句子种类陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句ppt课件

1、专题十二简单句专题十二简单句陈说句陈说句是用于陈说现实和观念的句子。包括一定构造和否陈说句是用于陈说现实和观念的句子。包括一定构造和否认构造。一定句变否认句的根本方法如下：认构造。一定句变否认句的根本方法如下：1be 动词的否认式：在动词的否认式：在be动词后面加否认词动词后面加否认词not。如：。如：We arent classmates. 我们不是同窗。我们不是同窗。2情态动词的否认式：在情态动词后面直接加否认词情态动词的否认式：在情态动词后面直接加否认词not。如：如： I cant speak English well. 我英语说得不好。我英语说得不好。3实义动词的否认式：借助助动词实

2、义动词的否认式：借助助动词do/ does构成。普通如构成。普通如今时的句子构造为：主语今时的句子构造为：主语doesnt/dont 动词原形其他。动词原形其他。如：如：He doesnt do exercise every day.他不是每天锻炼。他不是每天锻炼。 疑问句疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，讯问情况。分为普通疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，讯问情况。分为普通疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。1普通疑问句：用普通疑问句：用yes和和no来回答的疑问句叫做普通疑问来回答的疑问句叫做普通疑问句。句。方式：方式：be+ 主语主语+其他

3、？其他？ 情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他？其他？ 助动词助动词+主语主语+动词原形动词原形过去分词过去分词+其他？其他？ 如：如：Are you tired? Yes, I am. -Must I finish the work today? -Yes, you must. Have you been to Beijing?专题十三简单句专题十三简单句2特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句： 以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。如：句子叫特殊疑问句。如：常见的特殊疑问词有：常见的特殊疑问词有：who, which, what, when,

4、 where, why how manyhow much, how often, how long, how soon, how far 如：如：What do you like best? When did you go to Beijing last time? How often do you exercise? 3选择疑问句：指提出两个或两个以上能够的答案供对选择疑问句：指提出两个或两个以上能够的答案供对方选择。如：方选择。如：Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我们回家还是我们回家还是待在这里过夜？待在这里过夜？专题十三简单句专题

5、十三简单句4反意疑问句：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，由两部分组成，前一部分是对事物的陈说(即陈说句)，后一部分是简短的提问(即简短疑问句)，中间用逗号隔开。要遵照“前否后肯、“前肯后否的原那么，且两部分的人称和时态要一致。常见的反意疑问句的构成情况如下：(1)陈说部分为Let us时，问句部分习惯上用“will you？； 陈说部分为Lets时，问句部分习惯上用“shall we？如：Let us go to the cinema, will you?Lets go to the cinema, shall we? (2)陈说部分为“There (Here) be 主语时，问句部分用“动词the

6、re (here)？方式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? (3)反意疑问句的陈说部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否认意义的词时，问句部分用一定式。如：She seldom goes swimming, does she?专题十三简单句专题十三简单句(4)陈说部分的主语为指物的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用it。如：Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? (5)陈说部分的主语为指人的不定代词时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时

7、问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：Someone is knocking at the door, isnt he? (6)反意疑问句的陈说部分为“I (We) dont think (believe, suppose, consider) that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句坚持一致且用一定式。如： I dont think that he has finished the work on time, has he?(7)反意疑问句的陈说部分含有由un， im， in， dis等否认意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈说部分要视为一定含义，问句部分用否认方式。如：It is u

8、nfair, isnt it? (8)陈说部分为一定的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分可用will you/ wont you; 陈说部分为否认的祈使句时，反意疑问句部分只能用will you。 如：Dont make any noise, will you? 专题十三简单句专题十三简单句祈使句祈使句是表示恳求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。否认式祈使句是表示恳求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。否认式是直接在动词原形前加是直接在动词原形前加dont。常见的祈使句的根本句型如下：。常见的祈使句的根本句型如下：1(please)+动词原形其他。动词原形其他。 如：如： Please be careful.

9、2Let +宾语宾语+动词原形动词原形+其他。其他。 如：如： Lets have a picnic.3No+名词名词动名词动名词 如：如：NO PHOTOS! NO PARKING!留意：回答祈使句时要用未来时。留意：回答祈使句时要用未来时。如：如：-Please come here early tomorrow. -Yes, I will. -Dont be late again. -Sorry, I wont. 掌握掌握“祈使句祈使句+andor+结果状语构造。结果状语构造。如：如：Work harder, and you will get good grades. Hurry up,

10、or youll be late for class.专题十三简单句专题十三简单句感慨句感慨句普通用来表示说话时的喜悦、诧异等情感。英语感感慨句普通用来表示说话时的喜悦、诧异等情感。英语感慨句常用慨句常用what或或how引导，句末用感慨号。引导，句末用感慨号。1what引导的感慨句。引导的感慨句。(1)Whata/an描画词单数可数名词描画词单数可数名词(主语谓语主语谓语)！如：如：What a difficult question it is!(2)What描画词复数可数名词描画词复数可数名词/不可数名词不可数名词(主语主语谓语谓语)！如：！如：What useful informatio

11、n!专题十三简单句专题十三简单句2how引导的感慨句。引导的感慨句。(1)How描画词描画词/副词主语谓语！如：副词主语谓语！如：How kind they are!(2)How陈说句陈说句(主语谓语主语谓语)！如：！如：How time flies!3what引导的感慨句可以和引导的感慨句可以和how引导的感慨句互换。如：引导的感慨句互换。如： What a good girl! How good the girl is!专题十三简单句专题十三简单句专题十三简单句专题十三简单句易错易混点【易错点】感慨句 delicious the ice cream is! Could you give m

12、e one more? Sure. A.What B. How C. What a D. What an【易混点】how 词组辨析 will your father come back?In three weeks. A. How long B. How many C. how soon D. How often专题十三简单句专题十三简单句句子种类练习题句子种类练习题一、单项选择。一、单项选择。(A)1. _ weather! Its raining! Bad luck! We cant go climbing today. A. What badBHow bad CWhat fine DHo

13、w fine (B)2.Shes never spoken to a foreigner, _？ Yes. Shes active and can speak English freely. Ais she Bhas she Cisnt she Dhasnt she(A)3. _ get off the bus before it stops. ADont BDoesnt CDidnt DHadnt(D)4. -_sweater is this? -I think its Peters. A. Who B. What C. Which D. Whose (C )5. wonderful con

14、cert they are putting on in the city square! A.How B. What C. What a D. What an专题十三简单句专题十三简单句 (A )6. do you go shopping with your mother? I seldom do that. A. How often B. How soon C. How far D. How long( B )7.Please open the door. It is very cold outside. A. not B. dont C. doesnt D. no(C )8. intere

15、sting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer! A.What B. What an C. How D. How an( C )9.Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? _. A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes, both( B )10. _you _TV at the moment? No ,you can turn it off. A. Did, watch B. Are ,watching C. Do ,watch D. Have , watched专题十三简单句专题十三简单句二、连词成句2019年中考真题86. night, did, last, rain, it_Did it rain last night_? 87. your, what, is, shirt, size