模块5第3单元语法突破、综合练习、英语问答

1、模块 5第 3单元语法讲解过去分词的语法功能 (三 作各种状语山东 刘永科前面两个单元我们学习了过去分词 (短语 作定语、表语和宾语补足语。本单元我们主要 讲解过去分词作状语的用法。过去分词 (短语 作状语的用法与作定语、表语和宾补大不相同,因为它是修饰谓语动词 或者整个句子的,它说明谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状况等。 一、过去分词作时间状语Asked to recite the text, the boy stood up at once. 当被叫起来背诵课文的时候,这个男孩 立即站了起来。Seen from space, the Great Wall looks li

2、ke a huge dragon. 当从太空看的时候, 长城宛若一 条巨大的龙。过去分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。如:Seen from space, 可以转换 为 When it is seen from space, 二、过去分词作原因状语Inspired by what he said, we are determined to study harder. 在他的话的鼓舞下,我们决心 更加努力学习。Not satisfied with the result, we decided to make the experiment again. 因对结果不满意, 我 们决定再做这

3、个实验。过去分词短语作原因状语, 相当于一个原因状语从句。 如:Not satisfied with the result, 可以转换为 Because we were not satisfied with the result, 三、过去分词作条件状语Given more time, we are sure to do the work better. 假如多给点时间,我们一定能把工作 做得更好。Heated to one hundred degrees centigrade, water will boil. 如果加热到 100°C ,水就会沸 腾。过去分词短语作条件状语, 相当

4、于一个条件状语从句。 如:Heated to one hundred degrees centigrade, 可以转换为 If it is heated to one hundred degrees centigrade, 四、过去分词作让步状语Told many times, he hasnt remembered it. 尽管被多次告知,他还是未能记住这事。 过去分词短语作让步状语比较少见。 过去分词短语作让步状语, 相当于一个让步状语从 句。如:Told many times, .可以转换为 Though he has been told many tioms, .五、过去分词作方式或伴

5、随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语往往放在句末。例如:An old man entered the hall, supported by a girl. 一位老人在一女孩的搀扶下,走进大厅。 (方式 The teacher walked out of the classroom, followed by a group of students. 老师走出教室, 后面跟着一群学生。 (伴随 试比较:The teacher walked out of the classroom, following a group of students. 老师跟着 一群学生走出了教室。过去分词短语作方式或伴随状语,

6、 可以转换成一个并列句。 但就意思来讲, 并列句表达 不出过去分词所表达的那种含义。如:The teacher walked out of the classroom, followed by a group of students.可以转换为 The teacher walked out of the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.【注意】 有时,为了突出和明确各种状语的含义,可以在过去分词短语之前可以加上 相关的从属连词,如:when, once, if, unless, even if, though等。例如:

7、When completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.Once heated, the amber can be made into any shape.Unless invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.Even if invited to the party, I wouldnt go.过去分词配套练习山东 刘永科一、分词变从句:, the students are determined to study even harder.8.

8、 Mixed with water, Sugar dissolves quickly.9. Faced with a difficult situation, the worker decided to ask his boss for advice.10. Confused by his words, she was at a loss what to do.答案:1. Because she was praised for her excellent job, 2. If he is given more time, 3. When she was compared with many o

9、ther students, 4. If it is covered with a bottle, 5. Though he was asked to stop, 6. Because they were filled with excitement, 7. As they are deeply moved by the hero s speech, 8. If it is mixed with water, 9. Because he was faced with a difficult situation, 10. As she was confused by his words,二、从句

10、变分词:1. When they were first introfuced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.2. When he was qusetioned by his teacher why he was late, Tom had to tell a lie.two days on the farm.答案:二、单项填空:1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boring B. tiring; boredC. tired

11、; bored D. tiring; boring2. On getting to the kindergarten, the mother was glad to see her baby well _.A. looked for B. cared for C. take care of D. cared about3. Lets have a rest. The _ work made me very _.A. tired; tired B. tiring; tiring C. tired; tiring D. tiring; tired4. Everyone was _ by the_

12、progress he made during the two months.A. surprised; surprise B. surprised; surprisedC. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprising5. The film you saw last light was made _ on a true story that happened many years ago. A. base B. to be based C. based D. basing6. She returned home from the market

13、 only to find the door open and a number of things _. A. stole B. stolen C. missed D. losing7. _ in the forest, he had to ask for help by sending out signals.A. Having lost B. Losing C. Lost D. He was lost8. The Golden Gate Bridge, _ several hundred years ago, is world-famous.A. which is built B. wh

14、ich built C. having built D. built9. _ at failing in the maths exam, John wouldnt like to let his parents know it.A. Disappointed B. To be disappointedC. Disappointing D. Having disappointed10. _ in the dark cave, he was not afraid of being found by _ enemy soldiers. A. Hidden; armed B. Hide; armedC

15、. Hidden; arm D. Hiding; armed11. To have the wonderful cloth _ new clothes, they had the machine _ all day long.A. made of; running B. made out of; runC. made into; running D. made from; run12. If _ in wet sand, the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time.A. being buried B. buried C. bury D. bu

16、rying13. _ from the moon, our earth, with water _ seventy percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”.A. Seen; covered B. seeing; coveringC. Seen; covering D. To see; to cover14. From the date_ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. markedC. to be ma

17、rked D. having been marked15. Hearing the good news, I felt a heavy load _ my mind.A. taking off B. to be taken off C. having taken off D. taken off16. The noise of the machines _ can be clearly heard in our classroom.A. fixed B. being fixed C. to be fixed D. having been fixed17. After a few rounds

18、of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute _.A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled18. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benc hes, chairs, or boxes.A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. seat19. _ in this way, the situation does

19、nt seem so _.A. To look at; disappointing B. Looking at; disappointedC. Looked at; disappointing D. To be looked at; disappointed20. The shy girl never speaks first unless _.A. speaking B. spoken C. speaking to D. spoken to英语问题解答【问】 老师,我们经常碰到一些句子,是考查 how 和 what 差别的,不少同学对此都迷惑不 解。下面几个题目到底是填 how 还是 wha

20、t, 我们一直拿不准。请给我们讲解一下好吗?1. She often thinks of _ she can do more for her classmates.2. _ do you think of the film last night?3. I wonder _ to do next.4. I wonder _ to do it next.5. _ will you do with the broken bicycle?6. _ will you deal with the broken bicycle?7. _ a clever boy Tom is!8. _ clever a b

21、oy Tom is!9. _ deep is this river?10. _ is the depth of this river?(山东省潍坊第七中学 高二 21班 田琳 【答】 你提出的问题很好,例题也很有代表性。下面针对你的例题逐一讲解:1. 第 1句填 how, 是因为 do 后有了宾语 more, 句子意思是:她经常考虑如何为同学做更多 的事情。如果没有宾语 more 的话,就填 what 了。第 2句填 what, 是因为这个 think 是及物动词,需要有宾语。句子意思是:对于昨晚的 电影你的看法是什么 ? (也可译为:你认为昨晚的电影怎么样 ? How是表示方式“怎样,如 何

22、”的,不可作宾语。2. 第 3句填 what, 是因为 do 是及物动词, 必须有宾语。 句子意思是:我不知道下一步该做 什么。第 4句填 how, 是因为 do 有了宾语 it. 这时不能再有宾语了, 而需要一个表示方式的词。 所以填 how 了。句子意思是:我不知道下一步该如何做。3. 第 5句填 what, 是因为 do 是及物动词, 必须有宾语。 句子意思是:你打算怎样处理这辆 坏了的自行车?第 6句填 how, 是因为 deal 是不及物动词,不能有宾语。但需要要一个表示方式的词。 句子意思跟第 5句是一样的。do with 和 deal with ,这两个词组都有“处理”的意思,区别在于:前者中的 do 是及 物动词,其后必须有一宾语,在疑问句中用 what , what 即是它的宾语。后者中的 deal 是不 及物动词,不跟宾语,因此在疑问句中用 how 。4. 第 7句和第 8句都是感叹句。通常由 what, how 引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦等感情。 那么,什么时候用 wha