Fiber Optic Dispersion Compensators光纤色散补偿器

1、.Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastTable of Contents 1.Executive Summary1-11.1 Planar Lightwave Circuits Market Forecast Overview1-1Technology advances are Pushing PLC Acceptance 1-2PLC Use Driven by Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH)1-2Reducing size, Weight, and Cost with Multiple Functi

2、ons 1-2Rise of Integrated Multifunction Optics1-3Regional Overview: Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLC) Consumption 1-3PLC Global Market to Reach $141.2 Million in 20151-41.2Enterprise Optical Communication Network Protocol Overview1-7 The IEEE 802.3z Standard Facilitated Higher Bandwidth LANs1-7Optical

3、 Fiber Use in Ethernet 1-8Enterprise Backbone 1-9Metropolitan Area Networks 1-10Resilient Packet Ring for Ethernet1-11Ethernet in the First Mile: An expected growth area for Gigabit Ethernet 1-11Copper Seen Viable for Low Cost, Short Distance Gigabit Ethernet 1-11Short Wavelength Fast Ethernet: A Ne

4、w Version of an Old Standard1-121.3Broadband and Fiber to the Premise Overview1-13Definition of Access and Metro1-13Dramatic Changes Ahead1-14Communications Advancements Affects Many Levels1-14Multiple Fiber Path Choices for Office Subscribers1-16Cogent's End-to-End Optical Network 1-16Broadband

5、 Defined (speeds exceeding 200 kbps) 1-18FCC: Advanced Telecommunications Capability1-18Why Broadband Development (FCC) 1-19FCC: USA is Number 1 and/or Number 11 in Broadband (It Depends)1-19Much More than High-Speed Internet Access1-19Cisco puts up $200 Million for P-Cube1-22Business Broadband: Mov

6、ing to 40 Gbps1-22Metro: ROADM and DWDM1-22Fiber to the Premise (FTTP) to be Facilitated by ROADMs1-22Rapid Growth of OADM Component Value1-23Private Data (“Enterprise”) Networks 1-24The “Triple-Play” and FTTP systems are Long-term1-24Hitachis OLTs1-25Many Cost Elements in Service Expansion1-25APON/

7、BPON1-25BPON1-26ITU: Passive Optical Networks Activity (GE-PON) 1-26G-PON (Supports ATM and Ethernet)1-26Comparison: PONs1-27FTTU: Based on the ITU G.9831-28Standards: G.984.1 and G.984.2. G.984.11-28GIANT Consortium: Packet Centric Metro Network (Europe1-29The IEEE 802.3ah Standard (EFM)1-29Etherne

8、t in the First Mile (EFM) Activity in Japan1-29Joint Procurement Contract (JPC) for FTTP1-30Broadband Services1-30FTTP Activity: Verizon1-30FTTP Activity: Bell South1-30The FCCs NEW RULES of October 20041-31FTTP Activity: SBC1-31RBOCs versus Cable and CLECs 1-31Electric Power Fiber-to-the-Business1-

9、32FCC Adopts Rules for Broadband over Access-BPL 1-32Specifically, the FCCs Access BPL Order by the Commission:1-33Fiber in the Loop1-34Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastTable of Contents (Continued)The Telco's Dilemma1-34PONs or Ethernet Switched Optical Network Considerati

10、ons1-34Passive Optical Networks (PONs) Disadvantages1-35Covaro Networks Ethernet over Fiber Platform1-35FSO: Free Space Optics1-36Office Access Fiber Optic Components1-37Explosion in Communication Mobility1-371.4Fiber Optics Industry Overview1-381.4.1Boom, Bust and the Recovery1-38Whats Ahead?1-44Co

11、mponent Evolution1-44Devices and Parts Vendors Took a Severe Beating1-451.4.2Fiber Optics Industry: Decade-to-Decade1-46A Quarter Century of Dynamic Growth1-48Growth Shifting To Access Networks1-49Access Bottleneck a Severe Problem1-50Optical Communications Still a Relatively Young Industry1-51AT&am

12、p;T/KDD Credentialed Fiber Amplifiers1-53AON is Zero Regeneration (Regen)1-532.PLC Market Forecast, by Function2-12.1Overview2-1PLCs Global Market Value to Reach $141.2 Million in 20152-1PLC Sales Prices (ASPs)2-3PLCs North American Market Value to Reach $60.5 Million in 20152-4PLCs European Market

13、Value to Reach $21.7 Million in 20152-5PLCs Japan/Pacific Rim Market Value to Reach $56.9 Million in 20152-6PLCs Rest of World Market Value to Reach $ Million in 20152-72.2Array Waveguides (AWGs)2-8Waveguide Array2-12New Athermal Arrayed Wave Guide (AWG)2-122.3 PLC-Based Photonic Switches2-13Europea

14、n high speed test bed: PERSYST2-132.4 PLC-Based VOAs2-15Polymer PLCVOA Fabricated by Hot Embossing Process2-162.5 PLC-Based Couplers/Splitters2-17Optical Power Splitters2-18Reliability a Major Concern2-21Telcordia: Generic Requirement2-22Planar Glass Couplers2-22Optical Amplifier Couplers2-23DWDM Th

15、e Main Driver2-28Many Steps in Optical Fiber Amplifier Assembly2-28Wavelength Division Multiplex (WDM) Fiber Optic Coupler is Required2-29Monitor Tap Couplers2-302.6 Lithium Niobate-Based Modulator (PLC Device)2-31Optical wave-guides formed by defusing elements2-32Bandwidth Prices Fall as Demand Int

16、ensifies2-33Transmitter Technologies Push Speed2-34Evolution of Integration2-34Modulators Used in Integration2-352.7Interconnect Waveguides2-36Polymer Microsystem-Based Passive Alignment Method2-37Configurable Lightwave Circuits2-372.8Other Devices Using PLCs2-38Tunable Filters2-38Planar Lightwave C

17、ircuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastTable of Contents (Continued)DWDM Filters2-39DWDM Interleavers2-39Dynamic gain equalizers2-39Adaptive chromatic dispersion compensator2-40Inorganic or organic materials2-402.9Integrated Multifuction PLCs2-41Future Trends to Higher Integration2-41Lowest-Loss Conne

18、ctions2-42Multifunction Mux and Variable Optical Attenuator Module2-42PLC Chip Provides High-Levels of Integration2-43Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM)2-43Manufacturing Complex Photonics Components2-43Erbium Doped Waveguide Amplifiers2-433.Optical Communication Trends3-13.1Overview

19、3-1Dispersion if Biggest Challenge3-2New Compensation Techniques Essential for 40 Gbps3-2New Fiber for 40 Gbps3-2Dynamic Compensation Essential3-3Submarine Networks Lead LH/ULH Technology3-3Complexity Rapidly Increasing3-4Networks and Equipment3-4AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES3-4NORTEL NETWORKS3-5SYCAMORE NET

20、WORKS3-6TERAGRID3-640 Gbps Link Trials3-7ALCATEL3-7LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES / GLOBAL CROSSING3-7AGERE SYSTEMS3-840 Gbps Components3-8MODULATION3-8Instrumentation Not Ready3-9MINIATURIZATION / INTEGRATION3-9SOLITON PULSE3-9Solitons are RZ3-1040 Gbps Integrated Circuits3-1040 Gbps Instrumentation3-11No Go

21、at Zero Dispersion3-12Many Problems with Bulk Fiber Compensators3-123.2Fiber Network Technology Trends3-13Internet is Different3-14Long Haul/Ultra Long Haul Gap-Filling Expansion Near Term3-15ASICs a Major Challenge3-16Private Data Networks Ethernet Oriented3-17Intra-Equipment/Intra-Enclosure Links

22、Dominated by Multifiber3-17Chasing the All-Optical Network3-193.3Components3-203.3.1Overview3-203.3.2Transmitters and Receivers3-203.3.3Optical Amplifiers3-203.3.4Dispersion Compensators3-213.3.5Fiber Cable3-22Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastTable of Contents (Continued)3.4Dev

23、ices and Parts3-233.4.1Overview3-233.4.2Emitters and Detectors3-23Monolithic Integration Long Term3-233.4.3VCSEL & Transceiver Technology Review3-2410 Gbps Serial VCSEL Packaging3-26Advanced Transceiver Packaging: WWDM/CWDM Approaches3-27Physical Implementations of Optical Interconnects3-32Optic

24、al Backplanes3-35SONET OC-192 Very Short Reach (VSR) Links3-36The Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF3-38Twelve Channel Parallel VCSEL Option3-39Four Channel Parallel VCSEL Option3-4010 Gbps Serial VSR Options3-41How about OC-768 VSR?3-41Expected Usage by Module Type3-42Consumption Forecast3-433.4.4O

25、ptoelectronic Application-Specific Integrated Circuits3-443.4.5Modulators3-443.4.6Packages3-443.4.7Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits3-46MATERIALS3-46Silicon-Germanium3-47Compound Semiconductors3-47Vendor Background of RF/Microwave3-49Integration3-49Hybrid versus Monolithic Integration3-50Hybrid Opt

26、o ASIC Packaging3-53Monolithic Integration; Wave of the Future3-53Data Speeds3-54“Superdata” Expectations3-55FIBER3-56WDM3-56TDM3-5740 Gbps Ahead?3-57Why Higher Data Rates are Tough to Achieve3-58Integrated Circuits More Difficult3-58Optical Fiber the Biggest Challenge3-58Forward Error Correction (F

27、EC) a Partial Solution3-60PACKAGING3-604.Methodology4-14.1Research and Analysis Methodology4-14.2Assumptions of the Global Market Forecast4-4Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastList of Tables 1.1.1Hierarchy of Selected PLC-Based Devices1-11.2.1Ethernet Standards Suite1-71.2.2IEEE

28、Distance Specifications for Fiber-Optic Ethernet by Fiber Type1-81.2.1.3Migration or Upgrade Scenarios to Gigabit Ethernet1-91.3.1Leaders in Broadband, based on Total Subscribers at >200Kbps (one-way)1-191.3.2Minimum & Ideal Speeds Necessary for Popular Applications1-211.3.3Selected PON Compa

29、rison1-272.1.1PLC Global Consumption Market Forecast,Device Type by Function (Value Basis, $ Million)2-22.1.2PLC North American Consumption Market Forecast,Device Type by Function (Value Basis, $ Million)2-42.1.3PLC European Consumption Market Forecast,Device Type by Function (Value Basis, $ Million

30、)2-52.1.4PLC Japan/Pacific Rim Consumption Market Forecast,Device Type by Function (Value Basis, $ Million)2-62.1.5PLC Rest of World Consumption Market Forecast,Device Type by Function (Value Basis, $ Million)2-73.3.3.1.5OIF Proposals under Consideration3-38 Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global M

31、arket ForecastList of Figures1.1.1PLC Global Consumption Market Forecast, By Region (Value Basis, $ Million)1-41.1.2Planar Waveguide Circuits Global Consumption Value, Discrete Devices & Integrated Multifunctional Devices ($, Million)1-51.1.3PWC Global Consumption Market Forecast, Device Type By

32、 Function (Value Basis, $ Million)1-61.2.1.1Gigabit Product deployment1-101.3.1Access Network Elements1-131.3.2Fibber-to-the-Office Forecast Structure1-151.3.3Cogent Communications Multi-National IP Network1-171.3.4Broadband-to-the-Premise1-211.3.5Fully Reconfigurable OADM1-231.3.6Hitachis AMN 1200

33、(B-PON OLT)1-251.3.7Alcatel 7340 FTTU-PON System1-281.3.9Free Space Optics (FSO) Illustration1-361.4.1.1LH/SLH/Submarine Global Fiber Optic Component Shipments, Consumption and Inventory Value Trends, 1990-20061-391.4.1.2Regulated Telco Metro/Access Global Fiber Optic Component Shipments Consumption

34、 and Inventory Value Trends, 1990-20061-411.4.1.3 Enterprise LAN/WAN, SAN, BBTH, SOHO Global Fiber Optic ComponentShipments, Consumption and Inventory Value Trends, 1990-20061-421.4.1.4 Price Trends of a Typical Maturing Component, 1997-20071-451.4.1.5Contrasting Trends During the Business Cycle1-46

35、1.4.2.1Evolution of Research Emphasis During Technology Life Cycle1-511.4.2.3Evolving to the All-Optical Network1-522.1.1PLC Global Consumption Market Forecast, (Quantity Basis: 1,000/units)2-22.1.2Planar Lightwave Circuits Global Consumption Average Selling Price (ASP), $/Each Unit2-32.2.1 PLCs Use

36、d to Produce: Discrete Array Waveguides (AWGs) Global Consumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-82.2.2NxN Passive Optical Multiplexer2-102.2.3Waveguide Array Grating Filter2-112.3.1PLCs Used to Produce: Discrete Photonic Switches GlobalConsumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-132.4.1 PLCs Used to

37、 Produce: Variable Optical Attenuators (VOAs) GlobalConsumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-152.5.1PLCs Used to Produce: Couplers/Splitters Global Consumption Value,By Region ($, Million)2-172.5.2AWG DWDM Filter2-182.5.3Polymer Photonic Technology & Components Examples2-232.5.4FBT Coupler2-24

38、2.5.5Branching Structure2-252.5.6Coupler Architecture2-262.5.7Planar Photo Receiver2-272.5.8Film Optical Link Module2-272.5.9WDM System2-282.5.10Optical Fiber Amplifier Components Value Added Progression2-292.5.11Fiber Optic Coupler Applications2-302.6.1 PLCs Used to Produce: Lithium Niobate Modulat

39、ors Global Consumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-312.7.1 PLCs Used to Produce: Interconnect Waveguides Global Consumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-362.8.1 PLCs Used to Produce: “Other” Discrete Devices Global Consumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-382.9.1 PLCs Used to Produce: Integrated Multifunctional Devices Global Consumption Value, By Region ($, Million)2-41Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) Global Market ForecastList of Figures (Continued)2.9.2 Integration vs. Discrete Solutions2-423.