教师资格考试-高中英语-2015下半年

1、教师资格考试-2015年下半年-真题英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）1.考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分。2._请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答，在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。一、单项选择题（本大题共 30 小题，每小题 2 分，共 60 分）1. In English, the aspirated ph and the unaspirated p are.A. minimal pairs B. in phonemic contrastC. two distinctive phonemes D. in complementary distribution1. 【答案】D。解析:考查音系

2、学知识。此题句意是：在英语中，送气音位变体ph 和不送气的音位变体 p 是什么关系？ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体。complementary distribution 表示互补分布”。在同一语音环境中出现的两个音 并不形成对照或对比，或者说，如果将其中一个代替另一个并不会产生新词或新意时，则这两个音位变体之间的关 系是互补分布。所以此题 D 正确。 minimal pair 表示“最小对比对” ，是指两个语音形式或词除了一个语音片段之外 其余部分完金相同的状态，如pill 和 bill，dill 和 kill 等；phonemic contrast 表示音位对立”，是指两个相似的音位出现

3、在不同语音的同一位置，并产生意义差别，如ph和p在 rope 相 robe 中，它们都在词尾的位置，但是意义不同，因此，它们之间的关系是对立的。two distinctive phonemes 表示两个不同的音位”。而题中ph和p是同一音位/p/的音位变体，所以 C 不正确。故选 D。2. /s/ and/0can be distinguished by_.A. manner of articulationB. place of articulationC. vibration of the vocal cordsD. aspiration of articulation2.答案】B.解析：考

4、查语言学知识。此题句意是：/s/ a nd/0有什么不同？manner ofarticulation 表示发言方式，.;placeof articulation 表示“发音部位” ； vibration of the vocal cords 表示“声带的震动” ； aspiration of articulation 表示“送气 发音”。/s/和/0都是清辅音、摩擦音，并且发音时都送气，所以排除A、B 和 C 选顷，而/s/和/“的不同在于发音部位，/s/为齿龈音，而/0为齿音，故 B 正确。3. You II find this Travel Guide to be of great _ i

5、n helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.3. 【答案】C。解析：考查名词词义辨析。此题句意思：你会发现Travel Guide 这本书在帮助你和你的孩子游览马来西亚这方面是 _ 。“be of+抽象名词”相当于形容词.be of value 表示很有价值”，故 C 正确。cost 表示”花费”;price表示价格 ； expenditure 表示“开支，费用”A. costB. priceC. valueD. expenditure4. When the train_, all the school students wer

6、e surprised to see that the Carlisle team had one man only.A. pulled downB. pulled onC. pulledof D.pulled in4. 【答案】D。解析:考查动词词组辨析。此题句意是：当火车_ ，学校所奇的学生都惊讶地看到 Carlisle 队只高一个男生。 pull down 表示拆毁， 毁坏” ； pull on 表示牵， 拉” ； “ pull off ” 表示“做成某事” ；pull in 表示“（指火车）进站” ，故 D 正确。5. Which of the following words cont

7、ains an inflectional morpheme?A. Disappear.B. Blacken.C. Oxen.D. Anti-pollution.5. 【答案】C。解析：考查形态学知识。此题句意是：下列哪一词包含屈折语素？屈折语素表明各种不同的语法关系和语法范畴。四个选项中，只有C 选项 Oxen 中en表示复数，所以 C 正确。6. Reading is to the mind_ food is to the body.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what6. 【答案】Do解析:考查固定结构。此题句意为：阅读之于思维犹如食物之于人体。 A is to B wh

8、atC is to D 意思是“ A 之于 B 犹如 C 之于 D ,what 前后为物与物的比较，如果是数与数的比较， 则用 as 连接，例如 :Four is to twelve as one is to three 。故此题 D 正确 .7. He had no time and energy to play with his children or shop with his wife, but he _ home a regular salary.A. did bring B. does bringC. did getD. does get7. 【答案】A。解析：考查强调和词义辨析。

9、此题句意是：他没有时间陪他的孩子玩儿，也没 有时间陪妻子购物，但是他会定期给家里钱。 根据 but 可知前后时态应该一致， 故排除 B 和D。根据句意可知应表示 给家里钱，故 A 正确。8. In fact, they would rather have left for LondoninBirmingham.A. to stayB. in order to stay C. than have stayed D. instead of having stayed8. 【答案】 G 解析：考查固定结构。 此题句意是：事实上， 他们宁愿已经去了伦敦而不是待在 伯明翰。 固定结构 wouldrath

10、er do A than do B 表示宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B”，故 C 正确。9. _ makes it possible for language users to overcome the limitations of time and space incommunication.A. Arbitrariness B. DualityC. ProductivityD. Displacement9.【答案】D。解析：考查语言本质特征。此题句意是：能够使语言的使用者在交流中克服时 间和空间的局限性体现了语言的什么特征 ? displacement 表示 语言的位移性 ，是指人类语 音可以让

11、使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上不可及的物体、 时间和观点。 故 D正确。10. The sense relation of the following pair of sentences is that_ .X: Marys pet cat was stolen.Y: Marry has a pet cat.A. X entails Y B. X presupposes Y C. X is inconsistent with Y D. X is synonymous with Y10. 【答案】B。解析：考查语义关系。此题句意为：句子X “玛丽的宠物猫被偷了。”和句子Y “玛丽有一

12、只宠物猫”是什么关系？X presupposes Y 表示“ X 预设 Y”。由句意可知，Y 为 X的先决条件，故句子 X 和句子 Y 为预设关系。故此题 B 正确.11. Which of the following statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate?A. It is a teaching guide.B. It is a blueprint to be strictly followed.C. It takes into account syllabus and students.D. It describes in advan

13、ce what and how to teach.11. 【答案】B。解析：考查教学设计。此题是问：下列关于教案的表述，哪个是不恰当的？A 项意为“它是一项教学指导” ，B 项意为“它是一项必须严格遵照的计划”，C 项意为“它需要考虑到教学大纲和学情” ， D 项意为 它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教” 。 A、C、D 项分别体现了教 案的性质、 要求和内容， 但教案只是一份教学计划， 在实际过程中全因为一些突发状况而随 即进行调整的，所以B 项说“需要严格遵照执行”是不准确的。故选B 项。12. Skill- integrated activities allow teachers to bui

14、ld in more _ into a lesson, for the range ofactivities will be wider.A. certaintyB. simplicityC. varietyD. accuracy12. 【答案】C。解析：此题是问：综合技能活动允许老师在课程中融入更多_，因为活动范围会更加广泛，A 项意为“确定性” ，B 项意为“内容有效性”，C 项意为“多样性” ，D项意为 “准确性”，从题干当中的 integrated 和 wider 等词可以判断出， 只有使课堂活动更加 多样，才会带来活动范围的扩大。故选C。13. A language proficie

15、ncy test that only consists of multiple -choice questions lacks_ .A. construct validity B. content validity C. test reliabilityD. score reliability13.【答案】 A。 解析： 此题是问：一个只有多项选择题的语言水平测试缺乏。A 项意为“结构高效性”，B 项意为“内容有效性”，C 项意为“测试信度”，D 项意为“评分者信度” 以多项选择试题出现的结构， 即使学生能拿高分， 也不一定表明其能够自如运用这些语法结 构知识进行书面表达或口头交际。 也就是说

16、， 这一题型只能测试学生的语言输入能力， 如听和读， 而不能测试学生的语言输出能力， 如说和写。因此，多项选择试题的结构效度在当前 的测试理论之下的局限性突出。 而其成为最普遍的测试手段的主要原因在于它较高的表面效 度和信度，但真实并不是真正有效的。故选A。14. When a teacher asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into a logical paragraph ，he/she is trying to drawtheir attention to_.A. grammar B. vocabulary C. sentence

17、 patterns D. textual coherence14. 【答案】D。解斩：此题是问：当一名老师让学生将一组句子重新排列成一个有逻辑的段落，那么他/她是想让学生注意。A项意为“语法”，B 项意为“词汇”，C 项意为 句型”， D 项意为“结构连贯性” 。既然老师是让学生重排成端，所以强调的是句子间的逻辑性，故 选 D。15. Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extracting specific information?A. Inferring meaning fro

18、m the context.B. Recognizing the authors beliefs and attitudes.C. Using information in the reading passage to make hypotheses.D. Listening to the flight information to see if the plane is on time.15. 【答案】D。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以帮助提高学生提炼具体信息的能力？A项意为“通过上下文推断含义”，B 项意为“识别作者的看法和态度”，C 项意为“利用阅读文章中的信息作出假设” ， D 项意

19、为“听取航班信息判断飞机是否准时” 。由此可知， A、B、 C 分别对应了含义推断题、态度推断题和细节推断题，侧重的都是对于学生判断能力的锻炼，因而只有 D 项是通过听力练习中对于细节信息的听取来训练学生对于细节信息的把握能力，故选 D。16. Which of the following activities can be used to check students understanding of difficult sentences in the text?A. Paraphrasing. B. Blank-filling.C. Story-telling.D. Summarizin

20、g.16.答案】A。解析：此题是问：下列哪项活动可以被用来检查学生对于文章中难句的理解？A 项意为释义”，B 项意为填空”，C 项意为“讲故事” ，D 项意为“总结”。如果想考查学 生对于难句是否理解， 可以通过让他们用自己的话进行重新解释来判断。信息或文章大 的把握，故选 A。17. When a teacher organizes group work, which of the following might be of the least concern?A. Increasing peer interaction.B. Increasing individual practice.C

21、. Developing language accuracy. D. Providing variety and dynamics.17. 【答案】C。解析：此题是问：当老师组织小组活动时，下列哪项可以最少关心？A 项意为增加同伴间的互动”，B 项意为增加个人练习”，C 项意为“提高语言准确性” ，D 项意为“提供多样性和动力” 。组织小组活动的目的一般是调动课堂兴趣，培养学生的参与、合作 等能力，锻炼他们的实际语言运用能力。 基于这样的目的，在小组活动中， 老师可以适当忽 略对于语言准确性的要求，故选C。18. If a teacher asks students to collect, c

22、ompare and analyze certain sentence patterns, he/she aims at developingstudentsA. discourse awarenessB. cultural awarenessC. strategic competenceD. linguistic competence18. 【答案】D。解析：此题是问：如果老师让学生去收集、比较和分析某些句型，他/她旨在发展学生的 _。 A项意为“语篇意识” ，B 项意为“文化意识” ，C 项意为“交际能力” ，D项意为“语言能力” 。由题干可以看出，老师组织的活动主要是针对句型结构的，进一

23、步而 言实际体现的是对语言能力的训练，故选 D。19. When a teacher says to the whole class， Stand up and act out the dialogue ， he/she is playing the role ofa(n)_.A. monitorB. organizerC. assessorD. prompter19.【答案】B。解析:考查教师的角色。此题是问：当老师对全班同学说”站边来，把这个对话表演出来”，那么他/她扮演的角色是 _. A 项意为“调控者”，指老师对活动的进程进行把握，保证其开展的顺利高效； C 顶意为“评价者” ，指老师

24、对学生的表现进行评价； D 项 意为“促进者” ，指老师在学生不知道要做什么说什么时给予适当的提示。在该题中，老师 让学生进行一项具体活动，体现了对于课堂活动的设计组织，所以扮演的是组织者的角色， 故选 B。其他几项只涉及到对具体20. Which of the following may better check students ability of using a grammatical structure?kids face scrunch up and think that does nt feel good.Text ing youre fat allows you to bypa

25、ssA. Having them work out the rule.B. Having them give some examples.C. Having them explain the meaning.D. Having them explain the structure.20.【答案】B。解析：考查语法技能教学。此题是问：下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力?A 项意为”让他们找出规律，B 项意为”让他的给出一些例子”，C 项意为让他们解释含义”，D 项意为“让他们说明结构”。通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于该语法结构的把握，故选B。请阅读

26、Passage!完成第 21-25 题.Passage 1When asked by Conan if his daughters had smart phones，comedian Louis CK explained that he hadsuccessfully fen ded them off by simply repl yin g. No, you cant have it. It is bad for you.He in sta ntly became my hero as I was mired in difficult n egotiatio ns with my ten -

27、year-old daughter over one.And frankly ， she was winning. Was it possible to say no to my daughter, as CK suggested? I had n t even known Iwas allowed to, if the guinea pigs, the dogs, and things for her doll Molly were any in dicati on. CK rati on alized ， Iam not rais ing the childre n. lm rais in

28、g the grow n- ups that they are going to be. So just because the other stupid kidshave phones does nt mean that my kid has to be stupid. Now I knew I didn t want my kid to grow up stupid like herfrien ds. I n eeded to expla in this to her. This is what CK told Conan and me.Cell phones are toxic， esp

29、ecially for kids. he said， because they don t help them learn empathy， one of thenicer human emotions. When we text， we don see or hear a visceral reacti on .The resp onse we get is cold andhard text -message. Why are kids mean? He asked. Because theyre trying it out. They look at another kid and sa

30、y ，You re fat. Then they see thethe pain.CK went on to explain that smart phones rob us of our ability to be alone. Kids use smart phones to occupy theirtime: Must text! Must play game! Must look up more tiny socks online for Molly! CK asked, what happened to zoningout? After all， one of the joys of

31、 being human is allowing our minds to wander with cell phones， kids are alwayspreoccupied. They never daydream ，except in class. And heres something else were missing: our right to bemiserable. This was a right I hadnt realized I desired until CK pointed out that its another of the essential humanem

32、otions.CK gave the example of driving by yourself and suddenly realizing that youre alone. Not Oh, guess I can t usethe lane alone. Dark, brooding sadness causes so many drivers to grab smart phone and reach out to another livingsoul.Everybodys murdering each other with their cars as they text becau

33、se they dread being alone. Too bad-theyre missing out on a life -affirming experience.I was in my car one time ， and Bruce Springsteens Jungleland came on. He sounds so far away. It made mereally sad. And I think, lve got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people. I was reaching for the phone ， and

34、 I thought ，dont! Just be sad.So CK pulled over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl denied a nice thing for her American Girl doll. It wasbeautiful. Sadness is poetic. Youre lucky to live sad moments, he said. Because he didnt fight and allowed himself tobe sadness I was grateful to feel s

35、ad, and then I met it with true profound happiness. The thing is, because we dontwant that first bit of sad，we push it away with that little phone. So you never feel completely sad or completely happy. You just feel kind ofsatisfied. And then you die. Thats why I dont want to get phones for my kids.

36、And I suppose I dont either.21. Why did the author regard CK as her hero?A. CK was a good father and a very brave comedian in her eyes.B. CK didnt agree to buy smart phones for his young daughters.C. She was very impressed by his solution to the smart phone problem.D. She was encouraged by him not t

37、o make any compromises to her daughter.22. What does the underlined word one in PARAGRAPH TWO refer to?A. A dog.B. A doll.C. A guinea pig.D. Asmart phone.23. Why did CK refuse to buy his kids cell phones?A. He didnt like cell phones at all and thought they were poisonous, especially, for kids.B. He

38、believed that cell phones were ruining kids abilities to experience their own lives.C. He worried that his kids would play their phones in class and be absent -minded.D. He was a different kind of father who would like to raise his kids in a different way.24. Which of the following is closest in mea

39、ning to the underlined phrase zoning out in PARAGRAPH FOUR?A. Losing concentration. B. Being alone.C. Buying things on line.D.Playing games.25. Which of the following is true according to the article?A. Text messages have allowed children to learn and feel empathy.B. Cell phones have made childrens

40、life at school colorful and exciting.C. Experiencing loneliness or sadness is as beneficial as enjoying happiness.D. Cell phones may offer people the quickest way to find someone to talk to. 【答案解析】21. 【答案】G 解析：考查细节理解。通过阅读文章中第一及第二段，可知作者认为CK 是她的英雄，因为 CK 在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，因此作者对他的处理方法印象深刻。故本题的

41、正确答案为C。22. 【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第二段可知，CK 是作者的英雄，因为 CK 在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，但是当作者面对同样 的问题时， 她却没有处理好这个问题， 最终给自己的女儿买了智能手机。 故本题的正确答案 为 A。23. 【答案】A。解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段第一句话，得知手机是有毒的，特别是对孩子而言，可知A 选项正确。24. 【答案】A。解析：考查词义理解。根据文章第四段，可知手机剥夺了独立的能力。因为智能手机已占据了孩子们所有的时间。CK 问道：What happe ned to zoning out?，后面给出了

42、答案，有一个关键词 wander 游离，走神，可推测 zoning out 应该是相 wander 一样 的意思，故本题选 A。25.【答案】G 解析：考查细节理解。根据文章中第三段，可知A 选项错误；通过阅读 整篇文章，可得知孩子们玩智能手机对他们有很多不利，故 B 选项错误；C 选项表明经历孤 独寂寞和悲伤有益于享受快乐，可根据文章的第七、八段得出答案； D 选项说明手机也是找 人谈话的最快的方式，文章中并没有出现， D 选项错误，故本题的正确答案为 C。请阅读 Passage?完成第 26-30 题.Passage 2Un til a decade or two ago ，the cen

43、 ter of many Western cities were emptyi ng while their edges were spreading.This was not for the reasons normally cited. Neither the car nor the motorway caused suburban sprawl, although theyspend it up: cities were spreading before either came along. Nor was the flight to the suburbs caused by raci

44、sm.Whites fled inner-city neighborhoodsthat were becoming black, but they also fled ones that were not. Planning and zoning rules en couraged sprawl, as didtax breaks for home own ership - but cities spread regardless of these. The real cause was mass affluenee. As peoplegrew richer，they demanded mo

45、re privacy and space. Only a few could afford that in city cen ters; the rest moved out.The same process is now occurring in the developing world , but much more quickly. The population density ofmetropolitan Beijing has collapsed since 1970, falling from 425 people perhectare to 65. Indian cities a

46、re following; Brazils are ahead. And suburbanization has a long way to run. Beijing is nowabout as crowded as metropolita n Chicago was at its most closely packed , in the 1920s. Since then Chicagosdensity has fallen by almost three -quarters.This is welcome. Romantic notions of sociable, high-densi

47、ty living -notions pushed , for themost part , by people who themselves occupy rather spacious residences - ignore the squalor and lack of privacy tobe found in Kin shasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world. Many of them are far too dense for dig nified livi ng, and n eed to spread

48、 out.The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The moder n Stepfords areno Ion ger white mono cultures, but that is progress. For every Fergus onthere are many American suburbs that have quietly become black , Hispanic or Asian,or a blend of every one.Picar

49、esque acco unts of decay overlook the fact that Americas suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than halfas poor as central cities. Even as urban centres revive , more America ns move from city centre to suburb tha n go theother way.But the West has also made mistakes , from which the rest o

50、f the world can learn. The first less on is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on every one. Suburba nites tend to use more roads and con sume more carb on tha n urbanites (though perhaps not as much as dista nt commuters forced out by gree n belts). But this damage can bealleviated by a carb on tax

51、 , by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followedthe barmy American practice of requiri ng property developers to provide a certa in nu mber of park ing spaces forevery building - something that makes commuting by car much more attractive than it would be

52、otherwise. Scrapp ingthem would give public tran sport a cha nce.The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most effective method for doingthis, push up property prices and encourage Iong-distance commut ing. The cost of hous ing in London, already astron

53、o mical , went up by 19% in the past year, reflecting not just the city s strong economy but also the impossibility ofbuilding on its edges. The in siste nce on big minimum lot sizes in some America n suburbs and rural areas has muchthe same effect. Cities that try to prevent growth through green be

54、lts often end up weake ning themselves, as Seoulhas done.A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and railways, and chunks forparks， before the city sprawls into them. New Yorks 19th -century governors decided where Central Park was goingto go long before

55、the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but thepark is still there. This is not the dirigisme of the new -town planner -that confident soul who believes he knows wherepeople will want to live and work ， and how they will get from one to the other.

56、 It is the realism needed to manage theinevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as itgoes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky songs about the appallingdullness of suburbia.26. F

57、or which of the following reasons did the west move out of cities?A. They did not need to pay higher taxes when living in suburbs.B. Car industry rapidly developed and motorways swiftly emerged.C. They discriminated against the black people living in city centers.D. The richer they grew, the more de

58、mand they had on privacy an apace.27. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word detractors in PARAGRAPH FOUR?A. Urbanites B. Proponents C. Opponents D. Suburbanites28. What does the underlined word them in PARAGRAPH FIVE refer to?A. Parking spaces B. Green belts C. Distant

59、commuters D. Property developers29. Which of the following best reflects the authors view of suburbanization ?A. Measures should be taken to prevent the growth of suburbsB. The expansion of suburban areas should be planned in advanceC. The West had made of few mistakes on its way to suburbanizationD

60、. Planners should be mentally prepared for its negative consequences30. Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from the passage?A. Public transport should be encouraged in suburbanizationB. People from poor countries are living with privacy and dignityC. Local conditions should be take