高中英语状语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

1、状语从句状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1.When , while, as都可解释为“当的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1WhenEg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.注意点

2、:when 从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be 动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。Eg: When (she was walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2AsAs 除了表示“当的时候”,还可表示为“一面一面”,“随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面一面You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着3While表示“当的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg: While we were working, th

3、ey were having a rest.While (they were having a discussion, they got very confused.注意点:while 有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2.until, notuntil表示“直到才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句:I waited until midnight.否定句:I did not leave until midnight.注意点:1not until在句首,主句用倒装eg: N

4、ot until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2 It is not untilthat引导的强调句It was not until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, each time都可表示“一就”eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.注意点:the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first

5、time作连词不和when 连用。4.Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, as soon as表示为“一就”eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.It began to rain as soon as I got home.注意点:Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan位于句首,主句用倒装eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home wh

6、en it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.二条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类:真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有:if, even if/though, unless/ if not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so far as, pr ovided/providing (that, on condition that 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。1.unless 和ifnotunless 相当于ifnoteg

7、: You will fail unless you study hard.You will not fail if you study hard.注意点:在虚拟条件句中可用ifnot,但不能用unlesseg: If she were not too silly,she would understand.2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:Eg: You may go there ,as long as you keep quite.Eg: I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.Eg: I will

8、go provided that you go too.三让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有:though, although, even if/ though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。1.though, although不可与but连用,但可以和yet , still连用.Eg: Though/Although it is raining ,they are still running outside.注意点:1though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装,结构为:强调对象+as/though+主

9、语+其它成分,强调对象可为表语(名词、形容词或状语(副词,表语为名词时,前面不用冠词。Child as/ though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.2despite 和in spite of 也有让步意义,后接名词或动词,而though, although是连词,后接从句。Eg: Despite /In spite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.Tho

10、ugh/although she wanted to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.2. “no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”eg: No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.注意点:no matter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句3.even if/ though表示“即使”eg: He doesnt want to marry her even if/ though he loves he

11、r very much.四原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有:because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact that等1.becausebecause语气最强,通常用于回答why 提出的问题注意点:在it wasthat的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as, for引导。Eg: It is because she is too inexperienced that she does

12、not know how to deal with the situation. 2. since和assince的语气比because 弱,比as强,表示间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。Eg: As/ Since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.3.for当for表示原因关系时,for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.五目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有:so that, in o

13、rder that, lest, in case, for fear that等。Eg: You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注意点:lest, in case, for fear that所引导的状语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,形式为should+动词原形,也可不用虚拟语气,用

14、动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。Eg: You had better leave the key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back. 六结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有:so that, sothat, suchthat等eg: He is so young that he can not go to school.He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.1.常用句型:so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词

15、+that从句such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句such +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句2.so和such的搭配规律such修饰名词或名词词组,so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many, few, much, little等。Eg: so foolish such a foolso nice a flower such a nice flowerso many/few flowers such nice flowersso much/little money such rapid progressso many people such a lot of

16、people七比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有:asas, than, not soas, the morethe more等如:He speaks English as fluently as his brother (doesI cant jump so /as high as he (doesThere are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it .The more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is .连接词than 可作为

17、关系代词用。如:He wrote more than was necessaryDont carry more m oney than is needed八地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever以及where构成的复合词等eg: She found her calculator where she lost it.Wherever I am, I will miss you.注意点:eg: I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.(地点状语从句I happened to see

18、 your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.(定语从句九方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连接词有as, just as, as if / though(一般用虚拟语气,也有用直陈语气的等。EG:Just do as you are told.The workers went on working as if nothing had happened.He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her.在just as -, so - 结构中,as 带有

19、比喻含义。意为“正如”,多用于正式文体。EG:Just as some people like sports, so some people like music.the way 也可引导方式状语从句。EG:you should operate the machine the way I do .1. Dont be afraid of aski ng for help _ it is needed.A. unlessB. sinceC. althoughD. when2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curios

20、ity _ he reaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until3. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. while4 You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.A. even ifB. as thoughC. as long asD. unless5. “Was his father very strict w

21、ith him when he was at school?” “Yes. He had never praised him_ he became one of the top students in his grade.”A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when6. _ I suggest, he always disagrees.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Whoever7. You should put on the notices _ all the people may see them.A. whereB. in

22、whichC. atD. for them8. _ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.A. WhereverB. HoweverC. WhicheverD. Whoever9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _ she realized what she had said.A. whileB. as soon asC. suddenlyD. then10. _ her faults, shes Arnolds mother. Dont be so rude to her.A

23、. WhateverB. WhatC. WhicheverD. Whenever11. _ youre got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _ I met her.A. first timeB. for the first timeC. the first timeD. by the first time13. Dont play

24、by the river _ you fall in and drown!A. in caseB. so thatC. in order thatD. when14. Why do you want a new jo b _ youve got such a good one already?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when15. He is better than _ I last visited him.A. whenB. thatC. howD. which16. _ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it with

25、out complaint.A. So long asB. Even thoughC. SinceD. While17. _ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.A. While B. As C. Since D. Because 18. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 19. _ rich on

26、e may be there is always something one wants. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever 20. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if 21. Mr Zhang is mild in character. He never shouts _ he is very angry. A.

27、if B. even C. though D. even when 22. “How long do you suppose it is _ he left for Japan?” “No more than half a month.” A. when B. before C. after D. since 23. In some countries, _ are called “public schools” are not owned by the sta te. A. that 【答案与解析】 1. 选 D。when 意为“在(当时候”。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。 2. 选 D。u

28、ntil 意为“直到”，句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好 奇心”。 3. 选 C。as long as 意为“只要”，全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地， 下面一题也选 as long as： “What are you going to do this afternoon? “Ill probably go for a walk later on _ it stays fine.” A. as far as C. even if B. as long as D. as if B. which C. as D. what 4. 选 D。u

29、nless 意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。 5. 选 C。考查 notuntil 句式，其意为“直到才”。 6. 选 B。whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选 A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。 7. 选 A。where 指“在的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。 8. 选 A，wherever 意为“无论什么地方”。 9. 选 B。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选 as soon as： _ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help. A. While C. Suddenly B. As soon as D. Then 10. 选 A。whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。 11. 选 A。now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然”，与 since 同义。其中的 might as well 意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。 12. 选 C。the first time 在此用作连词，用以