直接引语变间接引语语法讲解

1、直接引语变间接引语语法讲解直接引语变为间接引语从四方面变化：一、引导词 ; that 直接引语是陈述句if/whether直接引语是一般疑问句疑问词：直接引语是特殊疑问句如：She said,“Ourbus will arrive in five minute s. ”She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.He said, “Canyou swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim.She asked me,“Whendo they have their dinner? ” She

2、asked me when they had their dinner.二、人称：第一人称随主语，第二人称随宾语，第三人称不变 ” 如： She said.“Mybrother wants to go with me.”She said her brother wanted to go with her.He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?"He asked Kate how her sister was then.Mr. Smith said， “Jackis a good worker. ” Mr. Smith said Ja

3、ck was a good worker.三、时态：如果主句是一般现在时，去引号时态不变。如果主句是一般过去时，去引号时态要变为对应的过去某时态。如;1. She said.“Ihave lost apen. ”She said she had lost a pen.2. She said.“Wehope so. ”She said they hoped so.3. Shesaid, “Hewill go to see his friend。 ”She said he would go to see his friend.注：直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时时态始终是一般现在时。如： “Thee

4、arth moves around the sun. ”the teachertold me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jack said,“John,where were you going when I met you in thestreet? ” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Xiao Wang s

5、aid，“Iwas born on April 20, 1980. ” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.四、部分词的变化直接引语变间接引语，具有指代性的词也需要变化，一些具体变化如下：指示代词this -thatthese - those表示时间的词now - thentoday - that daythis week(month, etc.) - that week (month, etc.) yesterday - the day before，tomorrow - the next daylast week(month) - th

6、e week(month) beforethree days(a year)ago - three days(a year)beforenext week(month)-the next(following)week(month)表地点的词here - there动词bring - take ，come - go五、直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语肯定改为to do; 否定改为 not to do。常用 “tell(ask,order, beg)sb.(not) to do sth. 句”型。如： “Dontmake any noise, ”she said to the children. S

7、he told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bringme a cup of tea,please, ”said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引语变间接引语练习I. 请选出正确的答案：1. “ You vealready got well, haventyou?”she asked. She asked _.A. if I have already got well, hadntyouB. whether I had already got wellC. have

8、 I already got wellD. had I already got well.2. He asked ,“Are you a Party member or a Leaguemember?” He asked me _.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.3. He

9、 asked,“ Howare you getting along? ” He asked _.A. how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along4.He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter isB. what the mater wasC. whatsthe matterD. what was the matter5.He said, “ Dontdothat again. ”He _ me _

10、 that again.A. said to me; not to doB. said to me; dontdoC. told me; dontdoD. told me; not to do6. Can you make sure _?A. that he will come here todayB. when he will come here todayC. will he come here todayD. whether will he come here today7. Do you happen to know _?A. where is her addressB. in whi

11、ch place is her addressC. what her address isD. the place her address is8. Excuse me, but can you tell me _?A. where can I get to the libraryB. where I can get to the libraryC. how can I get to the libraryD. how I can get to the library9. John asked me _ to visit his ncleu sfarm with him.A. how woul

12、d I likeB. if or not would I likeC. whether I would likeD. which I would like10. I dlike to know _ Chinese.A. when he began to learnB. when did he begin to learnC. when did he begin learningD. for how long he began to learnII. 将下列句子变为间接引语：1. “ Youshould be more careful nexttime, ”his father said to

13、him.2. Mr. Wang said, “Iwill leave for Shanghai on business next month,children ”3. “Ihaventheard from my parents thesedays, ”said Mary.4. The geography teacher said to us,“ Themoon moves around the earth and the earthgoes round thesun. ”5. She said to him,“ It stime that you left here. ”6. Zhang Ho

14、ng said to me,“ DoctorWang passed away in1948. ”7. John said to his parents,“Ihad learned 500 Chinese words by the end of lastterm. ”8. The history teacher said to them,“ TheChinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921. ”9. He said, “ Areyou a student? ”10. “ Haveyou anything interesting I

15、can read,George?”she said.11. “ Sheshere to ask for help,isn tshe?”he asked.12. “ Whereare you going? ”the father asked his son.13. “ Areyou sorry for what you have done?”the mother asked the naughty boy.14. She said,“ Didyou meet this man at the station two hours ago, MrLi?. ”15. “ Writeyour names

16、on your papersfirst,the” teacher said to us.16. “ Pleasecome here againtomorrow, ”her friend said to her.17. “ Letme pack the parcel foryou, ”he said.18. “ Dontmake so much noise in class, boys andgirls, said” the teacher.19. “ Whata lovely day it is! ”20. “ HappyNew Year to you! ”he said.III. 把下列句子变为直接引语 ：1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.5. The stranger asked m