18-19Unit3SectionⅢGrammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语

1、Section 田 Grammar过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powdersdesigned to kill snakes. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes' habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. The

2、 next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish . The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.1 .句中的过去分词（短语）在 句中作定语。2 .句中为单个的过去分词作定语， 常常放在被修饰名词的前面；句 中过去分词短语作定语，常常 放在被修饰名词的后面。3 .句中的过去分词 accepted在句 中作宾语补足语，与其所修饰的词 new idea

3、s构成被动关系。语法精要点拨考点一过去分词作定语1 .过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。 分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。The concertgiven by their friends was a success.他们朋友举办的音乐会很成功。2 .单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短 语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词后。They are cleaning thefallen leaves in the yard.他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。The meeting, attended by over five thousan

4、d people welcomed the great hero.（他们举行了）欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。3 .过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。We must adapt our regulations to thohanged conditions.=We must adapt our regulations to the conditionShat have been changed.我们必须调整规章制度来适应变化了的情况。4 .有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。in the given time在既定的时间内with the words given

5、用所给的单词a concerned look个关切的神情the peopleconcerned 有关人士名师点津及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动”的意义如：spoken English（英语口语）；iced beer处冻口W酉）；cooked food（熟食）；friedchips（炸土豆条）。不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被动”意义。如：boiled water（开水）；fallen leaves哈叶）；the risen sun叶起的太阳）5 即时演练1下面的句子改为简单句 Most of the people who had been que

6、stioned were students.fMost of the people questioned were students. Do you know the number of the books which have been ordered?fDo you know the number of the books ordered?考点二过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，总是在系动词 be, appear; seem, look, remain, feel, get 等之后，通常表示主语所处的状态，这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有seated, surp

7、rised, astonished, amazed, moved,exhausted, worried, devoted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, delighted, satisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed 等。I am pleased with the result of the experiment.我对试验结果很满意。The door remainedlocked.门仍然锁着。I hope we canget more involved in our community and ou

8、r life will be colorful.我希望我们更多地参与到社区中来，我们的生活将变得丰富多彩。名师点津过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。（强调杯子的状态）The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。（强调动作）即时演练2完成句子对于那些与家人相距遥远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重 要。For those with family members far away , the personal computer and the phone are im

9、portant in staying connected.【导学号：40342019】当等待机会被提升的时候，亨利尽力履行好他的职责。While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.考点三过去分词作宾语补足语能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意 义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系， 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语。1 .在感官动词（see, hear, notice, w

10、atch等）和表示心理状态的动词（feel, find 等）后。He watched the TV setcarried out of the room.他看到电视机被搬到房间外面了。2 .表示“致使”意义的动词，如have, make, get, keep, leave等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。I had my leg broken in the football game.我的腿在足球赛中摔坏了。3 .表示思维活动的动词，如 consider, know, think等后可接过去分词作宾 语补足语。I considered the mattersettled.我认为这件事解决了。4 .

11、表示爱憎、意愿的动词，如 want, wish, like, hate等。I wanted two tickets reserved.我要预定两张机票。5 .在with的复合结构中。He sat there with his hands tied behind.他手被捆在后面坐在那里。名师点津过去分词、现在分词与动词不定式作宾语补足语时的区别(1)过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“被动和完成”含义，或仅仅表示“状 态”。(2)现在分词作宾语补足语表示其与所修饰的词之间为主谓关系。由延续性 动词转化而来的现在分词作补足语，表示过程的一部分；而由瞬间性动词转化而 来的现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作的反复

12、。(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程或者是动作已经结束。即时演练3单句语法填空 He worked so hard that he got his pay raised(raise) People in the south have their houses_made(make) of bamboo.With the whole city built(build)around water, Guilin is one of the most popular tourist destinations in China.语法应用落实I .单句语法填空1. I heard my name

13、 called (call) when I came in.2. She looked disappointed (disappoint) at the results of the exam.3. Who were the socalled guests invited (invite) to your party last night?4. Back from his two- year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken (take)good care of at home.5.

14、 John Snow told the story about the astonished (astonish) people in Broad Street.6. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.7. Everyone present is very inspired(inspire) at his speech.8. As we joined the big crowd I got Jost(lose) from my friend

15、s.9. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated(seat) as the plane was making a landing.【导学号：40342019】10. With everything considered(consider) his plan is better than yours.H .单句改错1. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so left the room really worrying.worrying fworried2.

16、When I got there, I found the farm tools have repaired.去掉have3. The United States is a developing country.developingdeveloped4. If you want to make yourself respect you are above all to respect others.第一个 respect respected5. The boy looked up with a pleasing expression.pleasing pleased6. When I entered the classroom I saw some strangers seating at the back.seating seated7. The lecture, started at 7 pm last night was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.startecR starting8. "It's such a nice place," m