名词性从句导学案

1、名词性从句导学案名词性从句【定义】 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。【分类】 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 【引导名词性从句的连接词】1. 引导名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为： 1）连接代词：who(-ever) , what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose (-ever) 做主语、宾语、表语 2）连接副词：when(-ever), where (-ever), why (-ever), how (-ever) 做状语 3）连接词：that, whether, if 不充当任何充分2. 连接词在句中的功能 T

2、he fact is that we have lost the game. I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how she can work well. I dont care about whether you have money or not. I have no idea when he will return. 四大名词性从句（一）主语从句【定义】在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句【考题再现】1. _fashion differs from country to country may reflect

3、 the cultural differences from one aspect. A What B That C This D Which2. _we cant get seems better than _we have.A What, what B What, that C That, that D That , what【it-主语从句】 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：(1)It +be+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/import

4、ant/certain等)+that从句It is important that we should study English hard.(2)It +be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句 Its a pity that he cant come to the party.(3)It +be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句 It is reported that Liuxiang has recovered from his injury.(4)It+特殊动词(seems, appears,

5、happens, matters)+that从句 It seems that there is something wrong with my car.【跟踪练习】 _ people spend so much money on their pets _ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There

6、B.This C.That D. It It is pretty well understood_ control the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how （二）宾语从句【定义】在句中用作宾语的从句叫作宾语从句【分类】下列从句分别做什么宾语？ I heard that he joined the army.  Our success depends upo

7、n how well we can cooperate with one another.  I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. 【结论】宾语从句做_宾语、_宾语、_宾语。【考题再现】1.I think its going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _we can do about it. A if B how C

8、what D that2. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. A however B whatever C whichever D whenever【注意】有些动词不能直接跟that 从句，而习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it, 这类动词（短语）有: hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike, appreciate, see to, insist on, depend on , allow, refuse, let, orgive, help,等+ it

9、that.。 I would appreciate it if you can give me a quick reply.【跟踪练习】 Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. his（三）表语从句 在句中充当表语的从句叫作表语从句【考题再现】1. What the doctors really doubt is_my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A when B

10、how C whether D why2.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _you had a few days off? A why B when C what D where【补充说明】表语从句常见于be动词之后，有时见于look, remain, seem之后；引导表语从句的that一般不可省略。引导表语从句的连接词除前面所列的常用词之外，还可由the reason is that 和It is because , it looks as if

11、/though  等结构引出。【跟踪练习】1. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? - oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited2. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. wh

12、ich D. why四）同位语从句【定义】在句中用作同位语的从句叫作同位语从句该类从句通常用在idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth 等抽象名词的后面，说明该名词所表示的具体内容,常用的关联词有that, how, when, where等【考题再现】1. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as2. They h

13、ave no idea at all_.A where he has gone B where did he goC which place he has gone D where has he gone【注意】同位语从句和定语从句的区别判断以下从句是定语从句还是同位语从句:(1)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again. ( )(2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.( )(3) The book that I b

14、ought yesterday is worth reading.( )(4) This is the question that I asked my teacher yesterday .( )(5) The problem that we have not enough money has not yet been solved. ( ) 几个需要注意的问题1. whether 与 if我不知道他是否会来。（whether or not/have no idea）I dont know whether or not hell come.I have no idea whether he

15、will come.每样东西都取决于情况是否会改变。Everything depends on whether the situation will change.我们是否会去取决于天气。 Whether well go depends on the weather. 问题是它是否值得被做。 The question is whether it is worth doing. 请告诉我去不去。（不定式） Please tell me whether to go（or not）.结论一: 只能用whether的场合1）主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句2）whether or not 连用3）介词之

16、后4）whether to do（inf.）结论二：Whether 和 if 可以替换的场合：宾语从句中2.that 与 what1） I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2）Our school is quite different from _ it was before.3）Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.4）_ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5)_

17、the earth is round is known to us all.【结论】连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。【高考链接】1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. （92) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. ( 93) A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3) Theres a feeling in me

18、_well never know what a UFO is - not ever. （02） A. that B. which C. of which D. what 3.主语从句的主谓一致That they will come _certain.What he wants _ some water. What he wants _these books. 【结论】1)主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式. 2)What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.4.名词性从句中的时态问题【高考链接】1、Scientists think that the con

19、tinents _ always where they_ today. (05北京卷)A. arent; are B. arent; were    C. werent; are   D. werent; were 2、 Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷)Awent   Bare going   Chave gone  Dhad gone 【结

20、论】u 当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；u 当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。5.名词性从句中的虚拟语气表示“坚持、命令、建议或要求”等词出现时，不管是在哪一种从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词形式为（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。例如：（一坚持）_（二命令）_、_(四建议）_、_、_、_（四要求）_、_、_、_以及他们的同根名词。He suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （宾语从句）It w

21、as suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （主语从句） His suggestion was that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （表语从句）He made a suggestion that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （同位语从句）【特别提醒主语从句中的虚拟语气】基本句型：1.It is suggested/ordered,/proposed/required/demanded/requested/insiste

22、d + (should) do 2.It is important/necessary/natural/desirable/strange/advisable/imperative + (should) do【考题点击】：1. Is it suggested that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this.A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3. His sugg

23、estion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try【特别提醒二insist/suggest不表虚拟语气时】当insist表示坚持既已发生事实时, 不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气. 如:The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.当suggest表示表明,暗示时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with our work

24、.6.疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的区别 【经典例题】1) _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. No matter Who2) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who【补充说明】名词从句中Whoever/whatever/whichever= anyone who

25、/ anything that/ any +n【经典例题】_, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 【结论】疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的区别1)前者既可以引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,2)而后者只能引导让步状

26、语从句. 在引导从句时,疑问词+ever 比单独用疑问词引导从句语气要强. 高考题1. Our teachers always tell us to believe in_ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which2. Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 3. When the news came

27、_ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because4. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that C. what D. which5. Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what6. Bef

28、ore a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 7. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what8. It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A.

29、that B. how C. when D. why9. It is not always easy for the public to see_ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that10. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom11.Modern science has given clear evidence _ smokin

30、g can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where12. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. A. where B. what C. whether D. which 13. It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. whe

31、re14. The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why15. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. what B. if C. how D. that16. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. th

32、at B. which C. what D. where17.When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _.A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering18. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he

33、goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why19. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever20. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. how B. whether C. what D. why21. Before the sales st

34、art, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which 22. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A. It B. This C. What D. As23. It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what 24. The notice

35、 came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how25. The new comer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever26. We havent settled the question of _ it is nec

36、essary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that27. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where28. After _ seemed to be hours of waiting in line, I finally got my turn to take the oral exam. A. that B. it C. what D.

37、which29. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why30.- Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do ? - No, _I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.

38、 A. who B. that C. what D. which31. Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that32. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expected it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether33. I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how34. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.; A. when B. that C. whether