中考英语句型转换名师讲解

1、初中英语句型转换名师讲解一、题型分析句型转换是目前英语中考的一个常见题型,主要考查学生对不同句子结构(语法的语言运用能力。句子结构和词汇同样是英语学习的基础。英语和汉语属两种不同的语言。句子结构自然有很大的不同。不同句子的结构掌握的越多,英语语言运用的能力就越强。如果你不能用不同的句子结构表达同一意思,你才能有运用自如的感觉。所以要学好英语。必须熟练掌握各类英语句子的基本结构和句型。同时,更多地掌握英语的句法还能提高阅读,写话,以至于听力等能力。英语中考考查句子结构题型是“按要求改写句子”。学生只要掌握英语句子的基本结构和单词拼写,该大题得满分并不难的。二、解题技巧1、掌握英语的基本句子形式,

2、如陈述句,各种形式的否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,反意疑问句,感叹句。主动语态和被动语态结构等。请看下面的例句和分析。1.He has lunch at school. (改为否定句He lunch at school.本句动词have 不表示“有”而是表示动作,应用doesnt have,不能用has not.2.The T-shirt cost five dollars.(改为一般疑问句the T-shirt five dollars?该句的cost 是过去式,不需要加s。本句应用Did, cost.英语有几个动词过去式和现在式同一形式,set,cut,put,let,fit,read,

3、spread等,要看清楚再做。3.The photo near the door is the best.(就划线部分提问is the best?本句用Which photo,因为near the door 用作定语修饰名词photo,别认为near the door 是地点而用错where。4.We have studied in this school for four years,(改为特殊疑问句have you studied in this school?本句虽没有划线部分,但根据句子其他部分意思,可以看出是对for four years 进行提问,肯定用How long.5. Le

4、ts go to the exhibition this afternoon.(改为反义疑问句Lets go to the exhibit ion this afternoon,?6.He could hardly see the words on the blackboard. (改为反义疑问句He could hardly see the words on the blackboard, ?祈使句的反义疑问句,仅Lets句型用shall we,其他都用will you. 而一般疑问句改反义疑问句应注意,若句子的主要部分用肯定,附加部分用否定,反之则相反。第六句应用could he.2、要熟

5、悉“保持句意”的改写,如简单句和复合句的转换,两句并一句,形容词,副词比较等句型,不用句型的转换,词语的不同搭配。请看下面的例句和分析:1.It was eleven oclock when he finished his homework last night.He finish his homework it was eleven oclock.本句是改为not until 句型,用didnt, until.2.He is the tallest in his class.No one in his class is as as he.本句是最高级句型改为原等级句型,用else, tall

6、.3.He didnt make as many mistakes in his homework as you.He mistakes in his homework you.本句是as(soas 句型改为用带than的句型,用made fewerthan. Mistakes 是可数名词,别误用修饰不可数名词的less。4.These stamps belong to my elder brother.These stamps are elder .原句中的belong to 改为are ,动词转换,用法不同,应用brothers.5.The box is so heavy that I c

7、ant carry it.The box isnt for me to carry.本句是复合句改为简单句,且否定结构的位置有变化,需要用heavy的反义词,故用light enough,误用成tooto结构。6.The question is very difficult. No one can answer it.The question is difficult answer.本句为两句合并成一句,原句有否定意义,应用toofor anyone to,别误用成so that anybody can. 如answer后it,才可用sothat结构,因tooto结构句子是简单句,而so.th

8、at是复合句。英语中考改写句子题目中,一般每句填写两个词,很少有上面一些例句中填写一个或三个词的题目。三、考点解析:1. 肯定句变否定句和否定句:常考的考点:have 、do句型2. 反义疑问句:常考的考点:带有否定副词的句子。3. 主动句变被动语态常考的考点:一般现在时、一般过去时、以及含有情态动词的被动语态4. 同义句转换常考的考点:这里对于学生是难点,主要考考纲的近义短语、常考的初中句型,本次的讲解重点。5. 对划线部分提问常考的考点:how long/soon/ far, how much/ many的区别和联系。6. 肯定句改成改为感叹句常考的考点:近年来考的比较少了,how/wha

9、t 的修饰用法。7. 两句子合并为一句,复句变为简单句常考的考点:结构状语从句,宾语从句的使用。注意改写句子的细节问题。四、初中英语同义词初中同义词1. glad=happy=pleased (高兴的 difficult=hard=not easy (困难的2. of course=sure=certainly (当然 give a talk=make a speech(作一次演讲3. given name =first/middle name(名字 How about=What about (什么怎样4. hold=have (举行、进行fast=quick (快的5. still=all

10、the same(仍然come on=be quick=hurry up(赶快6. drop=throw(扔drop=land(使落下 drop=give up(放弃7. rather= quite (相当 right now=now(现在8. right now=just now(刚刚 right away=at once (立刻、马上9. except=but(除。之外10. prefer A to B =like A more /better than B (相对B来说,更喜欢A11. Hands up=put up ones hands=lift ones hands (举手12. r

11、eturn=go back(回去return=come back=get back (回来return=give back(归还13. past=through(过、通过14. help sb with sth=help sb(to do sth (帮助某人做某事15. while=when(当。16. several=a few=some (数个、若干 anywhere=in any place(任何地方17. everywhere=here and there(到处 arrive(inat=reach=get(to(到达18. no hurry=take your time(不急、慢慢来

12、order=turn(顺序19. over=more than(超过、多于shop=store(商店20. rush=run very quickly(冲、奔跑 shop=workshop(车间21. center=middle(中心 join=be in=Take part in(参加22. take a look= have a look(看一看 as soon as possible=as soon as sb can(尽快23. hate=dislike(不喜欢、讨厌24. learn sth by oneself=teach oneself sth(自学。25. fail=not p

13、ass(不及格、失败26. give sb a call=give sb a ring=call sb=ring sb up =telephone sb(打电话给某人27. look after=take care of(照顾28. fly to=go to by air=go toby plane(乘飞机去。29. in a minute=in a moment=very soon(一会儿、马上30. almost=nearly(几乎31. just then=just at that time(正在那时32. no one=none(没有一人33. hear from=receive a

14、letter fromget a letter from=have a letter from。(收到。的来信34. also(用于句中=too(肯定句末=either(否定句末35. plant=grow(种植36. expensive=dear=not cheap(昂贵的37. so far=up to now(直到现在38. billion=a thousand million(十亿39. century=a hundred years(世纪、百年40. a bit of+unc.=a little+unc. A bit+adj=a little+adj41. call=name(命名、

15、名叫42. maybe=perhaps(也许、可能用于句首43. never mind=It doesnt matter=Its not important(不要紧、没关系44. retell= tell again(复述、重讲45. common=usual(普通的、平常的 match=game46. famous=well known著名的 hear of=know=learn about听说47. fine=sunny晴朗的 no+n.=not any+n.48. have classes=have lessons49. have a good time=have a very nice

16、 time=enjoy oneself玩得开心50. do ones best=try ones best尽某人的努力start=begin51. do well in=be good at在。做得好 not forget=remember52. catch a bus=take a bus赶公共汽车 hope=wish53. last night=yesterday evening table=form表格54. do sport=take exercise运动 photo=picture55. tonight =this evening look around=look round四处看看

17、56. at last=in the end=finally最后、最终57. have to =must large=big58. nobody=no one没有人 somebody=someone有人、某人59. anybody=anyone任何人everyone=everybody每个人60. I think=Im afraid 恐怕。61. No.1=number one62. thats all right=thats ok=You are welcome=not at all不必谢63. walk to.=go toon foot步行到。64. ride to.=go toby bi

18、ke骑自行车到。65. America=the USA66. be from=come from67. be over=end 结束69. whats wrong=whats the trouble=whats the matter?怎么了70. just a moment=just a minute=wait a minute等一会71. take a look at=have a look at=look at看一看72. take a rest=have a rest休息一下73. the other day=a few days ago几天前74. ever=at any time75

19、. stop sb(fromdoing sth.=prevent/keep sb from doing sth. 阻止某人干谋事76. on both sides=on each side=on either side在每一旁77. in three days time=in three days在三天内78. short for=a short way of saying。简称为。79. beside=next to=near to在。旁边80. can=be able to能够81. what do you mean by this words=what does the world me

20、an=Whats the meaning of this words?这个单词是什么意思?How do you like?=What do you think of?你认为/觉得。怎么样五、近年来中考句型转换归类:A. 改成反义疑问句1.They could hardly believe the news.(96They could hardly believe the news, ?2.Mary bought some shampoo in the supermarket.(97Mary bought some shampoo in the supermarket. ?3.Tom didnt

21、 take part in the after-school activity yesterday,.(06Tom didnt take part in the after-school activity yesterday, ?B. 改成一般疑问句1.I enjoy individual sports.(95_you _ individual sports?2.We do eye exercise every day. (97_ you eye exercise every day?3.Every Monday morning Mr. Johnson has a meeting.(99_ M

22、r. Johnson _ a meeting every Monday morning?4.He set the alarm clock for seven. (01_he the alarm clock for seven?5.Alan often does housework after school.(07_ Alan often housework after school?C. 改成否定句:1. The captain worked at the South Pole last year.(95The captain _ _ at the South Pole last year.2

23、. Alice attends the lecture once a week.(96Alice _ _the lecture once a week.3. Peter collected some old coins two years ago.(98Peter _ collect _ old coins two years ago.4. Youd better go to see him off at the railway station.(00Youd better _ _ to see him off at the railway station.5. The old man rea

24、lized that too much salt was harmful to health. (05The old man _ _ that too much salt was harmful to health.6. Sam wants to look for a job in London after he graduates from university. (06Sam _ _ to look for a job in London after he graduates from university.7. Tell Harry the news when you see him,

25、please.(08_ _ Harry the news when you see him, please.D. 改为感叹句。1. Your dormitory is very bright.(02_ _ your dormitory is!2. Nanjing Road Walkway looks very beautiful at night!(03_ _ Nanjing Road Walkway looks at night!3. It is very convenient to travel by underground!(07_ _ it is to travel by underg

26、round!4. Yao Ming is an excellent Chinese basketball player.(08_ _ excellent Chinese basketball player Yao Ming is!E. 对划线部分提问。1. I was born in 1980.(95_ _ you born?2.The teacher had a meeting yesterday.(96_ _ the teachers have a meeting?3.The postage is three yuan and six jiao.(97_ _is the postage?4

27、.We had learned six pop songs by the end of last week.(98_ _ pop songs had you learned by the end of last week?5. He went to the hospital to have a check on eyesight.(99_ _ he go to the hospital?6. We have a class meeting once a week.(00_ _ do you have a class meeting?7. At the age of five, Martin w

28、eighed 25 kilos.(02_ _ did Martin weigh at the age of five?8. He lost the key to his bike on his way to the lecture.(03_ did he _ on his way to the lecture?9. The American spacecraft Galileo travelled and worked in space for 14 years.(04_ _did the American spacecraft Galileo travel and work in space

29、?10. London held the first World Expo in 1851. (05_ did London _ the first Word Expo?11. The students projects will be on show in three days. (06_ _ will t he students projects be on show ?12. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have already been to China twice.(07_ _ times have Mr. and Mrs. Brown been to China?13.

30、Mr Smith has taught in our school for three years.(08_ _ has Mr Smith taught in our school?F. 改为被动语态。1. They took the wounded soldier to the field hospital.(95The wounded soldier _ _ to the field hospital.2. We can store a lot of information in the computer.(96A lot of information _ _ stored in the

31、computer.3. Where did they grow vegetables?(00Where _ vegetables _?4. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分贝here. ( 02The noise must _ _ under 50 dbs here,5. We publish our school newspaper twice a month. (05Our school newspaper _ _ twice a month.6. The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of hou

32、ses in that area. (08 Thousands of houses in that area _ _ by the terrible earthquake.G. 改为简单句:1. I dont kn ow when we shall leave for Nanjing.(00I dont know when _ _ for Nanjing.2. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it. (01The water was_ dirty for us _drink.3. The poor child was so l

33、ucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (05 The poor child was _ _ to receive many books from Project Hope.4. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers ? (06Can you tell me _ _ water the flowers?H. 改为复合句:1. The words on the notice board are very small.I cant see them clearly.(97Th

34、e words on the notice board are_ small _ I cant see them clearly.I. 合并为一句。1. Tim doesnt collect coins. Jack doesnt collect coins, either.(95Neither Tim _ Jack _ coins.2. She is tall and thin. She has long hair. (01She is _ tall and thin girl _long hair.3. Betty likes taking a bus to work. She likes

35、taking an underground to work better.(05 Betty _ taking an underground _ taking a bus to work.4. Will Bob join the swimming club? Please tell me.(07Please tell me _ Bob _ join the swimming.J. 保持原句意思。1. The boy was too frightened to say a word.(95The boy was _ frightened _ he couldnt say a word.2. Mr

36、s. Smith prefers milk to coffee.(96Mrs. Smith likes milk _ _ coffee.3. The motorcycle is Mr. Clarks.(96The motorcycle _ _ Mr. Clark.4. How is the weather today?(97_ the weather _today?5. Our foreign teacher will go back home tomorrow. Well say goodbye to him at the airport.(98 Our foreign teacher wi

37、ll go back home tomorrow. Well _ him _at the airport.6. In some states of America, children must stay in school until they are sixteen.(98In some states of America, children _ _ school until they are sixteen.7. Aunt Li asked me to take care of her little son while she was out.(99I was asked to _ _ A

38、unt Lis little son wh ile she was out.8. Mrs. White told T om that he mustnt throw paper on the ground.(99Mrs. White told Tom _ _throw paper on the ground.9. Mary works very hard at shool. Her teacher often praises her.(99Mary is often praised _ her hard _.10. The dictionary cost me 20 yuan.(00I _ 2

39、0 yuan _ the dictionary.11. Nobody else in his class can speak English as fluently as he. (01He _ English _ fluently in his class.12. Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold. (01_you _put on your coat, you'll catch a cold.13. The recitation was kind of boring and I liked the cross talk bett

40、er. (02The recitation was _ _ boring and I preferred the cross talk.14. Sam's grandfather died 10 years ago. (02Sam's grandfather has been _ _ 10 years.15. It took the workers and engineers about two years to build the tunnel.(03The workers and engineers _ about two years _ the tunnel. 16. T

41、he b oy asked his mother, “does water freeze at 0C?”(03The boy asked his mother _ water _ at 0C.17. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?"(04Jack's mother asked him _ he _ packed his things.18. After a quick breakfast, Mary left in a hurry. (04After a quick breakfa

42、st, Mary _.19. Laura spent one week finishing reading the book Harry Potter.(06It _ Laura one week _ finish reading the book Harry Potter. 20. Mr. li is our teacher and friend as well.(07Mr. li is _ only our teacher _ also our friend.21. Junior 3 students began to learn chemistry a year ago. (08Juni

43、or 3 students _ learned chemistry _ a year.【基础题】1.Its good f or your health to do exercise often ._ exercise often can make you _ .2.This picture looks the same as that one ._ _ _ _ the two pictures .3.Tom is taller than any other student in his class .Tom is _ _ in his class .4.Ill go to bed after

44、I finish my homework .I _ go to bed _ I finish my homework .5.Cross the bridge , you will find the building ._ _ the bridge , youll fin d the building .6.My father went to Beijing last year . He is still there now .My father _ _ _ Beijing _ last year .7.Its a long time since we wet last .We _ _ each

45、 other for a long time since we wet last .8. He wrote the book in 2000.The book _ _ by _ in 2000.9.Lucy was born on March 5 , 1989 , so was Lily .Lucy is _ _ _ Lily .10.We can hardly decide what we shall do next ._ _ for us to decide what _ _ next .11.He doesnt like singing . He doesnt like dancing

46、, either .He likes _ singing _ dancing .12.The light in the room was so weak that the doctor wasnt able to operate .The doctor _ do the _ _ such bad light inside the room . 13.It was very hot last night . I could hardly sleep .It was _ hot last night _ I could hardly sleep .14.Bill Gates knows much

47、about computers .Bill Gates _ a lot of _ of computers .15.One day the librarian had an idea .One day the librarian _ _ _ an idea .16.We are so happy that we cant say a word .We are _ happy _ say _ .17.Have you ever been abroad ?Have you ever been to any _ _ ?18.The old man died two years ago .The ol

48、d man _ _ _ _ two years .19.Both Mary and Ann passed the exam ._ Mary nor Ann _ the exam .20.Chinese is less popular than English .Chinese isnt _ popular _ English .21.They spent two hours on the experiment .It _ _ two hours _ _ the experiment .22.Thats not an interesting film , I think .I _ think t

49、hat _ an interesting film .23. Mr. Smith was once an English teacher .Mr. Smith _ _ be an English teacher .24.How is the weather today ?_ the weather _ today ?25.He spent 500 yuan on the bicycle .The bicycle _ _ 500 yuan .26.Each of them has an apple .They _ an apple _ .27.We use knives to cut thing

50、s .Knives _ _ _ _ things .28.Li Lei jumped farthest in our class .In our class _ jumped so far _ Li Lei .29.He has lived here since he was born .He has lived here _ _ _ .30.When he was three , he could read and write ._ the _ of three , he could read and write .31.This coat is too big for me . That

51、coat is too small for me .The coats are _ too big _ too small for me .32.If you dont think hard , you wont find the answer ._ _ , _ you wont find the answer .33.Lucys parents are very proud of their daughter .Lucy is _ _ _ her parents .34.The film is the most interesting one that I have ever seen .I

52、 have _ seen _ an interesting film before .35.Bike is short for bicycle .Bike is another way _ _ bicycle .36.When I got there , I found he was lying on the ground .When I got there , I found _ _ on the ground .37.We have had no holiday for about one month .We havent had a _ _ for about one month .38.Its hard to stop smoking in a short time .Its hard to _ _ smoking in a short time .39.My brother joined the PLA a year ago .My brother _ _ a _ for a year .40.The factory has been open fo