广东省广州市越秀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

广东省广州市越秀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解BestEducationAppsforAndroidMobiletechnology,whichisoneofthemostrevolutionaryproductivitytoolsofalltime,isanamazingwaytohelpfurtheryoureducation.Youcanuseyoursmartphonesandtabletstohelpteachyourselfnewskillsandlearnnewthings.HerearesomeofthebesteducationappsforAndroid.SoloLearnPrice:FreeSoloLearnhastonsofeducationcoursesoncomputerprogramming.Allofthemteachyouacomputerlanguage.Thereisarangeoflanguagesavailable,includingPython,Java,C++andevenJavaScrip.Ifyou'reintocomputerprogrammingatall,youshouldlookintothese.QuizletPrice:FreeQuizletisarguablythebestflashcardsappoutthere.Youcanuseitforvirtuallyanytopic.Youcanpracticetermsforyourclass,memorizevocabularyterms,andmore.Italsoincludesforeignlanguagesupport,imagesandaudio,andyoucanshareflashcardswithfriends.EdXPrice:FreeEdXofferscoursesfromactualcolleges,includingcomputerprogramming,engineering,history,psychology,nutrition,statistics,andhundredsofothers.Itfeaturesonlineorofflinevideolectures,courseannouncementsandhandouts,andvarioustutorials.Anyonelookingforhighereducationshouldhavethisapprightnow.KhanAcademyPrice:FreeKhanAcademyisanothereducationplatform.Itcurrentlyboastsover10,000instructionalvideos,classes,andothercontent.Itdealswithmoretypicaleducation,suchasmathematics,economics,history,science,andmore.Thereisalsoaversionspecificallyforyoungerkidsandwehighlyrecommendthatoneaswell.IfwemissedanyofthebesteducationappsforAndroid,tellusabouttheminthecomments.Youcanfindourlatestapplistsbyreferringtothelinkhere.1．Whichappbestsuitsforeignlanguagelearners?A．SoloLearn B．Quizlet C．EdX D．KhanAcademy2．WhatdoSoloLearnandEdXhaveincommon?A．Theyappealtocomputerlovers.B．Theyaredesignedforyoungerkids.C．Theycoverawiderangeofsubjects:D．Theyaretargetedathighereducation.3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aneducationaljournal. B．Anadvertisement.C．website. D．ALearningguide.阅读理解Ontheoutside,12-year-oldLunaseemslikeyouraveragekid.It'snotuntilyougettoknowherthatyoulearnthatLunaisanythingbutaverage.Bornwithaheartdefect（缺陷）calleddextrocardia,Lunahashadthreeopen-heartoperationsandcontinuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion.ButwhenLunawasapproachedbyathleticshoecompanySauconytodesignashoeforsaleacrossthecountry,itcameasquiteasurprise."Thisissoincredible.IgottousemyartandcreativityforsomethingnewthatI'dneverthoughtI'dbeabletodesign,"Lunasaid.SheisoneofsixpatientsfromBostonChildren'sHospital(BCH)whohavepartneredwithSauconytodesigntheirownshoetolaunchtheShoeswithSoulcampaign."Ratherthanjustadonation,wewantedtocreateanexperienceandamomentthatwouldnotonlyraisemoney,butalsoawarenesstohighlightalltheamazingworkthat'sbeingdoneatBCH,"saysChris,Saucony'svicepresident."Specifically,wewantedtogivesomeoftheBCHkidsanopportunitytosharetheirstoryandtheirtalentswiththeworld."Luna'sdesignisfashion."Onthetongue,theydigitalizedoneofmydrawings,andthenonbottomit'sareallybrightpinkcolor,andontheinside,thesoleoftheshoeisactuallyanotherdrawingIdidofasunset,"shesaid."Thinkingaboutkidseverywherearoundtheworldwearingmyshoeisamazing.Itblowsmymind."TheincomefromtheshoesaleswillbenefittheBostonChildren'sHospitalCardiacFitnessProgram,whichencourageskidsto"findyourpossible"throughpersonalizedexerciseprogramstailoredforeachindividualpatient'sheartcondition."Itfeelsreallygoodtohelppeopleandit'sreallysomethingIcanrelateto,"saysLuna."TheadviceIwouldgiveakidorsomeonelikemeisnevergiveup.Therearealotofkidsouttherewithyourconditionandyou'renotalone."4．WhatcanwelearnfromChris'words?A．It'sunwisetoraisemoney.B．It'soptionaltoseekdonations.C．It'swonderfultostudyart.D．It'snecessarytoshowkids'talents.5．WhatdoesLunameanby"Itblowsmymind"inparagraph5?A．I'moverjoyed. B．I'mveryserious.C．Mymindgoesblank. D．Mymindisracing.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLuna?A．Giftedanddetermined. B．Generousandserious.C．Gratefulandhelpful. D．Creativeandsensitive.7．Whatisthetextmainlyintendedtodo?A．Tellusastoryofadisabledgirl.B．Setagoodexampletothedisabled.C．LaunchSaucony'snewbrandshoes.D．Introduceacampaignwithkidpatients.阅读理解Therearemanysourcesofdebateonalongroadtrip,includingrouteselection,thechoiceofsnacks,and,probablymostimportantly,whattoplayontheradio.Findingawayforallpartiestolistentotheirownaudiowithouttheneedforheadphoneshasbeenagoalofcarmakersfordecadesandscientistsmayhavefinallymanagedit.AteamfromtheUniversityofLeMansinFrancecarefullypositionedmicrophones,speakersandfilters（过滤器）tocreatepersonalisedsoundzones(PSZs)insideacar,andthesmallregionsarewheresoundfromasetofspeakerscanbeheardclearly.Outsidethese,itcannotbeheard.Onebarrierwhichscientistshavepreviouslybeenunabletoovercomewastheimpactofmovingone'sseat.TheywereabletoformaPS2,butunabletomoveittofollowapersoniftheymovedtheseatforwardsorbackwards.TheFrenchteamcreatedanewalgorithm（算法）specificallytotacklethisissue,whichhandlesthesoundwavestocreate"bright"and"dark"zonesinthecar."Loudspeakersareplacedintheheadrests.andspecificfiltersforeachtransducer（换能器）arecalculatedtoreproduceasoundsignalthatmaintainsgoodqualityinthezoneunderconsiderationandisstronglyweakenedinotherzones."said.DrLucasVindrola,theauthorofthestudy."Thekeytothetechniqueworkingproperlyishavingsufficientmicrophonesplacedaroundthecartodetecthowmanypeopleareinthecarandwheretheyaresitting.Thepricetopayistohavecontrolmicrophonesinthepassengersection,sothatthealgorithmcanwork."However,thetechniqueisnotyetreadytobecommerciallyrolledoutasaluxuriousoptionalextrajustyet,asitcurrentlyworksonlyforalimitedrangeoffrequencies.8．Whatwasonceachallengeforscientists?A．PSZscouldhardlybeformed.B．Thesoundofmovingaseatisloud.C．Theycouldn'tcreatemovablePSZs.D．Theseatscouldn'tbemovedbackandforth.9．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Howtheimpactofmovingone'sseatwasaddressed.B．Whyenoughmicrophonesareplacedaroundthecar.C．Whenthealgorithmcanworkwellforallpassengers.D．Where"bright"and"dark"zonesarecreatedinthecar.10．Whatcanweinferaboutthenewtechnique?A．Itcurrentlyworkswithoutlimitation.B．Ithasbeenputintousecommercially.C．Itcanfunctionwellwithenoughmicrophones.D．Itiscostlytodetectthepositionofmicrophones.11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tolaunchanewdebate.B．Totackleanoldproblem.C．Toadvertiseanalgorithm.D．Tointroduceanewtechnology.阅读理解AnewUK-basedstudyontheeffectsofartificiallightonlocalinsectpopulationsfoundthatlightpollutionfromstreetlampsdisturbsinsectbehavior,leadingtoanoveralllossofinsects."Wefoundthatstreetlightingstronglyreducedmoth（飞蛾）populationcomparedwithunlitsites...andaffectedmothdevelopment,"thestudystated.Thestudy'sresultsapplytoalocalizedlevelandcannotbeusedtodeterminewhethernational-levelpopulationsaredecliningduetolightpollution.However,itaddsfurtherweighttoexistingresearchonhowlightpollutionaffectsecosystemsandbiodiversityhotspotsandhighlightstheneedtoshifttoalternativesinartificiallightthatwouldtonedowntheseeffects.Theeffectsoninsectpopulationsarewide-ranging.Morespecifically,artificiallightaffectshowmothslaytheireggsandputsthematahigherriskofbeingspottedbypredators（捕食性动物）.Italsoaffectsmoths'feedingbehavior,whichsubsequentlyleadstodeclinesintheirpopulationtoo.Lightpollutionthusjoinsahostoffactors,suchasclimatechangeanddeforestation,asoneofthedeterminantsofinsectpopulationdecline.Whilepreviousstudiesexaminedtheeffectsoflightingonbatsandothervertebrates,thisstudyfocusedontheirprey—creatureslowerdowninthefoodchain—and,asaresult,complementing（补充）previousstudies.Therefore,thestudyisconcerningbecauseitsuggestsanalarminglossofinsectscausedbyartificiallight,whichwillhavefar-reachingconsequencesforallthewildlifeandecosystemsthatdependonthem.Moreover,whitelight-emittingdiodes(LEDs)werefoundtohavetheworstimpactonlocalinsectsandecosystemprocesses.TheresearchersthuscallforshiftingawayfromwhiteLEDsoremployingprocessessuchasmotionsensorstomakethelightslessbrightandchangingcolorsandfilterstoavoidthenegativeimpacts.Ifthefindingsofthestudyareanythingtogoby,localinsectecosystemswillsufferconsiderableconsequences—whichwill,inturn,affectthewildlifethatdependsonthemand,ultimately,couldperhapsevenupsetagriculturalbalances.12．Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewstudy?A．Itisconductedonalocalbasis.B．Ithighlightsthevalueofartificiallight.C．Itfocusesonthepreservationofinsects.D．Itmattersmorethantheexistingresearch.13．Whateffectdoesartificiallighthaveonmoths?A．Itmayputthemindanger.B．Itpreventsthemfromfeeding.C．Itmayleadtotheirextinction.D．Itdisablesthemfromlayingeggs.14．WhatdotheresearchersadviseustodowiththeLEDs?A．Toshifttogreenalternatives.B．Toadoptbrightercolorsandfilters.C．Toavoidadoptingwhite-lightLEDs.D．Toreplacethemwithmotionsensors.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ArtificialLightandWildlifeProtectionB．LightPollutionandtheEndangeredSpeciesC．ArtificialLightHasNegativeEffectsonAgricultureD．LightPollutionfromStreetLightsCouldDriveInsectLoss二、第一部分阅读，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel.16．Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonlyfourofthem:17．Bespontaneous（自发的）andtravelwheneveryoufeellikeleavingyourdailyroutine.Itiswrongtowaitfarcertaintimeoftheyearsothatyoucouldspoilyourself.Yourcompanywon'tbebankruptordisappearifyouleaveitforaweekortwo.Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocansubstituteforyouanddoyourjobwhileyouareaway.18．Herethepointistoplantaweekahead.Ifyouworkhard,youcanplayhard.Alwaysrememberthatthequalityofyearworkwillimproveifyouhaveagoodrestandletyourselfrelaxandrechargewithenergyandpositiveemotions.Youcannotbeagoodemployeeifyouareunhappyandtense.Yourfamilysuffers,too.Whenyourmindisfreeyoucanperformat200percent19．Youlosebalanceandharmonyifyouexperiencetoomuchstress,performalotofdemandingroutineandconstantlytakeresponsibilities.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyourwell-beingdoesnotsuffer.Havearicherlifeifyouwanttobeabetterleader.Weallwanttoexcelinourprofession.Wewanttobeinchargeevenathome.Weliketobeappreciatedbythecommunity.Beingsuchapersonrequiresseveralimportantqualities.Togaintherequiredqualitiesyoumusthaveamulti-dimensionalpersonality.Themorenewactivitiesyoupractice,themorechancesyoucanhavetobecomeabetterleader.20．A.Makingexcusesismucheasierthanacting.B.Thereisnotomorrow,sotakeabreaknow.C.Findingbalanceisn'teasy,yetitisworthtrying.D.Travelingisalsoameansofbroadeningyourhorizons.E.Youcandosomeofitinadvanceoryoucanputitonhold.F.Youareuselessasaworkerifyourbodydoesnotfeelgreat.G.Beaninstructor,inspireothersanddowhatyouwouldlikeotherstodo.三、第二部分语言运用，第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChristyCarterknewexactlywhatshewasbeingpulledoverforwhenshesawtheflashinglightsbehindher.Thesinglemompulledoverexpectingtogetaticketbutinsteadwasgivensympathyand21．fromtheofficer.Christywas22．herson,Jake,tomeetupwithhisfriendsfortheirhomecomingdance.Theywererunning23．,Jakehadn'ttiedhistieandChristydidn'tknowhowtodoitforhim,andbothofthemwerestressed.So,Christywastryingto24．somelosttimeandgetJaketomeetupwithhisfriends,soshe25．astopsigninsteadofcomingtoacompletestop.Then,OfficerMikeCarrill'scar26．behindher.Christyrealizedthattherewasa27．coming,andJakewasevenmore28．andpanickedatyetanothersetback（阻碍）intheschedule.WhenOfficerCarillwalkeduptothem,Christysaidhecould29．seethestressonherson'sface.After30．thestoryandthesituationChristyandJakewerein,OfficerCarill31．nottowriteaticket,andinsteadofferedtohelpJakewithhis32．.Christyquicklygrabbedherphonetorecordthemoment,andwasinawe（致敬）overthe33．theofficerwasshowingherson.Shelater34．thevideoonlinesaying,"AbigshoutouttothisParkCityPoliceOfficerwho35．thedayinanunusualwayforastressful,sinking,singleMommoment",anditdidn'ttakelongforittogainalotofattention.21．A．charge B．fine C．help D．comfort22．A．persuading B．driving C．encouraging D．cheating23．A．Normally B．smoothly C．late D．slowly24．A．makeupfor B．lookoutforC．takecareof D．makeuseof25．A．made B．drew C．studied D．passed26．A．pulledup B．brokedown C．ranout D．spedup27．A．plan B．task C．quarrel D．ticket28．A．excited B．stressed C．disappointed D．surprised29．A．suddenly B．happily C．clearly D．regretfully30．A．hearing B．sharing C．enjoying D．recording31．A．remembered B．invited C．begged D．decided32．A．drinks B．shoes C．food D．tie33．A．kindness B．discipline C．patience D．strictness34．A．sold B．posted C．lent D．stole35．A．wasted B．saved C．used D．spent四、第二部分语言运用，第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGoddessoftheLuoRivercomesaliveinavideo,whichwassharedbyHenanTVStationonsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo.Theancienttaleofromanceisgiven36．newsettingandstillprovidesattractiveviewingforamodernaudience.Thetaleispresentedinwhatseemslikeslowmotion.Not37．(surprise),itbecamepopularandhasbeenviewedmorethan20milliontimes.ThestoryoftheGoddessoftheLuoRiverhasbeentheinspirationforcountlesscontemporaryartists,38．havedescribedthegoddessofunmatchedbeautythroughvariousart39．(form),likemoviesanddancedramas.Butthereasonwhythevideo,whichrunsforaroundtwominutesand40．(title)RhapsodyontheLuoRiverGoddess,createdsuchanimpressionandhasgeneratedsuchawave41．publicityisthatitwasshotunderwater.HeHaohaoplaystheroleofgoddess.Shemastersnotonlyherartbutthetechniqueofholdingherbreathasherlungsstruggle42．(carry)outtheirfunction.Allthisisdonewiththe43．(peaceful)facialexpression.It'snotthefirsttimethatHenanTVStation44．(gain)attentionwithitsappealingvideoshighlightingtraditionalChineseculture.OnFeb.13th,2021,adancepiece,titledATangDynastyBanquet,whichislessthansixminuteslong,wasstagedduringagala45．(air)onHenanTVStationtomarkSpringFestival.五、第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）46．第一节应用文写作假定你是李华，你和你的外国朋友Caroline约好了周六一起参加市里举办的"中国航天展"，但因敌不能赴约。请给她写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.你的期待。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearCaroline,Sincerelyyours.LiHua47．第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Linda,ahighschoolgirl,wasfeelingdepressedaftershehadfailedhermid-termexams.Shedidn'tanswerherteachers'questionsactivelyinclasslikesheusedto.Instead,shebegantolowerherheadandgotabsent-mindedeasily.Herfriendsandclassmateswereworriedabouther,butshedidn'tfeelliketalkingaboutitwiththem.Mrs.Green,herEnglishteacher,noticedherchangesanddecidedtodosomethingbeforeitgotworse.Oneday,Mrs.Greenenteredtheclassroomandaskedherstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theywaitedanxiouslyattheirdesksforthetesttobegin.Mrs.Greenhandedoutthequestionpapers,withthetextfacingdownasusual.Aftershehandedthemallout,sheaskedherstudentstoturnthepageandbegin.Toeveryone'ssurprise,therewerenoquestions,justablackdotinthecenterofthepage.Mrs.Green,seeingtheexpressiononeveryone'sface,toldthemthefollowing:"Iwantyoutowritewhatyouseethere."Thestudents,confused,gotstartedonthetask.Attheendoftheclass,Mrs.Greencollectedalltheanswerpapersandstartedreadingthemaloudinfrontofallthestudents.JustasMrs.Greenhadexpected,withnoexception,allofthemdescribedtheblackdot,tryingtoexplainitspositioninthemiddleofthesheet,etc.Mrs.GreenthenpickedoutLinda'spaperandadded,"Linda,Ilikeyouridea.Wouldyoupleasefollowmetotheofficeandtalkaboutit?""Er...Yes,madam!"Lindawaspuzzledbecauseshethoughtherideawasnobetterthananyoneelse's.Likeothers,shealsodescribedtheblackdotonlyandignoredthewhitepartofthepaper.注意1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.每段的开头语已为你写好。Feelingnervous,LindawentintoMrs.Green'soffice."Mrs.Greenisright.Ishouldfocusmoreonthewhitepartofthepaper!"Lindagotrefreshed.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种Android最佳教育应用软件。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据Quizlet部分中的"Italsoincludesforeignlanguagesupport,imagesandaudio,andyoucanshareflashcardswithfriends."它还包括外语支持，图像和音频，你可以与朋友分享抽认卡。可知，Quizlet最适合外语学习者。故选B。2．考查细节理解。根据SoloLearn部分中的"SoloLearnhastonsofeducationcoursesoncomputerprogramming.Allofthemteachyouacomputerlanguage.Thereisarangeoflanguagesavailable,includingPython,Java,C++andevenJavaScrip.Ifyou'reintocomputerprogrammingatall,youshouldlookintothese."SoloLearn有很多关于计算机编程的教育课程。他们都教你一门计算机语言。有一系列可用的语言，包括Python、Java、c++甚至javascript。如果你对计算机编程感兴趣，你应该看看这些；以及EdX部分中的"EdXofferscoursesfromactualcolleges,includingcomputerprogramming,engineering,history,psychology,nutrition,statistics,andhundredsofothers."EdX提供的课程来自真正的大学，包括计算机编程、工程、历史、心理学、营养学、统计学等数百门课程。可知，SoloLearn和EdX的共同之处是它们都对电脑爱好者很有吸引力。故选A。3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Youcanfindourlatestapplistsbyreferringtothelinkhere."你可以通过这里的链接找到我们最新的应用软件列表。可推知，这段文字最有可能取自一个网站。故选C。【答案】4．D5．A6．A7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个有着先天性心脏缺损的12岁孩子Luna没有选择放弃，而是与Saucony公司合作，用自己的艺术天赋和坚持，设计出了自己的鞋子，发起"Shoeswithsoul（有灵魂的鞋子）"活动，最终通过这项活动来帮助其他患有心脏疾病的人。

【点评】本题考点涉及句义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Ratherthanjustadonation,wewantedtocreateanexperienceandamomentthatwouldnotonlyraisemoney,butalsoawarenesstohighlightalltheamazingworkthat'sbeingdoneatBCH"不仅仅是捐款，我们想创造一种体验和时刻，不仅是为了筹集资金，也是为了让人们意识到BCH正在做的所有了不起的工作；以及"Specifically,wewantedtogivesomeoftheBCHkidsanopportunitytosharetheirstoryandtheirtalentswiththeworld."特别地，我们想给BCH的孩子们一个机会，与世界分享他们的故事和他们的才能。可知，展示孩子的才能是必要的。故选D。5．考查句义猜测。根据第五段中的"Thinkingaboutkidseverywherearoundtheworldwearingmyshoeisamazing."想到世界各地的孩子都穿着我的鞋，真是太棒了。可知，Luna觉得若是每个孩子都能穿上她设计的鞋子，是一件令她高兴惊喜的事。可推断"Itblowsmymind"表明Luna是极为高兴的。故选A。6．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"continuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion"继续追求她在艺术和时尚方面的兴趣；第三段中的"Igottousemyartandcreativityforsomethingnew"我开始用我的艺术和创造力去做一些新的事情；以及第四段中的"sharetheirstoryandtheirtalents"分享他们的故事和他们的天赋。可知Luna是有才华，有天赋的；结合第二段中的"Lunahashadthreeopen-heartoperationsandcontinuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion."Luna做过三次心脏手术，并继续追求她对艺术和时尚的兴趣；以及最后一段中的"TheadviceIwouldgiveakidorsomeonelikemeisnevergiveup."我给孩子或像我这样的人的建议是永远不要放弃。可推知Luna是意志坚定的。故选A。7．考查推理判断。全文围绕"Luna是如何参与到这个活动的？""这个活动是什么内容？""活动的目的是什么？"以及"活动有什么重要意义？""Luna想通过这个活动传递什么？"来讲述。因此推断"介绍一项针对儿童患者的活动"是文章的目的。故选D。【答案】8．C9．A10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新科技，这项科技可以让在车上的每个人都可以在不带耳机的情况下，听到自己喜欢听的音乐。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第三段"Onebarrierwhichscientistshavepreviouslybeenunabletoovercomewastheimpactofmovingone'sseat.TheywereabletoformaPSZ,butunabletomoveittofollowapersoniftheymovedtheseatforwardsorbackwards."科学家们此前一直无法克服的一个障碍是移动座位的影响。他们能够形成一个PSZ，但如果他们向前或向后移动座位，就不能跟随人来移动它。可知，PSZs没有办法随着座位移动而移动。故选C。9．考查段落大意。根据第四段中的"TheFrenchteamcreatedanewalgorithm(算法)specificallytotacklethisissue,whichhandlesthesoundwavestocreate‘bright'and‘dark'zonesinthecar."这个法国团队专门开发了一种新算法来解决这个问题，通过处理声波来在车内创造"明亮"和"黑暗"区域；以及"Thekeytothetechniqueworkingproperlyishavingsufficientmicrophonesplacedaroundthecartodetecthowmanypeopleareinthecarandwheretheyaresitting.Thepricetopayistohavecontrolmicrophonesinthepassengersection,sothatthealgorithmcanwork."这项技术正常工作的关键是在汽车周围放置足够多的麦克风，以检测车内有多少人以及他们坐的地方。付出的代价是要在乘客区安装麦克风，这样算法才能起作用。可知，本段讲述如何要解决PSZs座位移动就听不到的问题，采用新的算法，乘客区放置足够多的麦克风，来解决这个问题。故选A。10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Thekeytothetechniqueworkingproperlyishavingsufficientmicrophonesplacedaroundthecartodetecthowmanypeopleareinthecarandwheretheyaresitting.Thepricetopayistohavecontrolmicrophonesinthepassengersection,sothatthealgorithmcanwork."这项技术正常工作的关键是在汽车周围放置足够多的麦克风，以检测车内有多少人以及他们坐的地方。付出的代价是要在乘客区安装麦克风，这样算法才能起作用。可知，新科技成功与否的关键取决于是否有足够多的麦克风安装在车中。故选C。11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Findingawayforallpartiestolistentotheirownaudiowithouttheneedforheadphoneshasbeenagoalofcarmakersfordecadesandscientistsmayhavefinallymanagedit."几十年来，汽车制造商一直想找到一种不需要耳机就能让所有人听到自己声音的方法，而科学家们可能终于实现了这一目标。可知，本文主要介绍科学家们运用新的技术让每个人都听到自己喜欢听的音乐，接下来第二段到第四段分别对怎么用新技术，碰到了哪些挑战以及怎么战胜挑战进行了描述，最后指出这项技术的局限性。因此推断本文的目的是介绍一项新科技。故选D。【答案】12．A13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国开展的一项研究：研究发现晚上街灯造成的光污染对昆虫的数量有影响。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Thestudy'sresultsapplytoalocalizedlevel"研究结果适用于局部水平。可知，此研究是在某一区域范围内开展的。故选A。13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"artificiallightaffectshowmothslaytheireggsandputsthematahigherriskofbeingspottedbypredators(捕食性动物)"人造光会影响飞蛾产卵的方式，使它们更容易被捕食者发现。可知，人造光会使得飞蛾处于更容易被捕食者发现的危险中。故选A。14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"TheresearchersthuscallforshiftingawayfromwhiteLEDsoremployingprocessessuchasmotionsensorstomakethelightslessbrightandchangingcolorsandfilterstoavoidthenegativeimpacts."因此，研究人员呼吁远离白色LED，或采用运动传感器等工艺来降低灯光亮度，并改变颜色和滤镜以避免负面影响。可知，研究者建议避免使用发白光的LED灯。故选C。15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"AnewUK-basedstudyontheeffectsofartificiallightonlocalinsectpopulationsfoundthatlightpollutionfromstreetlampsdisturbsinsectbehavior,leadingtoanoveralllossofinsects."一项基于英国的关于人造光对当地昆虫种群影响的新研究发现，路灯的光污染会干扰昆虫的行为，导致昆虫的全面损失。可知，文章的主要内容是路灯的光污染可能导致昆虫死亡。故选D。【答案】16．C；17．B；18．E；19．F；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了去旅行的四个理由。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel."旅行让你的人生变得完整。你可能经常抱怨工作太多，没有时间去旅行；以及空后"Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonlyfourofthem"你应该去旅行的理由有上百个。以下只是其中的四种。可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出应该去旅游。C.Findingbalanceisn'teasy,yetitisworthtrying."找到平衡并不容易，但值得一试"符合语境，故选C。17．根据空后"Bespontaneous(自发的)andtravelwheneveryoufeellikeleavingyourdailyroutine.Itiswrongtowaitforcertaintimeoftheyearsothatyoucouldspoilyourself."当你想要离开你的日常生活时，随性地去旅行。为了宠坏自己而等待一年中的某个时间是错误的。可知，本段的主旨是不要等待，现在就休息一下。B.Thereisnotomorrow,sotakeabreaknow."没有明天，所以现在休息一下"符合语境，故选B。18．根据空前"Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocansubstituteforyouanddoyourjobwhileyouareaway."在你离开的时候，有很多人可以代替你做你的工作；以及空后"Herethepointistoplanaweekahead."这里的要点是提前一周计划。可知，本句是在说明如何对待没做完的工作。E.Youcandosomeofitinadvanceoryoucanputitonhold."你可以提前做一些，也可以把它放一放"符合语境，故选E。19．根据空前"Yourfamilysuffers,too.Whenyourmindisfreeyoucanperformat200percent."你的家人也在受苦。当你的思想自由时，你可以发挥200%；以及空后"Youlosebalanceandharmonyifyouexperiencetoomuchstress,performalotofdemandingroutineandconstantlytakeresponsibilities.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyourwell-beingdoesnotsuffer."如果你经历了太多的压力，完成了很多要求很高的日常工作，不断承担责任，你就会失去平衡和和谐。照顾好自己。确保你的幸福不受影响。可知，上文提到了思想自由可以超常发挥，可知本句是在假设感觉不好的情况。F.Youareuselessasaworkerifyourbodydoesnotfeelgreat."如果你的身体感觉不好，作为一个工人你是无用的"符合语境，故选F。20．根据空前"Weallwanttoexcelinourprofession.Wewanttobeinchargeevenathome.Weliketobeappreciatedbythecommunity.Beingsuchapersonrequiresseveralimportantqualities.Togaintherequiredqualitiesyoumusthaveamulti-dimensionalpersonality.Themorenewactivitiesyoupractice,themorechancesyoucanhavetobecomeabetterleader."我们都想在自己的职业中出类拔萃。我们甚至想在家里掌权。我们希望得到社区的赞赏。成为这样的人需要几个重要的品质。要获得所需的品质，你必须有一个多维的个性。你练习的新活动越多，你就有更多机会成为一个更好的领导者。可知，上文提到成为一个更好的领导者，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明其作用。G.Beaninstructor,inspireothersanddowhatyouwouldlikeotherstodo."做一个指导员，激励别人，做你希望别人做的事"符合语境，故选G。

【答案】21．C；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．D；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．D；33．A；34．B；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名交警人性化执勤的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：这位单身母亲把车停在路边，以为会收到一张罚单，结果却得到了警察的同情和帮助。A.charge"收费"；B.fine"罚款"；C.help"帮助"；D.comfort"安慰"。根据下文"After10thestoryandthesituationChristyandJakewerein,OfficerCarill11nottowriteaticket,andinsteadofferedtohelpJakewithhis12."可知，Christy得到了警察的帮助。故选C。22．句意：Christy开车送她的儿子Jake去见他的朋友，参加他们的返校舞会。A.persuading"说服"；B.driving"开车"；C.encouraging"鼓励"；D.cheating"欺骗"。根据上文"Thesinglemompulledoverexpectingtogetaticketbutinsteadwasgivensympathyand1fromtheofficer."可知，Christy开车送她的儿子去见他的朋友。故选B。23．句意：他们快迟到了，Jake还没有打领带，Christy也不知道该怎么帮他，两人都很紧张。A.Normally"正常地"；B.smoothly"顺利地"；C.late"(时间上)接近终了"；D.slowly"缓慢地"。根据下文"Christywastryingto4somelosttimeandgetJaketomeetupwithhisfriends"可知，他们快迟到了。故选C。24．句意：因此，为了让Jake去见他