een the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。4）完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。5）否定式：not + 动名词I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给

5、他带来许多麻烦。批注：要注意区别一般式，进行式和完成式的用法，需要表示进行的动作时就要用进行式，强调动作先发生的时候需要用完成式，还要注意的是复合结构，是物主代词或者名词所有格加上动名词，而不是人称代词，这一点学生也很容易犯错。 三、动名词的句法功能1.作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。Its no use quarrelling. 争吵是没用的。批注：作形式主语的只能是It.2. 作表语：In the ant city,

6、 the queens job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。批注：跟在系动词后面的是表语。3. 作宾语：They havent finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。要记住如下动词及

7、短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent(from),keep from, stop（from）,protectfr

8、om, set about, be engaged in, spend(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like批注：首先需要让学生记住的是接动名词作宾语的动词有哪些，其次要让学生清楚当动名词后面有宾语补足语时，能够作形式宾语的只有it。4. 作同位语：The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。His habit, listening to the news on the radio

9、 remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。批注：同位语用来解释说明前面名词的内容。5. 作定语：He cant walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。Is there a swimming pool in your school. 你们学校有游泳池吗？批注：ing形式作定语时，需要让学生清楚动名词和现在分词作定语的区别：a swimming pool中的swimming表示的是事物用途；a swimming girl中的swimming表示的是正在做的事情。四、动名词和动词不定式的区别：1. 从含义上不定式表示具体某一

10、次的动作，而动名词表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯。 I love swimming, but I don't love to swim in this dirty river. (我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢在这条脏河里游泳。） 平衡原则：当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式。To live is to struggleSeeing is believing批注：需要提醒学生注意的是前后保持平衡的原则。2. 不定式和动名词作主语：动名词做主语多表抽象和经验，而不定式做主语多表具体动作。-Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here这里禁止抽烟。

11、(抽象) -It is not very good for you to smoke so much你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。 (具体) -Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。 (经验) -It took me only five minutes to finish the job.（具体）3. 不定式和动名词作宾语以及区别(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语 在英语中，介词宾语常用动名词， 不用不定式。而动词宾语，有时用动名词，有时用不定式，有时用动名词和不定式意义变化不大，有时意义却相差甚远。下列动词只能接不定式作（直

12、接）宾语：hope, wish, want, ask, help, refuse, learn, demand, care, choose, arrange, expect, decide, agree, plan, promise, offer, manage, pretend, prepare, elect, fail, long, determine，desire等，如：They all agreed to start off early in order to catch the first bus. In spite of the difficulties, we managed t

13、o finish the work ahead of time. We expect to be back on Sunday. He chose(decided) to stay where he was. I'm longing (desiring)to see you.下列动词只能接动名词作（直接）宾语： appreciate, delay, admit, suggest, keep, prevent, miss, risk, escape, imagine, enjoy, consider, avoid, finish, mind, fancy, practise, advis

14、e, pardon, excuse, give up ,keep on, put off, can't help, leave off, feel like, can't stand 等。如：- I can't fancy (imagine) his doing such a thing. - You can hardly avoid (get away from, escape)meeting her if you both work in the same office. - I have admitted having done wrong. - I don

15、9;t feel like eating a meal now.注意下列短语后也只能接动名词作（直接）宾语： set about get/be used to, look forward to, object to, devote oneself to （致力于）等。如： -We are looking forward to seeing you again. （2）、下列动词的直接宾语既可用不定式，又可用动名词，意义上仅有具体与抽象之分，但许多情况下可互换：like, love, hate, dislike, begin, start, continue, attempt, afford,

16、prefer, propose, intend , can't bear。如： We can't afford to pay for/ paying for the car. -After a short break she started to work/working hard.-He continued to live/living with his parents after his marriage.(3)、下列动词的（直接）宾语可用不定式，也可用动名词，在意义上有明显的差别。它们是：remember, forget, regret, try, mean, stop,

17、 go on 等。1. remember to do 记着要做； remember doing记得（过去）曾做过 2. forget to do忘记要做（未做）； forget doing忘记了（过去）曾经做过（已做） 3. regret to do 对将要做的事表示后悔； regret doing对已做过的事表示后悔。4. try to do想法设法努力做； try doing 试一试试着做5. mean to do打算想要做 ；mean doing意思是，意味着6. stop to do停止（某事）去干另一件事； stop doing停止（不再）做事 7. go on to do （干完一

18、事后）接着干另一件事； go on doing继续干（以前未完成的）某事(4)、动词want, need, require 作“需要”解时，接不定式或动名词意思都一样，只是接动名词要用主动形式（表示被动意义），接不定式要用被动式。如： Your handwriting needs improving.(=to be improved).What you said wants proving(=to be proved). These books are required reading(=to be read)批注：这里需要学生记住的是后面接动名词作宾语的有哪些单词，接动词不定式作宾语的单词有

19、哪些，并且要让学生清楚两者都可以接的单词在意义上的区别；而want, need, require接动名词表示被动的用法尤其要学生牢记，因为这是常考的考点。【例1】In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid A. from being beaten B. being beaten C. beating D. to be beaten【解析】动词“avoid”是及物动词，其后只能接动名词作宾语，如：I crossed the street to avo

20、id meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me 因此排除A、D 项；根据题意是“避免被（对手）打败”，所以选择动名词的被动语态。【答案】B【例2】I don't like_ bills but when I do get them ，I like_ them promptly. A to get, paying B. getting, to pay C. to get, to pay D. getting, paying【解析】动词“like”后即可接动名词作宾语也可接不定式作宾语，但是“to like doing s

21、th”表示一般性的行为，概念较为抽象化。如：He likes swimming;而“to like to cloth。”表示具体动作或情况，如：I don't like to disturb you；此句的第一空应选择“getting”，泛指收到帐单这一抽象行为，后一空选择“to pay”，表示具体的一次付款举动。【答案】B【例3】He resented to wait. He expected the minister him at once. A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, seeing D

22、. being asked，seeing【解析】 动词resent后只接动名词，如：I resent seeing this sort of thing;而expect后只能接动词不定式，You can't expect me to approve of it。【答案】B【例4】I never regretted the offer for it was not where my interest lay. A. not to accept B. not having accepted C. having not accepted D. not accepting【解析】“to reg

23、ret doing sth.”意为“后悔干（过）某事，事情已经发生了”。常用动名词的一般形式表示动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的，如：He regretted missing the opportunity to visit that scholar;“to regret to do sth”则表示“现在必须做那件事”，一般来说regret仅与一小部分动词(announce，learn，see，inform，say，tell)的不定式连用这些动词表示提供或获取信息，如：I regret to tell you that my friend is ill。【答案】D（建议5-10分钟）1. I

24、ts a wonder place for anyone _ in architecture, as you are. A. interesting B. to be interested C. being interested D. interested 2. Before the invention of planes, _ in the sky like a bird was only a dream. A. men fly B. to fly C. for flying D. flight 3. He could do little except _ . A. writing B. w

25、rite C. written D. to write 4. The bank is reported in the newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed5. - Where should I send my application? - The Personal Office is the place _. A. to send it B. sent it to C. to send it to D. for

26、 sending it 6. Some terrorists narrowly escaped _ in the fierce battle. A. to be killed B. to kill C. have killed D. being killed 7. The young scientist could not sleep at night , his thoughts _ him to peace. A. gave B. to give C. giving D. had given8. I dont allow _ in my office and I dont allow my

27、 family _ at all. A. to smoke smoking B. smoking to smoke C. to smoke to smoke D. smoking smoking 9. I didnt mean _ anything, but these apples looked so good that I couldnt resist _ one. A. to eat trying B. to eat . to trying C. eating to try D. eating to trying10. He felt lonely at first, but after

28、 a time he got _ alone and even got _ it . A. used to living . to like B. used to live to like C. using to live liking D. to be used to living liking 11. _ my assignment , I was not allowed _ TV. A. Having not finished to watch B. Not having finished to watch C. Not finishing watching D. Not yet fin

29、ished to watch12. They will have you _ if you dont pay your taxes. A. to be arrested B. arrest C. arrested D. being arrested 13. Mrs. Brown is supposed _ for Spain last week. A. to have left B. to leave C. to be leaving D. to have been left14. With the guide _ the way, we set off on foot into the da

30、rk night. A. leading B. led C. leads D. to lead 15. Rome is the city _ . A. I rather most like to visit B. Id most like to visit C. Im rather to visit most D. Id prefer most to visit16. Tom regrets _ idle when young. A. to have been B. himself being C. having been D. to be 17. Dont let me catch you

31、_ again. A. do that B. to do that C. doing that D. done that 18. _ some more vinegar in the dish and it might taste a bit better. A. Trying to put B. To try to put C. Try putting D. Try to put 19. The strong wind caused the fire , which obviously had been set by someone on purpose, _ quickly across

32、the field. A. spreading B. spread C. to spreading D. to spread20. At last we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch. A. sit B. having sat C. to sit D. sat Keys:1. D 2 B 3. B 4 .C 5. C 6. D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14. A 15.B 16.C 17. C

33、 18.C 19.D 20. Dscore:_ （20小题，每题1分，共20分）（建议2-5分钟）批注：本次课不仅是给学生进行动名词用法的复习，而且还对动名词和动词不定式的区别进行了总结，所以在学完本次课之后让学生自己来总结它们的不同。Step 1. 思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面 动名词的复合结构： 后面接动名词作宾语的动词： 接动名词和动词不定式意义完全不同的动词： Step 2. 错题回顾（建议2-5分钟） Oh,yeahit seems yummy.批注：通过图中人物的对话引出本次课的主题：动词不定式。让学生自己先回忆学过的哪些动词后面接动词不定式，动词不定式除了跟在这些动

34、词后面还有哪些用法。（建议20-25分钟）一、非谓语动词的概述非谓语动词的语法功能所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语V-ing形式现在分词动名词不定式（to do）过去分词(done)批注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分generally speaking一般说来；frankly speaking坦白地说；judging from/by.根据来判断；considering./o consideration考虑到；to tell you the truth说实话；seeing.考虑到；supposing假设，如果；providing如果；given考虑到

35、，鉴于；provided that如果二、动词不定式的形式及用法1. 形式主 动被 动一般式to writeto be written进行式to be writing/完成式to have writtento have been written否定式：not + (to) do批注：主动和被动的写法要区分清楚。2. 用法1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：Im glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.We plan to pay a visit.He wants to be an artist.Th

36、e patient asked to be operated on at once.The teacher ordered the work to be done.2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased t

37、o have met his friend.批注：要注意区别一般式，进行式和完成式的用法，需要表示进行的动作时就要用进行式，需要表示完成的动作时就要用完成式。三、动词不定式的句法功能1.作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.批注：作形式主语的只能是It.2. 作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.批注：跟在系动词后面的是表语。3. 作宾

38、语：常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等。如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，如：Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.动词不定式在介词but后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么这些介词后

39、的不定式不带to；否则就要带to。另外在cant choose but和cant help but等后面的不定式也省略to。如: I have no choice but to stay here.动词不定式作动词tell，show，understand，explain，teach，learn，advise，discuss等词的宾语时，前面常带疑问词。即：疑问词(how，when，where，what，who).+to do。如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 批注：首先需要让学生记住的是接动词不定式作宾语的动词有哪些，其次要让学

40、生清楚当动词不定式后面有宾语补足语时，能够作形式宾语的只有it，另外要注意动词不定式在介词but后面时，前面是do的各种形式时，to要省略；否则要加上to。4. 作宾语补足语：动词不定式作动词feel, hear，see，watch，notice，observe等感官动词以及have, let，make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to符号。如：I saw him cross the road.He was seen to cross the road.批注：这些词用于被动时，要带上to。5. 作定语：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，

41、或者不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：He has no place to live.This is the best way to work out this problem.动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：Have you got anythin

42、g to send （你有什么东西要寄吗？不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”）Have you got anything to be sent （你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）用不定式作定语的几种情况补充：不定式表将来I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all，any等限定的中心词。如：He was the best man to do the jobShe was the first woman to win the gold me

43、dal in the Olympic Games.用于修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。如：Do you have the ability to read and write English 6. 作状语1）表目的He worked day and night to get the money.注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：为了省钱，能用的方法都用上了。判断对错：To save money, eve

44、ry means has been tried. （ ）To save money, he has tried every means. （ ）批注：不定式位于句首时，句子的前后逻辑主语要保持一致。2）表结果He arrived late to find the train gone.常用only放在不定式前表示强调：I visited him only to find him out.批注：only to do sth通常表示的是意料之外的结果。3) 表原因They were very sad to hear the news.4) 表程度Its too dark for us to see

45、 anything.The question is simple for him to answer5)作独立成分To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked.四、不定式符号to的保留问题有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词后：expect，hope，wish，mean，prefer，care，forget，want，try以及be glad/happy；would like/love等后面。如：I havent been to Hong Kong，but I wish to.。I didnt te

46、ll him the news. Oh，you ought to have.五、动词不定式的几种特殊结构1）for sb.to do 还是of sb.to do “for+逻辑主语+不定式”结构称为不定式复合结构，介词可用for或of。当形式主语句型中的表语是形容词，来描述不定式动作时，逻辑主语之前使用for；当它描述不定式的逻辑主语，说明其品质、特征或属性时，要用of，常见形容词有good，nice，clever，wise，foolish，stupid，honest，kind，polite，careful，cruel，brave，crazy等。2)too . to结构在英语中，“too+ad

47、j./adv.+to do sth.”结构表示否定意义，意为“太而不能”。也可用so.that句型来表示，但that从句必须用否定形式。如：Youre too young to understand such things.=Youre so yong that you cant understand such things.批注：在下列场合下，too. to结构表示肯定意义：某些形容词与too.to 连用表示肯定意义，too相当于very much。这些形容词多是表示心情的词和描述性的形容词。如：ready，glad，pleased，surprised，delighted，happy，eas

48、y，eager，thankful，anxious，willing，good，kind，true等。在too前加上only，but，all，simply或just时，too.to结构表示肯定意义。如：Im only too glad to meet you here again.【例1】The Clarks haven't decided yet which hotel_. A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying【解析】此句的宾语为动词不定式的复合结构“疑问词+不定式”。故排除B 项和D项，stay是不及物动词，必

49、须接介词才能跟宾语，因此选C【答案】C【例2】I don't like_ bills but when I do get them ，I like_ them promptly. A to get, paying B. getting, to pay C. to get, to pay D. getting, paying【解析】动词“like”后即可接动名词作宾语也可接不定式作宾语，但是“to like doing sth”表示一般性的行为，概念较为抽象化。如：He likes swimming;而“to like to cloth。”表示具体动作或情况，如：I don't

50、like to disturb you；此句的第一空应选择“getting”，泛指收到帐单这一抽象行为，后一空选择“to pay”，表示具体的一次付款举动。【答案】B【例3】He prefers . A. to write his letters rather than dictating them B. to write his letters rather than dictate them C. writing his letters rather than dictate them D. writing his letters rather than have dictated the

51、m【解析】prefer后既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词，前者表示具体的动作或行为，后者表示抽象的概念。但注意以下搭配，或“prefer to do sthrather than do sth（宁愿做而不愿做.）”或“prefer doing sthto doing sthelse（喜欢胜过）”如：to prefer to die rather than surrender(宁死不屈)，to prefer doing to talking(喜欢做而不喜欢说)。【答案】B（建议5-10分钟）1. The flu is considered _ by viruses which are likely to reproduce in the cell s inside the human nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 2. What is the best way Mike can think of _ Jane with her experiment? A. t