情态动词和虚拟语气

1、优质资料欢迎下载语法精讲系列情态动词和虚拟语气一、真题训练1.(2012 重庆高考Sorry Sir, but itA. Can)you interrupt now? Can t you see I' m on the phone? 's urge nt.B. ShouldC. MustD. Would2.(2012 辽宁高考 school.)One of our rules is that every student.wear school uniform while atA. might3.(2012 四川高考)I got close eno ugh to hear the

2、m sp eak ing Chin ese, and I said “ Ni Hao ” , just as Ido in Chi na.B. couldC. shallD. willA. must4.(2012 江西高考 dinner.C. canD. should)WeB. might_ have bought so much food now that Suzie won ' t be with us forA. may not5. (2010 天津高考early.A.needn tB. needntC. can ' tD. must n t)Markhave hurri

3、ed. After drivi ng at top sp eed, he arrived half an hourB. wouldn tC. mustn tD. could n t6. (2011 ?浙江高考)一How ' s your new babysitter?Weask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. Should7.(2012?陕西高考)I from home.C. mustn ' tD. could n tB. mightthank you too much for all your help t

4、o my son while we were awayA. won t8. (2012 湖南高考 with you.A. have had9. (2012 安徽高考 there, she would n A. lives10. (2012 陕西高考 last summer.B. can tC. canD. willA. was)Sorry, I am too busy no w. If Itime, I would certa inly go for an outi ngB. had hadC. have)Grace doesn t want to move to New York becau

5、se she thinks if she t be able to see her parents very ofte n.B. would liveC. has lived)If my carB. had bee nD. hadD. were to livemore reliable, I would have drive n to Lhasa in stead of flyingC. should beD. would be11.(2012 福建高考 in terest yesterday. A. visited)We lost our way in that small village,

6、 otherwise wemore p laces ofB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited12.(2012 北京高考A. should face)WeC. could have faced13. (2011 全国卷I A. will14. (2010 湖北高考 meeti ng.A. was discussedthe difficulty together, but why did nB. might faceD. must have faced't you tell me?)Theyhave arrived at lun

7、 chtime but their flight was delayed.B. canC. mustD. should)Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attentionB. discussC. would be discussedat theD. be discussed15.(2011 北京高考)一Where are the children? The dinner' s going to be compietely ruined.I wish theyalways late.B.hadnt bee nA. weren

8、 ' tC. wouldn t beD. would nt have bee n、情态动词考点考点19大情态动词的基本用法考查指主更用法典句例示can/couldHe can pby (able Lcnnis quilc well赫毗上的可能也坏时阚能鈔Even an esperitnetd (Cticbcr t(in mi)kt? niisUikeSn打请求和允许血求mil沖常川旳血（tS can®Yo'U can have my scab Itn goin now.©Could you give me a hand?nifiy/tiiighi表示请求、允

9、许,iT可,niigbi比may删工无委®You may use my diciionfiry.©'lighH bfivc A look at your new computer?must拓*屯疾应iTWc jiiusL study hart! and niEikc progress every Jay,丧肩偏臥鯉"做尅If you must smoke, ilease go out.skill肝第-二人繃 M旬巾打 K对方MaShall 1 open (he donr?丿肝第二7人称曲述饥細说话人側方的命令涪 臥允诺或«；此卜肖«法律

10、说測也恥厨1®Yo'U shall gel ati <inswcr (roni me by lomorrow, Hc shall go first *wliciber he wams or nobThis law shll come miu Jfetl on May isishould打劝告和戟非蛾甥You, should hniTL Irom carh other.表示朗世外等斛劲r境烬1 can4 bear that he should 习潮k ill of meMi谢陶巾我示雅性稳小屜也不蹴全不可雄If rinyone should come,say ?m not

11、 al honi匕tt态动词主要用法典旬例示will j 财 u Id川于表7J7覚忠或意协1 血皿 told him 耶Mn and apfiin to 沆呻 smoking!，hui be will nol lislen.表示“请求;建阳=川呎ttwill委换、客亍些Woiilil you like bcme more Mee?；示习熾沁山可以表示现庄的习惯意为“总是i习熾 r表乐过左的习惯性动wuid!®Sk will sii hr hours reading in ihc ahernonn.©When he was you ns- be wiM Hsicn to m

12、幣k fiknc in his room.占示韦物的某种性质利倾向Wood willon (he water.need表示需要:必要J用于否览句、症冋旬和条件从旬巾Need we make the test?二Nt>, wi： niulnldare我示”玻;敢于"主要川于融问旬、否宦句和条件从旬中一 般用川于肯世旬【（kre冊y是习惯说法.总为”我想*大摄”Hew (brt you tak like thal?oil址11 10去示义备道X应肖J话气比血Md强表示不P分肯定1 或番的推測意为”应圧应该”1©Everyone ought (c obey the traf

13、fic rcguladons. He migM 10 he home hy now,考点23组易混情态动词用法比较考查指数惰蛊动词主要用济典旬酬示CElTlfcDuld)/can/couldcan只有现往式湘过去式multi表乐一#i能JiI flm sCfirving w death. 1 cn cat uw IkjwIs of rice.be able tobe abte lo有也多的形式 was/were abc lo表TpiiS过 骑丿、克The fire s)rcatl ihrough die hole! very quicky bul everyone mis able i( ge

14、i outna List/haveiniist侧堪朮示说话人时主观看法;只TT 一种形式We mii!il re>' on oursclveji.mhfivc 10丧示客观需暮冇不同的形武I have Io give ii up hcMuac of my ilbicm即would/xvuuld表ZP过去习惯性或勉夏性的动忙，没1与观 任対比的含文*不可川于无人称甸或存（F句Lasi year, our Eiifjlish icachtr would somciimcs id I stories after ciass.used toused w一去乐过去鮭常发年悯作或吞任的號芯强

15、 调今背对比.可用于无人称匂或#在旬He lold us he used (o 卩by JcjoibaJI when he 證rh ytxinjt.Jll 蚀ElMt t'llOOst ljUt 牌我只好乱You cannol be 锦n寸ul enough. 你讯细心也不为过，®Her appearsntc has changed so much dull you may welJ 】k)1 rtcdgnize her. 施的槌楼喪化K尢，保很可摊认4<a5t To®Y(u may us well d)it al once 你址好峙t就收这件濡"（

16、1）吐耳的一些常川圳逬搭配can no I hut Jo 5th, /cntinfll btilp buL do sih. /LAtiiiDl duiosc but do sib.衣示划'得 不.只好"cannol/cm never,. t；noygh/ioo 再十龜不为过特别提醒幻m叭的一些常卅固览搭配mny丄动诩惊膨意为”完全（很可ir切砒好*满可乩«不丽表示“禁Ik"不许收某爭"回备川Mcd提问的问句时与回髀用tnusi提问Mj问旬时一捧肯定回料川nuisa, 否定回答要川nm血1或have to考点35大表示推测的情态动词用法比较情感动词

17、适用句式请用时态« 义典旬例示must-般时、进行 时、完成时一鼠肯览CD You must he hungry nher ihc kmg walk, ©He must he flevpiiie in the dormitory.can(could)覽问句.否定句-般时、进H时、充成时可能礎够 She(；dn4 l>e reading in ike rmtliii胃 nKjni iinw, Can Guild this tc an cxcust br that?nifiyfmighl)一般时、进行 时淀成时也许+可能OHc niai ni be hFLppy,He m

18、ay be playing haskcibah or the iilaygrouiid.:JkiuIaKm讪I 10)-腔时确世或期得 FIc should around sixty years oltL f 确崔J 115 ntEirly 5evt u'Llock, Jack sIlDuhl bt here xl ihu moment.(期待)will (well Id)肯企句、否定旬.层何旬般时、进轩 时、完成时大槪 He v, hjve forpolkn me. I left him IS years apo. h uQuim be about icii when hu left

19、 hutiw*、虚拟语气考点1 状语从句中虚拟语气的用法考查指数1. 条件状语从句条件与现在事实相反， 从句谓语用一般过去式(be多用were)；主句谓语用 would/should/could/might +动词原形。例If I had time, I would go there.条件与过去事实相反， 从句谓语用过去完成时had+过去分词；主句谓语用 would/should/could/might + have+过去分词。例If you had come earlier, you couldn t/wouldn t have missed the bus.条件与将来事实相反，从句谓语用s

20、hould do/were to do/一般过去式(be多用were);主句谓语用 would/should/could/ might +动词原形。例If it should rain/were to rain tomorrow, the sp orts meet ing would be put off.2. 目的状语从句(1) so that/i n order that +从句：从句谓语用 can/could/may/might +动词原形。例 We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus.(2) for fear

21、that/i n case that + 从句：从句谓语用should +动词原形，意为"以防，万一”。例 We got up early for fear that we should miss the first bus.(3) lest +从句：从句谓语用should +动词原形，意为“以防万一”。例 We got up early lest that we should miss the first bus.3. 方式状语从句as if/as though + 从句：(1) 与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时； He talks as if he knew where she

22、was.(2) 与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时；He talks about Rome as if he had bee n there before.与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/could/might+动词原形。He opened his mouth as if he would say someth ing.【点津】：as if/as though连接的从句表示可能的事实时，不需用虚拟语气。例 She speaks English as if/though she were a native of New York.(虚拟语气)It sou nds as if it is ra

23、ining.(可能的事实)He talks as if he is drunk.(可能的事实)考点2名词性从句及定语从句中虚拟语气的用法考查指数1.主语从句中的虚拟语气It is desired/suggested/propo sed/necessary/i mportan t/stra nge/ natural/essential/a pity + that从句，从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。例It' s strange that she (should) make so much trouble.(1)表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义时，名词性从句用“(shoul

24、d +)动词原形”。 建议：动词 advise, suggest, propose, recommend; 命令： order, comma nd; 要求：动词 request, require, dema nd, ask, in sist。例It is suggested that I(should) exercise every day.【点津】suggest意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气;insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Tom insisted that he hadn t stolen the watch.His smile suggested

25、 that he had succeeded in this exam.2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时；例 How he wishes that he were a bird! 表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时；例 We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year. 表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/would +动词原形。例 We wish we would live on the moon one day.I wish (that) + 宾语从句(虚拟语气) woul

26、d rather/prefer + that从句(从句用虚拟语气) 表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时；例I would rather you were not here with me now. 表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时；例I would rather you hadn t done that. 表示愿望与“将来事实相反”，从句用一般过去时。例We' d rather you went here tomorrow.3表语从句和同位语从句中的两种虚拟语气(1)在 suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, reques

27、t, advice 等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“(should+)动词原形”。例 He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained. (2)as if/though引导的表语从句过去时7表现在；过去进行时7表现在进行过去完成时7表过去；could/might/would+动词原形7表将来例It looks as if he were 10 years youn ger today.It looks as if he hadn t had a meal for a week4. 定语从句

28、中的虚拟语气Its （about/high/very） time + that从句（从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去式或should do,should不能省略），意为“某人该做某事了” 。 It' s time that we should go/went home.考占V八、33种特殊的虚拟语气结构例类型要点归纳隗句例示在条件旬 中的省略如果虚拟条件旬中有wtre，should，had 个词t町将11眷昭把这三个词前置于主谄 之®+形戒部分倒装I in ynur position J would dti the sEimc, ©Hatt 昭t 曲d tint,

29、wc would liAVv dropped by” Should he ctime tomorrow I wnuEd give him the dittinOMy,错塢时M 虚拟旬半条件狀语从旬所表示的行为和±旬表示 的行为所发生的时间不致吋.这种虚拟茶 件41歉狗错绘时间虚拟旬.谕词的形式要 棍拥它所表示的时间作出ffl应的调鑒If you had taken tbt tlncinfswould he huittrnnw,®lf you k网 sliidifcd before-you Wfcmld he a college student now.条件旬有时假设的情况井

30、用以条件句表示出来而 是瞎含在上F丈中比如通过介诃（掘语 with*without.hut for 等来屋示ffiVha would you rfft “Hh a million dollars? Wt touldnt have finhhed the work in time uithiiut your help"模拟训练1.(2013)Try as youA. can't liste n to yeuorathe poten tial dan gers of smok ing.C. dareD. will,he wonB. may2.(2013) What is a le

31、ft-luggage office?It is a p lace where luggagebe left for a certa in p eriod of time, esp ecially at a bus or atrain statio n.A . canB. shouldC. mustD. will3. (2013) Stude ntsremain in their seats un til all the papers have bee n collected.A. mayB. shallC. need4. (2013) Have you checked the engine?Y

32、es, I did twice. Therebe anything wrong with the car.A. won ' tB. mustn ' tC. needn ' tD. canD. should n t5.(2013) What do you mea n, there are only ten tickets? ThereA. mustB. canC. willbe twelve.D. should6.(2013) He _ A. can ' t winthe first place aga in, in which case, his mother

33、will be more tha n happy. B. would have wonC. might winD. could have won7. (2013) I wonder why Tom is late agai n.Well , hehis train, or maybe overslept.A. might missB. may have missedC. should missD. must have missed8. (2013) At a con struct ion site in our city the workers have un covered an ancie

34、nt wall that to kee p the en emy out of the city, but it requires further evide nee.A. might have fun cti onedB. would have functionedC. must have fun cti onedD. should have functioned9. (2013)We apologize for any inconvenience you flight.A . mayhave bee n caused by the delay of theB. wouldC. mustD.

35、 needB. must have bee n cheated10. (2013) I have just received ano ther message, telli ng me I have won a big p rize. Don t jump on it. You A. should be cheatedD. must have cheatedC. are cheat ing11. Dad, iPhone 5 is coming to market. Would you pl ease buy me one?Your birthday is coming and youhave

36、one for your birthday.A. mustB. n eed12.(2013)SheA. canwell let out the secret ,B. may13.(2013) Mary looks hot and dry.Soyou if you had a high fever.B. areC. mayfor she looked very up set whe n see ing me.C. mustD. shallD. shallA. do14. If you hadnA. beC. will't taken such a long time to make up

37、, weB. areC. have bee nD. would there by'now.D. will beyou all about it now.C. have toldD. would have told15. If I had see n the movie, I A. would tellB. will tell16. I apo logize if Iyou, but I assure you it was uninten ti on al.A. offendB. had offen dedC. should have offen ded17. (2013) I didn

38、 ' t go to the art show, because I lost my ticket.Youhave borrowed min e. I did n' t go to see it any way.A. mightB. n eedC. couldD. must18. (2013)1 can t thank you too much for your kindness because without your help I _ won the first p rize in the sp eech con test.A. can r tB. shouldn '

39、; tC. might notD. couldn ' t19. (2013) “They didn ' t take measures in time, otherwise the explosionsSome expertssaid.A. wouldn r t happenB. didn ' t happenC. wouldn r t havappenedD. mustn ' t have happened20. (2013)Had the calculati ons bee n done by hand, all p ractical valueby the

40、 time they werefini shed.D. might have offen dedhaveA. had lostB. would lose21. If youJerry Brown un til recen tly, youA. shouldn' ttaotiB. didn ' t contactC. weren ' t tontactC. should have lostD. would have lost'd think the phghrtgwaphstranige.D. hadn ' t contacted22. Look at the terrible situati on I am in! If only Iyour advice.A. followB. would followC. had followed23. The board deemed it urge nt that