高中英语人教版选修八-unit3-导学案教师版

1、精选文档黄州西湖中学高二英语学科导学活页案Unit 3 Inventers and inventions课型一： 阅读课 (warming up, pre-reading, reading andcomprehending)课型二： 词汇课 (Discovering useful words and phrases)课型三： 语法课(Discovering useful structure)课型四；语言技能课(Using language)课型五：写作课(Reading and writing)课型六：测试课课型一：阅读课教 学内容 Warming up; Pre-reading; Readi

2、ng;Comprehending教学目标1 . 了解科学发现与创造发明的区别及发明产生的过程和专利认定的标准。2 .掌握本单元教学目的和要求中的词汇和短语的用法。3 .熟悉掌握过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。4 .进一步熟悉打电话用语和书信格式，并学会写求职信。短语：patent, courtyard,distinguish, monitor, release, claim,file, bear, dot, tap, reproduce , merciful, product, cube,年级：班级：cubic, caution, valid, convenient, expectat

3、ion, passive,merry, seize, criterion, ripe, string, glue, freezing, greengrocer, identification, directory, dial, file, ripe, dynamic, tap, wire, straw, current, helicopter, triangle, stable, associate, practical, court, extension, version, competencePeriod 1自主学习&合作探究Warming upTask 1.说说中国古代的四大发明是那些。

4、Gun powder （火 药） compass （指 南针）printing papermakingTask 2 .讨论 Warming up 问题，欣赏一些图片，说一说哪些是发现，哪些是发明，并总结出发现和发明的特点。Task 3.说一说你所知道的伟大发明以及这些发明对人类生活 的产生了哪些重大影响。Pre-readingTask 4.讨论Pre-reading 中的问题，了解发明家为了让其发明学生姓名： :一月日得到认可所必须通过的六个程序，并预测一下这几个程序的先后顺序。Task 5.预习课文，试着翻译下面的句子，可以小组讨论1. Here was a chance for me to

5、 distinguish myself by inventingsomething merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既 可以把蛇捉住，而又不会伤害它们。2. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products thatmight help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed tokill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的任何产

6、品能帮助我。但是，看来只有一种毒蛇的药粉。3. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is somejelly, which freezes then cooled, I put the bowl into the fridge andwaited for 24 hours.在碗的内壁和外壁都抹上果冻，这些果冻冷却后会冻结。我把这 个碗放进冰箱，冷冻了 24个小时。4 .The next morning I carried in my hand a small net usedfor catching fish.T

7、his was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. But monitored carefully, the snake s proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.第二天早晨我的手里拿了一个捕鱼用的小网。这是因为我预料蛇还全再咬人。但是经过仔细监视，证明这些蛇是制造不了麻烦 的，一切都按计划进行着。5 . Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize theopportunity to g

8、et recognition for my successful idea by sendingmy invention to the patent office.由于朋友和亲戚的敦促，我决定把我这次的发明运到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。6 .The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas acceptedunless they are truly novel. (P21)(评定)专利标准非常严格，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受成果展不Task 6 展示自主学习&合作探究任务成果。Peri

9、od 2自主学习&合作探究ReadingTask 1. Fast-reading.找出文章主旨大意。1) The text tells the problems of and presents theprocedures of them and applying for a2)将课文分为四部分，找出每个部分的大意。Part I (Para1 )The requirement of getting apatent.Part II (Para2-3) snakes.Part III (Para 4-6) of thePart IV(Para7-8) approaches toThe attempt

10、s to catch theThe discovery of the problemsnake.The research on the完成下列表格solve the problem.ParagraphStagesExamples in this story1Find a problemThe snake must bebutnotDo researchLook for of removal;theof snakesTestthesolution severaltimesTry times to make itwork7Apply for aFill in the form and filedT

11、ask 2. Detailed readingpatentpatent application with thePaten OfficeTask 3完成课后练习一(P21 )成果展不1 .展示自主学习&合作探究任务成果。2 .教师总结并评价。检测反馈Period 3-4课型二： 词汇课 (Discovering useful words and phrases)学习目标:学习并掌握本单元所学的词汇和短语。自主学习：1 .原句When I called up my mother in the countrysideon the telephone she was very upset. (P20

12、)我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。观察例句：? Your letter calls up those pleasant days when we workedtogether.点清every now and thcn= now and then 不 时 你的来信使我回想起往日我们一起工作的快乐日子。? The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults.制造商已经要求把某些有大毛病的汽车收回。? Success calls for hard work.要想成功，必须苦干。归纳总结：call upcall back c

13、all outcall in call atcall forcall on根据提示写出下面电话用语 call up = ring up= ring= call打电话 call back = ring back回 电话hang on/ hold on不挂断电话ring off挂断电话 answer the phone接电话即学即练：根据句意填入适当的介、副词 The government calls the youth to donate their blood voluntarily. He is ill; you should call the doctor right away. Plea

14、se tell him to call. My number is 5766490. I shall cal his home tomorrow, and could you go withme?2 . Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from thewalnut tree. (P20)蛇时不时地爬到房子附近，似乎是在房子附近离胡桃树不远的地 方安家了。观察例句：? Everyone needs a pat on the back now a

15、nd then.每个人都需要不时地得到鼓励。He went to see his grandmother every now and then.他时常去看他的祖母。思考：表示“时而，有时”的同义词或短语还有哪些?【思考提示】 sometimes ; from time to time ; every now andagain, at times, once in a while, occasionally归纳总结：now and then 偶尔； 有时即学即练：他时常提出一些奇怪的问题。He raises some strange questions now and then .我喜欢偶尔去看

16、电影。I d like to go to the cinema now and then .3 .原句 Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that wouldcatch snakes but not harm them. (P20)这次我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。1)distinguish观察例句：? Jim distinguished himself in the examinations, reachingthe

17、top place in all his subjects.吉姆考试成绩突出，所有的科目都名列前茅。? People who can t distinguish between colours are saidto be colour-blind.不能辨别颜色的人被称为色盲。What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？归纳总结：distinguish vi. & vt.显示的差别，使有所不同；辨别distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的distinguishable adj.

18、易分辨的，能区分的distinguish between.and. 区分/辨另1J和distinguish.from. 使有别于，使具有区别于的特征be distinguished for. 因而出名distinguish oneself (as.) (作为)表现突出distinguish by 以为特征即学即练：完成句子作为运动员她已经享有盛名。She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.(distinguish)孩子们几岁的时候才能明辨是非？At what age are children able to distinguish

19、between rightand wrong? (distinguish)是什么使得她有别于她的同班同学？What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?(distinguish)2) Merciful观察例句：? The merciful king saved the young officer from death.仁慈的国王把年轻的军官从死神手中救了出来。? They had little mercy on their enemy.他们对敌人决不留情。? They were lost at sea, at the mercy

20、of the wind andweather.他们在海上迷了路，任凭风和天气的摆布。归纳总结：merciful adj.mercy n.mercifully adj. mercilessly adv.show no mercy tohave mercy onat the mercy of即学即练：用mercy的不同形式填空The merciless king showed no mercy and decided to kill allthe prisoners; at last the merciful queen saved them.4 .原句I set about researchin

21、g the habits of snakes tofind the easiest way to trap them. (P20)于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最简单的方法来捕蛇。观察例句：? We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻兴致勃勃地开始我们的任务。? Setting the chair aside, he sat on the floor.他把椅子搁到一旁，坐在地板上。思考：set about 和set out表示开始做”时在形式上有什么不同？不同点主要体现在其后所接的非谓语形式上，即：set about

22、 doing sth.set out to do sth.归纳总结：set aboutset outset offset back set downset aside即学即练：完成句子她每周都省出一点钱以备将来之需。She set aside a little money each week for future use.(set)如果你想赶上火车，你最好立刻动身去火车站。If you want to catch that train you d better set off for the train station immediately. (set)5 .【原句】 They abrupt

23、ly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. (P20)它们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里了。观察例句：? The school is at convenient distance from my home.学校在我家附近。? The place is convenient for bathing.这地方适合游泳。? Come by to pick me up at your convenience.在你方便的时候来接我。?在你方便的时候请来看我们。误 Please come to see us when you are convenie

24、nt.正 Please come to see us when it is convenient foryou.归纳总结：Convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n. 方便，便利；适宜；省事It is convenient for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说是方便的be convenient to.到达某处很方便at one s convenience在方便的时候；在适宜的地方at your earliest convenience 尽早for convenience 为了方便即学即练：完成句子如果你方便的话我想去拜访你。I would li

25、ke to visit you if it is convenient for you .(convenient)互联网让我们间的联系便利了。Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch witheach other. (convenient)6 .【原句】 This was in the expectation that the snakeswould bite again. (P21)这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。观察例句：? He took an umbrella with him in expectation of rain.他预

26、料天会下雨，带了一把伞。? The plan has succeeded beyond our expectation.这项计划竟出乎我们意料地获得了成功。归纳总结：expectation n. 预料；期待；期望come/ live up to one s expectationbeyond expectationin expectation of即学即练：完成句子他的表演辜负了我们的期望。His performance didn t live up to our expectations .(expectation)我一向喜欢他的电影，但最新的一部没有我料想的那么好。I usually en

27、joy his movies , but the latest one didn t comeup to my expectations . (expectation)难句解析：7 . The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me , but there only seemed tobe powders designed to kill snakes. (P20)我所做的第一件事就是看有没有什么产品能帮助我，但是，看来只有一种毒死蛇 的药粉。点拨：(1)句中but连接两个并列分句，现

28、对其结构分析如下:省略 t llcri I的 定诸/X句第 一 分句 ihc fir, ihjng (I did) 主语if引导的宾语从电*其中含有that引导的定语从南一 was tn sco (if ihert?. civillirlp mt：)系表骷构盘耳是不息久短二第二分句；过去分词越语作后苴定语*修饰powticr*ist cJiUtl lo be pc.wtk?rs (kill snakes)there be句型的受体(2) there seemed to be 是there be 句型的变体，表示“似乎有。there be句型中的be有时还可以换成其他表示“有,存在”的词，如 l

29、ive , stand , lie , remain 等。即学即练：一句多译由于没有牛奶了，所以他去超市买一些。 As there was no milk, he went to the supermarket to buysome.(主从复合句) There being no milk, he went to the supermarket to buysome.(独立主格结构)8.Only after you have had that recognition can you saythat you are truly an inventor. (P21)只有得到那种认可，才可以说自己是一

30、个真正的发明家。点拨：only +状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时， 句子需部分倒装。? Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work.只有战争结束了，他才能回去工作。? Only you are responsible for what you will become the future.in只有你对你自己的未来负责。即学即练：只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。Only in this way can you learn English well .Period 5课型三： 语法课 (Discovering us

31、eful structure)教学内容复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语教学逐逮/ nninzc . rmharrass * intercsl . exrtTc Tdisappoint encourage f move* surprijse, astonish掌握社去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语。shock satisfy. wnrry * rcmfusc amiisc v tire 等，这生谷和&:久乍扬等去分词实际上已经成了形容词它Task-1中找出划级部分在句中所做的成分。11The first-thing-Idid-was-tosee if there were anyproduct

32、s that might help me, but there only seemedto be powders designed to kill snakes.2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat? A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。? This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这本小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。? The suggestion （which had been） sent to the committeewas ad

33、opted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。归纳总结：单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。、过去分词作表语I am pleased with the result of the experiment.我对试验结果很满意。我们认为球赛输了。She felt a great weight taken off her mind.她觉得心里轻松了些。1)归纳总结：see, hear, watch, feel, find, observe, notice, look at, listento表示感

34、觉和心理状态的动词；I have my hair cut once a month.我每个月理一次发。He was trying to make himself understood.他正努力使别人听懂自己。“have +宾语+ done”结构有三个含义：（请人）把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她请人把屋子修好了。Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发 ？遭遇某种意外情况。He had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。She had her walle

35、t stolen yesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。 完成某事（自己也可能参与）。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已存了 1000元。3 . The next morningIcarried in my hand a-small net出邂建口 catching fish.作 塞 谙 时.也调 主 语 所处 的 状4 .老黑 an yhZS然rrfied people diedi承受6 .涸 Everyon

36、e present was very inspired at his speech.7 .I You seem frightened杯守暇.了 强 湿 杯 子 的依恋)8 .hWe -found everything 即qundchanged.于是尚姆打陂的.9r子 The readers wished the serial story continued.Task 2 观察下列例句，归纳过去分词用法。 一、过去分词作定语? The question discussed yesterday was very important.昨天讨论的问题很重要。? fallen leaves 落叶? fa

37、ded flowers凋谢的花1）过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义归纳总结：及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已完成；不 及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完成。2）位置归纳总结：过去分词作表语，通常表示主语所处的状态，这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有 ：seated,surprised, astonished, amazed, moved, exhausted, worried, devoted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, delighted, s

38、atisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed等。三、过去分词作宾语补足语1. I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车。The girl was found beaten black and blue.人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。? When we got to school , we saw the door locked.当我们到学校时，我们看到门被锁上了。? They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。归纳总结：

39、作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，通常和宾语有逻辑动宾关系。观察以下几组例句，总结出过去分词做宾语补足语的四个结构:We thought the game lost.2）归纳总结：动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold 等。He won t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。The students wish the TV serial plays continued.学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。3）归纳总结：动词-e

40、d形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括 like, want, wish, expect, order 等”这一类动词 的后面作宾语补足语。With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。With fallen leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer

41、.随着落叶每年被埋在土里，土壤变得越来越肥沃。4）归纳总结：过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语可编辑之间是动宾关系。四、现在分词与过去分词的区别? I know the man standing there. 我认识站在那儿的那个人。? Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动 吗？Period 7-8课型四；语言技能课（Using language）教学内容 Listening and speaking & Reading,教学目标了解电话发明者贝尔的发明及其成功的原因。也嚼励S合作探究.bear 表示“忍受”的

42、最普通用词-ask1 讨论：endure 指对重大灾祸和国难的长时间”忍受，Wht |Hgreat J., inventors，do.-yo电 know? What areheirgreat inventions?Task 2. Get the main idea of the text.The text mainly tells us some information about Bell and his inventionsDaleInformationIn 1X47I Tc was young11 years oldIn 1S7675 ycurs oldTask 3. Get some

43、general information of Bell.Task 4.完成课后练习 P26.自主学习&合作探究Language points :1. 【原句】I cannot bear the smell of sausage burnt onthe barbecue. (P24)我忍受不了烤肉架上烤香肠的味道。观察例句：_ We will bear all the expenses.我们将承担所有的费用。? She was unable to bear. 她忍受不了啦。? He can t bear being laughed at. 他不能容忍被嘲笑。? You must bear in

44、mind what your parents have told you.你要记住你的父母告诉你的。? Who will bear the responsibility?谁将承担责任？? You must be ready to endure hardships and even death.你必须准备忍受艰苦，甚至死亡。归纳思结:现在分词过去分间beag垂(bore，呼踊常裳程.忍苣拼，耐呼；进行;二n./to do.忍受2）使役M i讨S勺i 11及式蠹幅sth物髭为轨 性质和特征；他a常表小“被动” 或，完成，2 1使役动词的Yd形 事式表示人所处的状AaQbear doing/ibea

45、r sb./sb. 宾补bear sb./sth.out 证头；为作证bear with sb./sth.bear sth.in mind耐心对待；容忍牢记bear the responsibility/ blame 承受责任 / 受责备即学即练：翻译下列各句中动词 bear的汉语意思 I cannot bear his speaking to me in that rude manner.(忍受，容忍）H He was born with a good memory.(出生)DThe trees have borne rich fruit.（结果实）We set off at dawnso

46、that we couldget to the coastset offore lunch timeThe 1dtemonstra She has already borne several children.（生育） His shoulders can bear a heavy load.（负担）2 .【原句】 Leave the beaten track occasionally and diveinto the woods. （ P25）偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。观察例句：? Diving into her bag, she found a handkerchief just in tim

47、e.她迅速地在她的提包里翻了一下，正好找到了一块手帕。? Jim dived into the argument as usual without thinking.吉姆同往常一样不加思考便加入了这场争论。? The men are diving for pearls.这些人正在潜水采集珍珠。? When the shots sounded in the street, he made a divefor the nearest doorway.街上响起枪声时，他一头钻进最近的门口里。归纳总结：divedive into向某方向冲去或奔去；跳入（头朝下）；一心投入dive for go div

48、ingmake a dive for sthtake a dive into（the subject ）即学即练：根据句意用dive的正确搭配填空Professor Smith is taking a dive into a new project.（ diven.）史密斯教授正在潜心钻研一个新的项目。 The main purpose of his holiday to Greece is to godiving （dive v.）他到希腊度假的主要目的就是去潜水。 The swimmer dived into the river to save the drowningchild. （di

49、ve v.）这位游泳者跳入河里去营救那个溺水的小孩。3 .原句 Bell never set out to invent the telephone andwhat he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph.（P25）贝尔并非一开始就要发明电话，他本来想设计的东西是多路电报。观察例句：? The government has set out to make many neededreforms.政府开始进行许多必要的改革。归纳总结：set out to do sth.开始做某事；着手进行（计划）set off set aboutset u

50、p set inset aside思考：并写出下列划线短语的意义“出发.他重于上某个地方.（出发，动身）i出发开始”制宣于开始做某事.还有规The novelas set in pre-war London. ,尼加不（以为背景）tors-setfiretothe mayor-白山意。ho 后卷 u* -in需形式订 He set aside his work and came to help his friend out.把置于一边） We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.开始着手做） They set out for Bri

51、tain to travel yesterday.（出发） They set up a factory for making television sets.（开办，建立，创立）即学即练：根据句意填入适当的介词或副词他问我他该如何着手学习德语。He asked me how he should set about learning theGerman language.咱们把个人感情放在一边。Let s set aside our personal feelings.第二天一早，他就动身步行去长沙。Early the next morning he set out/off on foot fo

52、rChangsha.政府已成立了一个委员会来调查捕鱼业。The government has set up a committee to examine thefishing industry.4 .Although he is most often associated with the归纳总结：searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality他不让他的儿子与那个坏小子交往。of everybody s life. ( P26 )invention of the telephone, he was indeed a conti

53、nuing虽然经常把他与电话的发明联系在一起，但是他实际上是一位为改善人民的生活质量而不断寻求切实有效方法的探索者。观察例句：? We associated with all sorts of people.我们与各种各样的人打交道。? I often associate summer with holidays.我常把夏日与假日联系起来。? In association with his friends, he runs a big business.与朋友联合，他经营着一笔大生意。归纳总结：associate vt. 联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴associated adj. 有关联的，相关的

54、association n.联合；联想；交往；协会，团体 associate A with B 把A和B联系在一起；由 A联想到Bbe associated with. 和有关associate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道in association with. 与合伙/ 合作He won t have his son associate with that bad guy. (associate)一闻到花香我就联想到我的童年。I always associate the smell of those flowers with my childhood. (associate )5 .【原句】Hang on, please. 请稍等。(P26)观察例句：? I m sorry the line is busy, would you like to hang on?彳艮遗憾电话占线，请稍等一下好吗？? Will you hang on a minute? I m not quite ready.等一下好吗？我还没准备妥当呢。? It s har