人教版八年级上英语讲义_Unit8与练习

1、八年级上英语讲义Unit 8How do you make a banana milk shake?学生姓名就读学校时 间本章的知识清单知识框架表知识点重要性级别U 8重点句型How do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need?-We need three bananas How much yogurt do we need?/g nGGrl cr>G ci in cf x/cciirtv veneedonecupofyoguiL.Turn on the blender.Cut up the bananas.P

2、our the milk into the blender.Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.语法可数名词和/、可数名词的用法祈使句的用法Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?短语集萃1. turn on 打开2. cut up 切碎3. milk shake 奶昔4. pour into 把倒进里5. fruit salad 水果沙拉6. put into 把放进里7. a piece of 一片8. fill with用 装满 9. cover with 用覆盖10. serve sth. t

3、o sb.把某物端给某人11. one by one 一个接一个12. a cup of 一杯13. how many+可数名词复数 多少14. how much+不可数名词 多少15. mix up 混合在一起16. addto把加到上17. reason for 的理由18. another ten minutes 再过 10 分钟单元语法（一）祈使句祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、警告或禁止等语气的句子。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称，通常省略，谓 语动词用动词原形。祈使句的句末通常用句号或感叹号。（一）祈使句的四种句式：1. Let型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.Let him com

4、e here.让他来这儿。2. Do型：行为动词原形+宾语+其他.Cut up these bananas.把这些香蕉切碎。3. Be型：Be+表语（名词、形容词等）+其他.Be quiet.保持安静。4. No+动名词/名词.No smoking!禁止吸烟！No photos!禁止拍照！注意：为了使祈使句的语气更委婉，常在句首或句尾加上pleaseoSit down, please.请坐。经典例题s a school ahead.D. Drivings very dangeroOK, thank you.D. can ' t例 1.carefully, Michael! ThereA

5、. DriveB. To driveC. Drove答案：A例 2. -Jim,read books while you are walking in the street. ItA. don ' tB. doesn ' tC. won ' t答案：A（二）可数名词与不可数名词1 .英语中个体名词是可数名词，它们所表示的人或物可以用数来计量。例如：banana, apple, watermelon, tomato等。物质名词一般是不可数名词，它们所表示的事物不能用数来计量。例如：milk, yogurt, honey, bread等。2 .可数名词有复数形式，不可数名词

6、没有复数形式。3 .可数名词单数前面可用不定冠词a/ an；不可数名词前不能用a/ an。Would you like an apple? 你想要一个苹果吗？I like milk.我喜欢牛奶。4 .可数名词复数可以用a few, few, many等修饰；不可数名词则可以用a little, little, much等修饰。many books 许多书a little water 一点儿水5 .可数名词的计数可以直接用数词表示；不可数名词的计数要使用量词来表示。three oranges 三个橘子a cup of tea 一杯茶6 .有些词既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。lots of

7、= a lot of许多，大量；some一些，用于肯定句；any一些，用于否定句或疑问句。例 3. -What can I do for you?-Er, I want a glass of milk, some bread and.A. some chickensB. any chickensC. some chicken答案：C例 4. I ' m going to the supermarket to buy some this afternoon.A. paper and pencilB. apples and banana C. milk and eggsD. bowl an

8、d spoons答案：C（三）how many 与 how much1. how many常用来提问可数名词的数量。其结构为:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句？A. MakeB. To makeC. MakingD. MakesHow many tomatoes do you need? 你需要多少西红柿?2. how much常用来提问不可数名词的量。其结构为:How much+不可数名词+一般疑问句？How much milk do you need? 你需要多少牛奶?拓展：how much还可以用来提问价格，其结构为:How much+ be+ sth.?How much are

9、these bananas?这些香蕉多少钱?例 5.-people are there in your family?Three.A. How oftenB. How longC. How manyD. How much答案：C语法专练与中考对接语法专练单项选择1.-yogurt do you want?-Three spoons.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. What2.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. What3. Let ' sfruit salad.A. makesB. to makeC. ma

10、kingD. make4. - Can I help you, sir?-Yes. I ' d like fiveand some peOsf ）.A. tomatoesB. potatoC. meatD.banana5. Don ' tto say“Thank you.”when someone helps you.6.A. forgetsB. forgetC. forgotD. forgettingfruit salad, please.apples does she have? - Four.名校金题1. I was so busy with my school work

11、 that I had time to play with my friends in those days.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a fewA. How longB. How oftenC. How muchD. How many答案：A2. I walked a long way., I got there.A. NextB. FirstC. ThenD. Finally答案：D3. We all know that good friends happiness to life.A.added答案：DB.addsC. addingD. add4. Jac

12、kthe microwave oven and warmed the milk.A. turned onB. turned offC. turned upD. turned down答案：A5. Time is not enough for so much work.are needed, I think.A. More three persons答案：BB. Three more personsC. Three another persons D. Another three person中考真题1 . People usually like the TV channels with fun

13、nier programmes but advertisements.A. few答案：CB. littleC. fewerD. less2 .wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A. Don ' t答案：AB. Doesn tC. Aren ' tD. Can ' t3. -What kind of porridge would you like, Alice?A. egg porridgeB. eggs porridge答案：AI would likeC. fish porridgesD. fishes

14、porridge-Let me think We need three apples.4. -apples do we need to make fruit salad?答案：D5. -Would you like to have apples? - No, thank you. I ' ve had enough.A. other twoB. another twoC. more twoD. two others答案：BSection A考点 Turn on the blender.打开搅拌器。turn on意为“打开”，其反义词组是turn off ,意为“关上”。它们是由“动词+

15、副词”构成的短语动词，宾语是 代词时，代词应放在动词与副词中间；宾语是名词时，名词既可放在副词后面也可放在动词与副词中间。Please don ' t turn on the blender不要打开搅拌器。I want to watch TV. Please turn it on.我想看电视。请打开它。考点Cut up the bananas.切碎香蕉。cut up意为"切碎"，同义短语为 cut into piecesoMy mother usually cuts up meat before she makes dumplings. 我妈妈包水饺前通常先把肉切碎

16、。Cut up the apples for me. = Cut the apples into pieces for me. 把苹果给我切成块。注意：cut up是一个“动词+副词”类型的短语。当名词作宾语时，名词既可放在副词后面，也可放在动词与副词中间；当代词作宾语时，则要放在动词与副词中间。考点 Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入搅拌器。pour此处用作及物动词，意为“倒出；倾倒” 。pourinto意为“把倒进里”。He poured some water into the cup.他往杯子里倒了些水。Don' t pour dirty w

17、ater into the river.不要往河里倒脏水。拓展：pour后还可接双宾语。pour sb. sth.= pour sth. for sb.意为“给某人倒某物”。Could I pour you a cup of tea? = Could I pour a cup of tea for you? 我可以给你倒杯茶吗？考点 Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water.接下来， 把牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放进锅里，加些水。(1) putinto意为"把放到里"，其中into是

18、表示动态的介词。He put all the apples into the box.他把所有的苹果放到了箱子里。拓展：put的相关短语：putin 把放进里puton 把放到上(2) add在此处作及物动词，意为“增加；添加” 。The fire is going out. Will you add some wood? 火要灭了，你添点儿木头好吗？Add 5 to 3 and you have 8.3 力口 5 等于 8.拓展：add的相关短语：addto 把加进里 add to增加(其宾语多为困难、欢乐等抽象名词)考点 No, one more thing. 不，还有一件事。more形容

19、词，意为"又；再"，与another同义。He wants to have two more apples.他想再吃两个苹果。拓展： 数词+more+名词=another+数词+名词two more days= another two days 另夕卜两天考点 Finally, don ' t forget to add some salft 后,不要忘了加些盐。finally用作副词，意为“最后；最终”，其近义词组是 at last或in the end。Finally, they thought of a good idea.最终，他们想出了一个好主意。拓展：f

20、inally常与first, next及then一起使用，用来描述做某事的过程或步骤，使叙述更具逻辑性，意为“首先，接着，然后，最后”。Section B考点 First, put some butter on a piece of bread. 首先，把一些黄油抹在一片面包上。piece用作可数名词，意为“片；块；段” ，其复数形式为pieces。a piece of意为“一片/张/条/首”，常与不可数名词连用，用来表达量。“two/threepieces of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Two pieces of bread are enough. 两片面包足够了。考点Ne

21、xt, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，用这些面包混合物填满火鸡。fill此处用作及物动词，意为“（使）充满；装满”，其反义词为empty （倒空）o fillwith意为“用装满”， 表示动作。Fill the box with apples.把箱子里装满苹果。 He filled his schoolbag with books.他把书包里装满了书。拓展：be filled with意为“充满；装满”，相当于be full of ,主语多为容器之类的东西，with或of后接所要装的东西。 The glass is filled with w

22、ater. = The glass is full of water.杯子里装满了水。考,点 When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.当一切就绪，把火鸡放置在一个大盘子上，浇上肉汁。cover在此处为及物动词，意为“遮盖;覆盖"。coverwith 意为"用盖上"。be covered with意为“被覆盖”。Don' t cover your face with the book.不要用书盖着彳的脸。 The ground is covered

23、 with snow.地上被雪覆盖。拓展：cover还可用作可数名词，意为“覆盖物；盖子” 。考点 serve it to your friends with some vegetables.和些蔬菜道端给你的朋友。serve在此处为及物动词，意为“接待；服务；提供” ，其后可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接双宾语。serve sb. sth.=serve sth. to sb."为某人提供某物，为某人端上某物”。The waiter served us tea. = The waiter served tea to us. 服务生给我们端上了茶。拓展：serve的名词形式service意

24、为“服务；接待”。The service in your shop is very good. 你的商店的服务很好。考点 Now, it ' s time to enjoy the rice noodles!®在，是享用米线的时候了！It ' s time （for sb.） to do sthil为“是做某事的时候了”。It ' s time to get u能起床的时候了。It ' s time for us to have a rest. 我们休息的时间了。拓展：It ' s time for sthW为"是的时候了”，for是

25、介词，后跟名词或代词。It ' s time for lunch.1 吃午餐的时间了。知识梳理I.根据汉语意思写出下列单词1 .摇动；抖动2 .倒出；倾倒 3 .勺;调羹4 .食盐II.根据汉语意思写出下列短语1 .奶昔2 .接通，打开3 .切碎考点闯关I.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词Section A5 .食糖6 .玉米；谷物 7 .掘（地）；凿（洞）；挖（土）8 .洞；孔；坑9 .把倒入10 挖个坑11 取出，拿出 答案：A1. A w is a kind of fruit. It is red inside and green outside.答案：watermelon2. A

26、blender is a useful m.答案：machine3. To make the milk sweeter, you can add some s.答案：sugar4. S the orange juice before you drink it.答案：Shake5. Jim, I ' m making soup. I need a s of salt.答案：spoonII.单项选择1. It ' s dark in the room. Please the light.A. turn onB. turn upC. turn downD. turn off2. Li

27、ttle Tom needsto finish his work.A. one more hourB. one another hourC. more one hourD.one hour another答案：A3. Give me,please.A. three honeyB. three spoon of honeyC. three honeysD.three spoons of honey答案：D4.milk do we need?-One bottle.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD.How long答案：B5. Here s a waterme

28、lon. PleaseA. cup up itB. cut it upC. cut up themD.cut them up答案：BIII.句型转换1. My brother needs two oranges.（对画线部分提问orangesyour brother答案： How many; does; need2. They need two cups of yogurt.（对画线部分提问）yogurtthey need?答案： How much; do3. There ' s some breOd的（一般疑问句）bread?答案：Is there any4. Pour the mi

29、lk into the blender.（改为否定句）pour the milk into the blender.答案：Don' t5. You must add eggs to the sandwich.（改为祈使句 ）the sandwich.答案：Add eggs toSection B6 .庆祝；庆贺7 .（使）混合;8 .遮盖；覆盖9 .接待；服务;10 .温度；气温;3 .混合在一起4 .的理由s birthday.融合 提供 体温 3. I learn English by(ask) teachers for help.知识梳理i.根据汉语意思写出下列单词1 .传统的；

30、惯例的 2 .漂泊者；旅行者 3 .（使）充满；装满 4 .片；块；段5 .秋天；秋季 II.根据汉语意思写出下列短语1 .一片/块2 .用装满考点闯关I .根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1. We will have a party to c Kelly答案：celebrated2. Every year many t come to our town on holiday.答案：travelers3. I ate two p of bread.答案：pieces4. (秋天)is coming. It will be cooler.5. I want to eat two（三明治）.I

31、I .用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. Thanksgiving Day is a(tradition) festival in the United States.答案：traditional2. The old man(die) two years ago.答案：died答案：asking4. It s time（celebrate） his birthday.答案：to celebrate5. Can your mother make（tomato） and egg soup?答案：tomatoIII.单项选择1. Hot soup is ready.your friends now.

32、A. Serve toB. Serve it toC. Serve to itD. Serve it for答案：B2. Don ' tthe blendertoo much yogurt.A. fill; withB. fill; ofC. full; withD. full; of答案：C3. Put the things in the bowl and,please.A. mix up itB. mix it upC. mix up themD. mix them up答案：C4. Theythe tables with clean white cloths.A. covered

33、B. tookC. servedD. celebrated答案：A5. - It ' s too hot today. Whats the - Maybe it ' s 35 C.A. resultB. weatherC. temperatureD. number答案：CIV.句型转换1. She needs a piece of bread.附画线部分提问）breadshe need?2. There are two cups of tea on the table.（对画线部分提问）cups of teaon the table?3. It ' s time for

34、 scho改为同义句）It ' s timeschool.4. The waiter served us hot tea.（改为同义句 ） The waiter5. The bottle is filled with water.（改为同义句）The bottlewater.第8单元过关检测题I.单项选择1. A. Make答案：B2. - The banana is too big.A. cut up them答案：C3. Do you like lettuceA. of答案：B4. -1 ' d like to eatA. a; a little答案：D5. - Let &

35、#39; s make fruit salad.A. No, I ' mnot答案：D6.A. potato noodle答案：C7. Finally, we found a wayA. make答案：C8. Look! Tom is filling the cupA. from答案：C9.the water into the bottle, please.B. Pour-You can first.B. cut them upsandwiches?B. inbread and bananas.B. a piece of; muchB. Thank you-What is your f

36、avorite food? -1 likeB. potatoes noodlea banana milk shake.B. madetea.B. forwine（酒），my children. You are students now.C. TakeC. cut it upC. at-Here you are.C. many; manyC. That ' s all rightbest. I had a large bowl last night.C. potato noodlesC. to makeC. withD. DrinkD. cut up itD. withD. a piece of; a fewD. That s a good ideaD. potatoes noodlesD. to makingD. atA. To drinkB. Not to d