高考英语七选五任务型阅读解题方略

1、“七选五”阅读填空解题方略高考新题型高考大纲要求试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容） 过渡性句子（文章结构） 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）讲究内容的统一性讲究段落的连贯性讲究段内的关联性讲究句句衔接的自然性7选5阅读填空语篇特点分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语段层次。

2、句际间意义句间关联词段落 语段篇章结构类题解题技巧通读整篇文章，理清文章结构和中心；根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略。 如果问题设在段首：总分 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。 如果问题设在段尾：分总通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。_ Every day ,wh

3、en she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality

4、 clothes for us.A. She enjoys listening to class music.B. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.D. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.总分结构语义链：每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西。细节类题型解题技巧1复现语言粘连衔接手段： 词汇3上下义2同义/反义4

5、具体/笼统5语义场Everybody gets stressed from time to time. 71 Some ways of dealing with stress - like screaming or hitting someone - dont solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better. C. Different people feel stress in differ

6、ent ways. Kids health: Four steps for fighting stress人称照应同词复现近义暗示 On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _ Tho

7、se disadvantages include expense, time away from ones school, family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.同词复现反义暗示转折关系1照应语言粘连衔接手段： 语法2省略3替代4连接By 2020, Dr. David Davis believ

8、es, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. _Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar (牵引杠）牵引杠）to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.A.Every driver will use less fuel i

9、n the car he owns.B.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.C.And it will not be owned by one individual.D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.句式照应Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72

10、 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. F. And dont forget about your friends.Kids health: Four steps for fighting stress句式照应人称照应_ It is a very happy day for many boys and girls. Before the terms ends in some schools, the children act a nati

11、vity（基督诞生）（基督诞生）or “birth” play, showing how Jesus was born in a stable(马厩）马厩）.A. People are often busy going shoppingB. Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas.C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten.D. Christmas Day falls on the twentyfifty of December.指示照应近义暗示That happens in the 1980s.

12、And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement. _ They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.A.They are mainly rich peopleB.Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.C.Most often, their parents are their teachers.D.She says these include rich people a

13、nd poor people.句式照应人称照应近义暗示The logical connections逻辑衔接：语段的语际关系并列 递进概括 归纳顺序 因果解释 例证转折 对比并列或顺序 First(ly), second(ly), third(ly), ; first, then/next, ; in the first place, in the second place; for one thing, for another thing, ; to begin with, then/next, after that, finally/last, last but not least 等。等

14、。递进关系 too, either, neither, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, whats more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, worse still, likewise, similarly, notbut, not onlybut also等。等。解释说明 in fact/as a matter of fact/ actually, in other words/that is to say 等。等。转折对比 but, however, yet, alth

15、ough/while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless, still, unfortunately, despite, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison, by contrast/comparison, conversely , otherwise等等因果关系 so/therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a resu

16、lt (of), so/suchthat, so that等。等。 in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up概括归纳1.Your suggestion is thoughtful. _, it is practical. _, it is a good suggestion.2.The village used to be very poor. _, it has changed a

17、lot since 1978.3.Red is attractive. Many restaurants, _, have red furniture or walls.4.I didnt go to the party with them. _, I went to help an old lady with her housework.5.As a popular saying goes, “Time is money.” _, time is more precious than money.Fill in logical connections between sentencesIn

18、a wordHoweverthereforeInstead MoreoverIn fact 6. This village used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1998 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to schoo

19、l. But now the newly built teaching building is the most beautiful one in the village. Whats more, all the school-age children here can enjoy free education. _, the village has changed a lot in the past few years. I believe people here will live a better and better life.In a word 7. When we talk abo

20、ut the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction between a young man and a girl. _, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest feeling of human beings.As a matter of fact 8. As can be seen from the pie chart, more than half of the students surveyed

21、hold a positive view for the reason that it will lead to the recycling of resources and its beneficial for us to develop the habit of classifying rubbish. _, those who are against the idea occupy 31% of all. They strongly disagree with it due to the trouble it will cause to define what kind of garba

22、ge it belongs to, and they dont bother to change their old habits.On the contrary_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together. They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents.A. So a number of parents began home-sc

23、hoolingB. Home schooling is not accepted by all the peopleC. Parents choose home schooling for several reasonsD. Most often, their parents are their teachers人称照应因果暗示 A. So, whats a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink can also help C. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day. This could be w

24、atching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired ._However, coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.句式照应让步转折因果关系主旨大意把握好 读懂选项更重要关键信息相匹配 核查排除不可少 速读全文，理清文章结构，了解大意知主题。 抓住段落大意，理清句际关

25、系（意义、衔接）。浏览七个选项，抓住各中关键词，注意衔接手段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，结合排除法初步确定选项（形意结合，瞻前顾后，先易后难）。代入选项，复核层次划分有无错误，语义是否连贯。分析干扰项，确定排除理由（依据主旨、衔接和关键词） 。解题步骤与技巧u 主旨概括句要么过于宽泛、要么以偏概全、或偏离主题；u 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；u 注释性句子与上文脱节等。干扰项特点Muzak举例子、列数字、做比较说明文 文章体裁： 说明对象： 说明方法：【2010-北京卷】任务型阅读The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermar

26、ket, stop and listenWhat do you hear? 71 Its similar to the music you listen to, but its not exactly the sameThats because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energySometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anywayQuiet backgrou

27、nd music used to be called “elevator music” because we often heard it in elevatorsBut lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” every dayThe music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in betweenIt i

28、s always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon , when people are more tired 72 If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songsSome musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak

29、but others are happy when their songs are chosenWhy? 73 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotelIt has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to doTired office workers suddenly have more energy when they

30、hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background 74 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries75 They say its boring to hear the same songs all the timeBut other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public placesThey say it helps them relax and feel calmOne way or another, Muzak affects everyoneS

31、ome farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear MuzakASome people dont like MuzakBThe music gives them extra energyCMusic is playing in the backgroundDFactory workers produce 13 percent moreEMuzak tends to help people understand music betterFThey get as much as 4 million a year if thei

32、r songs are usedGMuzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _71_ Its similar to the music you listen to, but its not exactly the same. Thats because this music was especially designed to

33、 relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. C. Music is playing in the background. 同词复现同一语义场指示照应【2011新课标全国卷新课标全国卷七选五七选五】 Quiet background music used to be called elevator (电梯电梯) music because we often heard it in e

34、levators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between

35、 three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. _72_ B. The music gives them extra energy.同词复现人称照应反义暗示 If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when

36、 their songs are chosen. Why? _73_ F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.人称照应同词复现因果暗示近义暗示 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is des

37、igned to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _74_ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.句式照应 _75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other pe

38、ople enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people dont like Muzak.人称照应反义暗示因果暗示Money MattersParents should help their children understa

39、nd money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.【2011-新课标全国卷】任务型阅读1. The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to sh

40、ow your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier (收银员收银员). 72 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using m

41、oney.2. Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty. 73 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3. 74 Begin

42、at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品无商标产品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purch

43、ase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them.D. Tell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.E. Ask yourself what things that cost mo

44、ney are most important to youF. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.【2011新课标全国卷新课标全国卷七选五七选五】Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start t

45、alking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.近义暗示因果关系1. The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money

46、for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier (收银员收银员). 72 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can s

47、tart explaining more complex ways of using money.F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.同词复现近义暗示2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 73 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for no

48、w.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”D. Tell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.句式照应近义暗示1. The basic function of money 2. Money lessons Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to m

49、ake a choice between this toy and that toy.”3. 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品无商标产品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. A. Wise dec

50、isions 句式照应近义暗示C. Permit the child to choose between them.3. 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产无商标产品品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save mone

51、y. 75 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.句式照应同源词复现人称照应A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them.D. Tell your chil

52、d why he can or cannot have certain things.E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to youF. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain

53、SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we aging, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.【2011-辽宁卷】任务型阅读1. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced c

54、hance of Alzheimers disease (早老性痴呆症早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other wo

55、rds, keep your brain looking forward.2. Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 3. Lea

56、rn something new.Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the sam

57、e time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.A. Focus on the future.B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.C. It should be something like learning gardening.D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.F. Luckily,

58、research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.【2011辽宁卷辽宁卷七选五七选五】Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we are aging, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand t

59、hat can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.转折关系具体/模糊近义暗示1. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早老性痴呆症早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a