It的用法讲解与练习题(共9页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上It的用法（专项总结）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):  Is this your dog？No, it isnt.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二、.非人称代词

2、0;1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：   .指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt  it?    .指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:It is April First today.  .指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B.指价值:It is three dollars.      .指温度:Tod

3、ay it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：    Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.).     I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.   Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况)   It doesnt matter. &#

4、160; It is a shame, isnt  it?  How is it going?(情况怎样) It says in the newspaper that.3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思   The last train's gone. Come on, we'll foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。)四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句  It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.)

5、that 从句 常译为清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的）    It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.   = That  hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.   It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that 从句  常译为是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should +

6、动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。    It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.  It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。     It is said that he has come t

7、o Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.  It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令）    It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.    I

8、t was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)     It is time that children went to bed.It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done )  It was (从句用过去完成时had done )常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the fir

9、st time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been hereIt is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句.  that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。  It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你

10、们班上，真是遗憾！   It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起来”       It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式主语替代不定式. It is kind ( of sb.

11、 ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有：  bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。  如

12、:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:

13、It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. It takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做要花费某人。 如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.  3.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用”   It is no g

14、ood learning English without speaking English.   It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。 We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom

15、 every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型:  It is/was  + 被强调部分 + that 从句

16、 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)  It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。   It was not until she

17、took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.七、常用句型及考点I. 形式主语型 1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain) that 2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural)that 掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气 (should+动词原形)，should可以省去。 3. It is no good (use) doing sth 4. It is

18、 a pity (a shame ) that 本句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气 (should十动词原形)，should可以省去。表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 5. It is time (about time，high time) that 本句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。 6. It is the first (second)time that 7. It is said (reported，learned)that 8. It is suggested (ordered) that 本句型中的过去分词应该是表示请求、建议、命令等的词，t

19、hat后的从句要用虚拟语气(should十动词原形)，should可以省略。常译为“据建议；有命令”。 9. It happens (seems，appears) that 10. It takes sbto do sth 11. It doesnt matter whether 12. It is kind (of sb) to do sth 本句型中的不定式如果需要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of，而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，mode

20、st，naughty, polite，rude，silly, stupid，wise，wrong等。 13. It is necessary ( for sb) to do sth 14. It is (just) like sb to do sth 本句型为“某人(恰恰)是样子”。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表示怀疑。 例：It's like him to leave the work to others 他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。 15. It is up to sb to do sth 本句型表示“谊由某人做”。II强调句型 It is+ 被强调部分+that/w

21、ho 本句型中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。III其他句型 1. It issince 本句型主句中用时间作表语，一般用现在时或完成时，since引导的从句常用瞬间动词的一般过去时态。主句如用一般过去时，则从句用过去完成时。 2. It iswhen 本句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。 3. It looks (seems) as if 本句型中的as if引导一个状语从句，常译为“看起来好像”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气 例1 It looks as if he is ill (真的病

22、了) . 例2 It looks as if he were ill (没有生病) .Exercises:一单项选择1.It was at the gate _ he told me the news. A. that B. what C. which D. when2.Is _necessary to tell his father everything A. it B. that C. what D. he3.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died?A. that B. in which C. in where D. which 4.Is

23、 _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. now B. man C. that D. it 5.Was it during the Second World War _he died? A. that B. while C. in which D. then 6.Is _necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he7.I don't think _possible to master a foreign langu

24、age without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it8.Does _matter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it 9.It was not _she took off her dark glasses _ ,I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then10.Toms mother ke

25、pt telling him that he should work harder, but _didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it 11._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It12. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? Anow Bman Cthat Dit13Our food and service are better t

26、han _ used to be.Ait Bwe Cthey Dthem14_ appears to me _ the report must be truth.AThat; it BIt; that CIt; it DThat; that15He feels _ duty to help others.Athat he Bthat his Cit he Dit his16Take _ easy. The roads are icy.Ait Bthem Cus Dyou17The TV sets made in China are much better than _ in Japan.Ath

27、at Bthose Cthem DIt18 Have you found the bike you lost yesterday? Yes, I've found _ already.Ait Bthat Cthe one Dthat one19. I'm looking for a flat. Would you like _ with _ garden?Ait; the Bit; a Cone; a Done; the20_ was _ who I met in the museum this morning.AIt; him BIt; he CThat; he D. Tha

28、t; him21It was in the rice fields _ we had our League meeting.Awhere Bthat Cin which Don which 22_ you come to the party so late?AWhy is it BWhy it isCWhy it is that DWhy is it that23 Were all three people in the car injured in the accident No, _ only the two passengers _ got hurtAthey were; that Bt

29、here was; thatCit was; who Dthere are; who 24I don' t think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work .Athis Bthat Cits Dit25It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was a famous film starA. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then26.It was not

30、until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.Awhile Bwhich Cthat Dsince27_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.AThere BThis CThat DIt28It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.Athat Buntil Cbefore Dwhen29It was only when I re

31、read his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.Auntil Bthat Cthen DSo30I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.Ait Bthat Cthese Dthem31 Why don't we take a little break? Didn't we just have _ ?Ait Bthat Cone Dthis 32.Was it during the Second World War _ he died？Athat B

32、While Cin whichDThen33.Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship？ AnowBthatCitDMan34.I don't think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work AThis Bthat CitsDIt35._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language AThere BThis CThatDIt36.It was a

33、bout 600 years ago _ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made Athat Buntil CbeforeDwhen37._computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it is thatBWhy is it thatCWhy was it thatDWhy is it38. Was it during the Second World War _he died?A. that B. while C. in which D.then39.

34、 Is _ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A. everyone B.this C.her D.it 40. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A.now B.that C.it D.man 41. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this B.that C.its D.it42. She heard of a terrible

35、noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that 43. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he44. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.this B.that C.he D.it45.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but

36、 _ didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it46.The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it47._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It48.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.A.

37、it B.those C.them D.one49.It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that B.until C.before D.when50.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them51.It was only when I reread his poems recently_ I began to appreciate their beauty.A

38、.until B.that C.then D.so52.It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it53.It _ you that _ to blame.A.is;is B.is; are C.are;are D.are;is54.Was_that I saw last night at the concert?A.it you B.not you C.you D.that you 55._ electricity plays

39、 such an important part in our life? A.Why is it that B.Why is it C.Why it is that D.Why is that 56.It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A.what;what B.that;that C.what;that D.that;what 57.It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Harris _ they did the experiment.A.which; that B.that; what C.whom; that D.which; where58.Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas.A.themselves B.it C.that D.this 59.Someone is at the door, who is ?A.this B.that C.it D.he