河北大学研究生英语阅读课后翻译

1、UNIT 11 the new conquerors (called the Normans brought with them a kind of french ,which became the language of Royal Court ,and the ruling and business classes 。翻译:新的征服者(称为诺曼带着一种法国,成为皇家法院语言,执政党和业务类2 Towards the end of Millde English ,a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Sh

2、ift started ,with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter 接近Millde英语年底,在发音突然明显变化(大元音转变开始,与元音被明显短3 Late Modern English has many more words ,arising from two principal factors: firstly , the Industrail Revolution and technology created a need for new words ;secondly ,the British Empire at its heig

3、ht covered one quarter of the earth s surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries.晚了现代英语中有许多更多的单词,所产生的两个主要因素:首先,工业革命和技术创造出了一个需要新的的话;其次,大英帝国覆盖在其高度的四分之一的地球的表面,英语外来词来自许多国家采用。4 From around 1600, the English colonization of North America resulted in the creation of a disti

4、nct American variety of English. Some English pronunciations and words "froze" when they reached America.从1600年左右,英国的殖民北美创造了一个独特的美国的各种各样的英语。有些英语发音和单词“冻结”当他们到达美国的。5早期的品种的日耳曼进入历史与日耳曼人向下移动来自北欧的公元前二世纪中,以解决在北欧洲中部,沿着边界特文明、北地区未来的罗马帝国。B1很快这里将几乎不可能在一个地方在这个星球上的一代儿童也不学英语,藉由一种混合的政府的政策,父母亲的愿望,和个人野心和欲望,

5、所有相信英语是语言的未来。2现在正在经历经济动荡在东南亚无疑是严重的,但是它可能不超过一个暂时现象长期趋势上涨。3我们正在远离欧洲文艺复兴的主宰的世界里的想法和“民族语言”朝一个期望,大多数人会讲几种语言,与其他多种语言有着复杂的交互作用。4安静的革命在期望与态度青年在亚洲被反映在全球卫星广播、趋势在已经远离了英语成为当地的语言,MTV,例如,现在满足其青年观众与当地语言拖车、字幕、歌曲和节目制作。5我们可以想像一个课程基础周围的概念世界或区域标准英语,其中可能包括特征和多种英语。也许学生应该系统地暴露在超过一个差异选择一个作为一个模特,为生产和他人的理解。UNIT 2 A1 This is

6、an extraordinary change in a single generation, and it is gathering speed: the growth prospects, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, are in typically female jobs like nursing, retail and customer service. More and more women are the primary breadwinner in their household (almost 40% or are

7、providing essential income for the family's bottom line. Their buying power has never been greater and their choices have seldom been harder.这是一特别的改变一个世代,是采集速度:经济增长前景,根据劳动统计局的数据,在一般的女性的工作,象护理、零售和客户服务。越来越多的妇女是主要的挣的钱在他们的家庭(40%或提供基本收入的家庭的底线。他们从来没有更大的购买力他们的选择很少更加困难。2 Progress is seldom simple; it co

8、mes with costs and casualties, even challengesabout whether a change represents an advance or a retreat. The TIME survey provides evidence of both. At the most basic level, the argument over where women belong is over; the battle of the sexes becomes a costume drama, like Middlemarch or Mad Men.进展很少

9、是简单的,它带有成本和人员伤亡,甚至改变是否代表前进或撤退的挑战。一次性调查,双方提供的证据。在最基本的水平,超过参数那里的妇女属于性别大战成为Middlemarch或狂人一样,古装戏。3 Among the most confounding changes of all is the evidence, tracked by numerous surveys, that as women have gained more freedom, more education and more economic power, they have become less happy.在最重要的变化就是

10、证据,被众多的调查,由于女性已经获得了更多的自由,更多的教育、更经济的力量,他们已经变得不那么快乐。4 If male jobs keep vanishing, if physical strength loses its workplace value, if the premium shifts ever more to education, in which achievement is increasingly female, then we will soon be having parallel conversations: What needs to be done to fre

11、e American men to realize their full potential? You can imagine the whole conversation flipping in a single generation. 如果男性工作保持消失,如果体力失去工作的价值,如果溢价转移更多的教育,正得到越来越多的女性成就,那么,我们将很快会有平行的对话:需要做些什么免费的美国人能够充分实现其潜能?你可以想象在整个谈话翻转一代。B1 But in an age when divorce and serial marriage have become commonplace, when

12、 many women are entering marriages earning large sums and such assets are an increasing component of family wealth, it is not just billionaires like Ronald Perelman, president of Revlon, and Donald Trump who are concerned about protecting what is his, what is hers and what is theirs.但是在一个时代婚姻离婚和系列已经

13、成为司空见惯的事,当许多女性进入婚姻大笔收入,这些资产增加家庭财富的组成部分,它不仅是亿万富翁,如罗纳德-他而言,Revlon总统,唐纳德·特朗普人担心保护他,什么是她的,什么是他们的。2 While prenuptial agreements and even postnuptial agreements are increasingly being used to set boundaries, in the end, who gets what depends on legal jurisdiction, sound financial planning, national t

14、raditions and the psychological state of the marriage.在婚前协议和婚后协议也越来越多地被用来设定界限,到最后,谁将得到什么依靠法律管辖的,健全的财务规划、民族传统和婚姻的心理状态。3 To sum up, while a financial crisis may force a couple to pull together, realizing a fortune may cause a couple to squabble about things that were not debatable before. The differen

15、ces can lead to separate lives, and sometimes to divorce.综上所述,当一场金融危机可能迫使这对夫妻同心协力,实现财富可能会导致这对夫妻彼此争论的事,有过。的不同导致各自的生活,有时离婚。UNIT 3 A1 my personal favorite prediction is E ,the further fattening of America ,but Iam just guided by a personal rule : never bet against the expansion of America ns waistlines

16、 ,especially not when public health experts get involved我个人最喜欢的预测的是E,美国进一步育肥,但I'am只是一个个人统治的指导:从未对赌美国的腰围扩张,特别是公共卫生专家介入2 Pointing to evidence that a salt-restricted diet causes some peoples blood pressure to drop ,the reformers extrapolate that tens of thousands of lives would besaved if there wer

17、e less salt in everybodys food他指着证据,盐限制饮食会导致一些人的血压下降,改革者推断将被保存,如果有每个人的食物中的盐少了成千上万人的生命,数万指向一个salt-restricted证据表明,一些人的饮食导致血压下降,改革者们推断,成千上万的人的生命是可以挽救的如果有少放点儿盐,每个人的食物3 the salt reformers dismiss these speculations , arguing that with the right help, people can maintain low-salt diets without gaining wei

18、ght or suffering other problems .but even if people could be induced to eat less salt , would they end up better off ? the estimates about all the lives to be saved just extrapolations based on the presumed benefits of lower blood pressure.盐改革者认为这些猜测,认为正确的帮助,人们可以保持不体重增加或遭受其他问题低盐饮食,但即使人们少吃盐可诱导,他们会最终更

19、好吗?估计要保存刚才的推断,降低血压推定利益的基础上对所有生活4 when you reduce salt , Dr. Alderman said , you reduce blood pressure , but there can also be other adverse and unintended consequences . as more data have accumul ated , its less and less supportive of the case for salt reduction , but the advocates seem more determi

20、ned than ever to change policy当你减少盐,阿尔德曼博士说,你降低血压,但也可以有其他不良和意想不到的后果。更多的数据积累,越来越少的情况下减少盐的支持,但主张似乎更有决心比以往任何时候改变政策5 As Americans ate more calories , they could have eased up on some of the saltier choices so that their overall sodium consumption remained constant . by that same logic ,he speculated , i

21、f future policies reduce the average amount of salt in food , people might compensate by seeking out saltier foods or by simply eating still more of everything.美国人吃了更多的热量,他们可能会缓解一些咸的选择上,使其整体钠消费量保持不变。相同的逻辑,他推测,如果未来的政策减少食品中的盐的平均金额,人们可能会弥补寻求咸的食物或简单吃更多的东西。B1 technology revolutions come in two flavors :

22、jarringly fast and imperceptibly slow . the first kind ,like the sudden ubiquity of iPods or the proliferation of music-sharing sites on the Net , seems to instantly reshape the cultural landscape . the slower upheavals grind away over the course of decades , subtly transforming the way we live and

23、work.技术革命有两种类型:jarringly快和潜移默化慢。第一类,如突然的iPod无处不在,或在网上音乐共享网站的扩散,似乎即刻重塑的文化景观。慢动荡碾在几十年的过程中,巧妙地改变了我们的生活和工作方式。2 these phones sit in museums now ,and half a billion sleeker , colorful new mobile sets are sold each year . sales of mobile phones dwarf the sales of televisions, stereos ,even the hallowed per

24、sonal computer . there are 1.5 billion cell phones in the world today ,more than there times the number of PCs .mobile phones are so integral to our lives that its difficult to remember how the heck we ever got on without.这些手机现在坐在博物馆,和50亿时尚,丰富多彩的新的移动集每年售出。销售手机电视,音响,甚至神圣的个人电脑销售相形见绌。有1.5亿部手机在当今世界,有次以上

25、的个人电脑数量。手机给我们的生活的组成部分,它很难记住的挫折感,我们曾经在没有得到。3 In south Korea , phones are so cherished by youngsters that in a recent survey ofelementary school kids , half said they wanted a phone as their gift for Childrens Day , a national holiday . Dogs got 22 percent of the vote ,PCs a meager 10 percent .many As

26、ian phone manufacturers think the next killer app for all these kids is actually 7 years old : television.在韩国,手机是如此珍视的青少年,在小学的孩子最近的调查显示,一半的人说,他们希望手机作为儿童节,一个全国性的节日礼物。狗有22%的选票,电脑微薄的10%,许多亚洲手机制造商认为所有这些孩子的下一个杀手级应用实际上是7年岁:。电视。4 Another challenge is that unlike the internet , there is no open and single s

27、et of protocols in the phone world for programmers to build around . Software written for one kind of phone wont work on all the other .the uncoordinated , noncommercial programming that led to the quick evolution of the Internet hasnt taken hold in the world of mobile phones .另一个挑战是,不像互联网,有没有协议,为程序

28、员在手机世界的开放和单套围绕。一种电话编写的软件将无法正常工作在所有其他的不协调,非商业性的节目,导致互联网的快速演变,不采取保持在全球的移动电话.Unit 4 A1 He was wondering whether Mrs. Sappleton was in the married or widowed state. An undefinable something about the room seemed to suggest masculine habitation.他不知道是否Sappleton夫人在结婚或丧偶的状态。一个无法加以解说的一些关于房间似乎表明男性的居所2 Out thr

29、ough that window, three years ago to a day, her husband and her two young brothers went off for their day's shooting. They never came back. In crossing the moor to their favorite snipe-shooting ground they were all three engulfed in a treacherous piece of bog. It had been that dreadful wet summe

30、r, you know, and places that were safe in other years gave way suddenly without warning. Their bodies were never recovered. That was the dreadful part of it.从那扇窗户吧,三年前,有一天,她的丈夫和她的两个年幼的兄弟去了他们的天的射击。他们再也没有回来。穿越那摩尔人到他们的喜爱的snipe-shooting地面都是3 -奸诈的块烂泥塘。它已经被那可怕的多雨的夏季,你知道,然后是安全的地方,在其它年份无预兆地突然让位给了。他们的尸体被无法寻获

31、。这是可怕的一部分。3 She rattled on cheerfully about the shooting and the scarcity of birds, and the prospects for duck in the winter. To Framton it was all purely horrible. He made a desperate but only partially successful effort to turn the talk on to a less ghastly topic, he was conscious that his hostess

32、 was giving him only a fragment of her attention, and her eyes were constantly straying past him to the open window and the lawn beyond. It was certainly an unfortunate coincidence that he should have paid his visit on this tragic anniversary.她喋喋不休高高兴兴地关于枪击事件的这个匮乏的鸟,并展望了鸭在冬天。对于弗兰顿来说,所有这纯粹是可怕的。他做了一个绝

33、望的但是只能是部分的成功地把谈话转移到一个不那么可怕的话题,他意识到,他拜访的女主人并没有怎么留意他只是一个片段的她的注意,她的目光一直是绕过他注视着那扇开着的窗户以及那边的草坪。它确实是一个不幸的巧合他应该付给他访问在这个悲剧的周年纪念日。4 In the deepening twilight three figures were walking across the lawn towards the window, they all carried guns under their arms, and one of them was additionally burdened with a

34、 white coat hung over his shoulders. A tired brown spaniel kept close at their heels. Noiselessly they neared the house, and then a hoarse young voice chantedout of the dusk: "I said, Bertie, why do you bound?"在深化三个数字是黄昏穿过草坪向车窗,他们都背负着枪在他们的手臂,其中之一是另外面对一件白色的外套挂在肩上。一个疲惫的棕色的小猎犬的保持着密切的脚跟。Noisel

35、essly他们接近房子,然后用沙哑的声音呼喊出年轻黄昏的:“我说,Bertie,为什么你要吗?”UNIT 5 A1 Some of Seligman's own research, University of Pennsylvania psychologist , for instance, had focused on optimism, a trait shown to be associated with good physical health, less depression and mental illness, longer life and, yes, greater

36、happiness.宾夕法尼亚大学心理学家塞利格曼自己的研究,例如,有侧重于乐观,显示良好的身体健康,少抑郁症和精神疾病,寿命更长,是的,更大的幸福相关的特征。2 A 2002 study conducted at the University of Illinois by Diener and Seligman found that the most salient characteristics shared by the 10% of students with the highest levels of happiness and the fewest signs of depress

37、ion were their strong ties to friends and family and commitment to spending time with them.迪纳和塞利格曼在伊利诺伊大学进行的2002年研究发现,10%的学生共享幸福的最高水平和抑郁症的最少的迹象,最突出的的特点是他们的朋友和家人和承诺支出的紧密联系与他们的时间。3 Asking people how happy they are, Kahneman contends, "is very much like asking them about the colonoscopy after it&#

38、39;s over. There's a lot that escapes them." Kahneman therefore believes that social scientists studying happiness should pay careful attention to people's actual experiences rather than just survey their reflections.要求人们,他们是多么的幸福,卡尼曼,“是非常喜欢询问他们的结肠镜检查后,它的结束。还有很多逃脱他们。”因此,卡尼曼认为,社会科学家研究幸福应

39、特别注意人们的实际经验,而不是仅仅调查的反思4 Of those three roads to a happy, satisfied life, pleasure is the least consequential, he insists: "This is newsworthy because so many Americans build their lives around pursuing pleasure. It turns out that engagement and meaning are much more important."一个快乐的,满意的生活,

40、这三条道路的乐趣是至少相应的,他坚持说:“这是有新闻价值,因为这么多美国人围绕他们的生活追求的乐趣,原来,参与和意义重要得多。”5 Because of the large influence of our genes, Lykken proposed the idea that each of us has a happiness set point much like our set point for body weight. No matter what happens in our life-good, bad, spectacular, horrific-we tend to re

41、turn in short order to our set range.因为我们的基因有很大的影响,Lykken提出的想法,我们每个人都有一个幸福很像我们设置点体重设定点。无论在我们的生活中发生的事情- 好的,坏的,蔚为壮观,可怕的- 我们往往在短期内恢复到我们设定的范围。UNIT 5 B1 It is important to state emphatically that our purpose in providing you with this list of the most important American values is not convert you , the fo

42、reign visitor , to our values . We couldnt achieve that goal even if we wanted to , and we dont want to .重要的是要强调,我们为您提供与这个美国最重要的价值的列表的目的是不转换,外国游客,我们的价值观。我们无法实现这一目标,即使我们想,我们不想。2The problems of ones life are not seen as having resulted from bad luck as much as having come from ones laziness in pursuing a better life. Furthermore, it is considered normal tha