建立并完善机械设备管理机构实行统一规划的必要性

1、建立并完善机械设备管理机构实行统一规划的必要性建立并完善机械设备管理机构实行统一规划的必要性随着建筑工程市场竞争的日益激烈， 企业改革的进一步深化， 工 程机械在现代化建筑施工中的作用已尤为突出， 机械设备管理在施工 企业中也越来越受到重视。 但由于各方面因素的影响， 施工企业在机 械设备管理过程中仍面临着许多实际问题需要解决。As the construction market competition increasingly fierce, enterprise reform further deepening, engineering machinery, particularly pr

2、ominent role in the modernization construction has, mechanical equipment management in construction enterprises is becoming more and more attention. But becauseof the influence of the factors, the construction enterprise is still in the process of mechanical equipment management is faced with many p

3、ractical problems need to solve.一、当前机械设备管理中存在的问题及原因One, current problems and reasons existing in the management of mechanical equipment1、管理机构不健全，管理制度不完善1, management mechanism is not sound, management system is notp erfect一个施工企业要搞好机械设备管理工作， 一定要明确制定各级机构、人员的职责，这是机械设备管理工作顺利进行的组织保证。在施 工过程中，工程项目往往点多线长，设备

4、、人员调动频繁，而施工企 业却普遍存在着管理班子不全，人员力量薄弱等现象。因为他们错误 地认为，机械设备管理是施工现场的事，管理部门与基层单位只局限于个别业务上的联系，以致盲目地精简机构、压缩甚至取消设备管理机构及管理人员，或将其工作职能并入其他部门兼管。由此必然导致管理层与操作层之间上下脱节，出现谁也不管的局面,设备管理工作the mechanical很难实施。A con structi on en ter prise must do a good job of equipment man ageme nt, must be exp licitly set up age ncies at a

5、ll levels, personnel res pon sibilities, this is the mecha ni cal equipment man ageme nt orga ni zati on work well. I n con structi on p rocess, p roject ofte n points more lines long, equipment, personnel changes frequently, there is a widespread management team and the construction enterprise is n

6、ot compi ete, the phenomenon such as staff stre ngth is weak. Because they mistakeniy believe that machinery and equipment management is the bus in ess of the con structi on site, man ageme nt dep artme nts and grassroots un its confined to in dividual bus in ess con tacts, so that the bli nd to str

7、eamli ning, comp ressi on or eve n can cel equipment man ageme nt mecha nism and man ageme nt personn el, or the job fun cti ons are merged into other departments in charge. Which inevitably leads to the man ageme nt and the op eratio nal layer betwee n the top and bottom out, there who also no matt

8、er the situatio n, the equipment man ageme nt work was hard to imp leme nt.2、机械装备落后，设备盲目购置2, machi nery and equipment backward, and equipment pu rchase bli ndly随着建筑市场竞争的日益激烈，建设单位对施工企业的工程质 量、工程进度的要求也越来越高，市场竞争已演化为人才与设备的竞 争。与此同时，由于高新技术的高速发展，施工企业现有的机械设备大半处已显得过于陈旧，其机械设备整体技术状况已进入老化阶段, 于落后水平，造成企业在部分大型项目的投标

9、及施工组织上受到限 制，在一定程度上制约了企业的发展。As the construction market competition increasingly fierce, the con structi on un it of con structi on enterp rise's p roject quality, con structi on schedule requireme nts also more and more high, market comp etiti on has evolved into the tale nt comp etiti on with th

10、e device. At the same time, due to the rapid devel opment of high and new tech no logy, con structi on enterprises the existing machinery and equipment is too old, its mecha ni cal equipment the overall tech no logy has en tered the agi ng stage, lagg ing beh ind most of the level, caus ing large en

11、terp rises in the p roject bidding and construction organization is restricted, to some extent, restricted the devel opment of enterp rise.3、机械设备的使用与保养相互脱节3, mecha ni cal equipment use and maintenance of disjoi nted目前大多数施工企业虽然都实行定人定机制度，即每个操作人员 固定使用一台机械设备，但却忽略了定人保养制度，没有把机械设备 维修保养的各项规章制度明确落实到个人。正因为如此，

12、操作人员往 往只是“包用不包修”，电动吊篮维修人员也是马虎应付了事，每当 机械设备出现故障，操作人员与维修人员往往互相推卸责任。这样, 不但影响了产量、质量，也增加了维修费用、运转费用以及降低了设 备的使用寿命。Now though, most of the construction enterprise of personal setting mecha ni sm, n amely each op erator fixed using a mecha ni cal device, but it ignores the personal maintenance system, without

13、 the mechanicalequipment maintenance regulati ons sp ecific to in dividuals. Because of this, the op erator is ofte n just "syn thetic not for the guara nteed rep air, maintenance p ers onn elis also carelesscolla pses, whe n equipment fails, the op erator and maintenance personnel ofte n p ass

14、 the buck to each other.In this way, not only affects the yield and quality, in creases the maintenance cost, operation cost and reduces the service life of the equipment.4、设备维修“滞后”，浪费严重4 "lag", equipment maintenan ce, waste is serious施,视,理,以致造成人力、物力、财力不必要的浪费。由于目前大部分施工企业还未能有效地实行点检制度等保养措 设备

15、维修管理往往局限于“事后维修”，“预防维修”意识不够重 对设备的故障及劣化现象也就未能早期发觉、早期预防、早期修Because most construction companies also failed to effectively implement the tally system maintenance measures, such as equipment maintenance management are often confined to "maintenance", "p reve ntive maintenan ce" aware

16、ness is not eno ugh, to equipment failure and degradati on phenomenon is not found early, early p reve ntio n, early rep air, so as to cause unn ecessary waste of manpo wer, material and finan cial resources.二、施工企业搞好设备管理的对策Second, the con structi on en ter prise to improve the quality of equipment m

17、an ageme nt coun termeasures提高机械设备管理工作的方法要解决上述问题， 搞好施工企业工 程机械设备管理应抓住以下几个方面的工作。Improve mechanical equipment management methods to solve these pr oblems, do a good job in con structi on enterp rise engin eeri ng mach inery equipment man ageme nt should take the follow ing several asp ects.1、完善管理体制，健全规

18、章制度1, i mprove the man ageme nt system, p erfect rules and regulati ons建立并完善机械设备管理机构，实行统一规划，专人负责，进行 全面的综合管理。努力做到专业管理与群众管理相结合， 明确专管和 群管人员的职责与权限，充分发挥各级职能人员的积极性。Establish and p erfect the mecha ni cal equipment man ageme nt, un ified planning, personnel respon sible for, to con duct a compr ehe nsive i

19、n tegrated man ageme nt.Try to comb in ati on of sp ecialized man ageme nt and mass management, specific charge and the group of staff respon sibility and authority, give full p lay to the fun cti ons of p ers onnel atall levels of motivati on.贯彻执行定机、定人、定岗位责任的“三定”制度，让每台机械都有专人负责保管、检修、操作。由于“三定”制度是机械化施

20、工生产和设备管理工作的基础,其执行的好坏将直接影响到企业劳动生产率、施工安全、机械的完好率与使用率，因此在执行过程中除应配备 相应人员外，还需注意不要随意变动其工作岗位， 以免影响机械设备 性能的了解与掌握程度。To carry out machi ne, a person, "armed" system of p ost respon sibility, let each machine have the specialist is responsible for the warehousing, maintenance and op erati on. Because

21、"armed" system is the basis of the mecha ni cal con structi on p roducti on and equipment man ageme nt work, the execution of a good or bad will directly affect the enterprise labor productivity, construction safety, integrity rate of the mechanical and utilizati on, therefore in the p roc

22、ess of executi on, exce pt the p ers ons shall be pro vided with corres ponding also note don't cha nge their jobs, so as not to affect the degree of understanding and mastering mechanical equipment p erforma nee.2、加强设备维修保养制度，坚持设备评优工作2, strengthen the system of equipment maintenance, equipment r

23、ecomme ndatio n work机械设备的保养、维修、使用这三者是相互关连，互为条件的。任何设备在使用了一段较长的时间后， 都会出现不同程度的故障，为 了降低故障率、延长设备使用寿命，应根据机械设备的使用情况，密 切配合施工生产，按照设备规定的运转周期（公里或小时）定期做好 各项保养与维修的工作。设备管理部门在制定维修及保养计划时须认 真分析各类设备的具体情况，针对新旧设备的不同特点，采取不同的 措施。对于老旧设备，要以保证运行、消除隐患、及时修理为重点;对新设备，则以提高人员的技术水平、加强维护为重点，从而有效地 保证每台设备的使用性能和安全生产。Mechanical equipme

24、nt maintenance, maintenance, use the three are in terrelated and mutually con diti on al. Any equipment in use after a long time, will app ear differe nt degrees of failure, i n order to reduce the failure rate, prolong the service life of equipment, should be based on the usage of the machi nery an

25、d equipment, p roducti on, coop erate with con structi on accord ing to the regulatio ns of the equipmen t's op erat ing cycle or hour (km) regularly make the maintenance and rep air work. Equipment man ageme nt dep artme nt whe n maki ng rep airs and maintenance plan must be careful analysis of

26、 the specific conditions of the various types of equipment, according to different characteristics of new and used equipment, take differe nt measures. For old equipment, run, elim in ate hidde n dan gers, to en sure timely rep air as the focus; For new equipment, in order to improve the skill level

27、 of staff, stre ngthe ning the mai nte nan ce, so as to effectively guarantee the performanee of each device and the safety in p roducti on.对于施工企业已装备的具有先进技术水平、价格昂贵的机械设 备，因其技术含量高，单凭经验与普通工具已难以对这些设备进行正 确的修理。因此，这些机械设备应采用现代的手段，以经济合理的方 法开展维修，改变以往计划经济背景下实施的强制修理制度， 实行“视 情修理法”。For con structi on enterp rise

28、equipped with adva need tech ni cal level, the price is expensive, mechanical equipment, becauseof its high technical content, exp erie nee with ordinary tools alone has bee n di fficult to correct rep air on these devices. Therefore, the mecha ni cal equipment should be adop ted moder n means, to e

29、cono mic and reas on able method to carry out the maintenan ce, cha nge the p ast planned economy un der the backgro und of impi eme nti ng compu Isory rep air system, p ractice the "situati on and rep air method".3、加大技术培训力度，选拔优秀设备管理人才3, strengthen technical training, selecting excellent e

30、quipment man ageme nt personnel机械设备随着不断更新换代，其自动化程度将越来越高，技术含 量也越来越重。它要求管理者要有全新的思想、全新的观念，科学地 对机械设备的购置、安装、维修、更新改造等进行有条不紊的综合管 理。因此，施工企业要想从根本上提高全体管理和维修人员的专业技 术素质，就应采取“走出去、请进来、集中培训”的方法，加大技术 培训力度，选拔和培养一批懂技术、会管理、会核算的“一专多能” 型人才，以满足企业今后的发展需要。Mecha ni cal equipment with con sta ntly up dated, it will be more a

31、nd more high degree of automati on, tech ni cal content is beco ming more and more heavy. It requires managers must have the new thoughts, new ideas,scie ntifically formecha ni cal equipment pu rchase, in stallati on, maintenance, upgrading, etc in an orderly way of comprehensive man ageme nt. There

32、fore, the con structi on enterp rises to fun dame ntally improve the pro fessi onal and tech ni cal quality of the man ageme ntand maintenance staff, it should be take n to "go out, p lease come in and focus on training" approach, strengthening technical training, selection and training a

33、batch of un dersta nd tech no logy, will be man ageme nt, acco unting "masteri ng many skills while sp ecializ ing in one" type tale nts, to satisfy the bus in ess enterp rise future devel opment n eeds.4、加强职业道德教育4, to stre ngthe n pro fessi onal ethics educati on职业道德不仅是个人修养的问题，它与企业的经济效益也息

34、息相 关，可以说是一种无形的资本。当前施工企业设备使用与管理上存在 的野蛮操作、缺乏保养、随意浪费、马虎维修、以劣充优等行为，都 是缺乏职业道德的表现。因此，施工企业仍需不断加强政治思想和职 业道德教育，让广大职工树立爱惜设备的良好风气， 使机械设备发挥 最佳效能。Professi onal ethics is not only a person cultivati on pr oblems, it is closely related to the econo mic ben efits of enterp rises also, can say is a kind of intan gible cap ital. The curre nt con structi on enterp rise equipment use and management of wild operation, lack of maintenance, waste,