考博英语翻译注意事项提高要点

1、 考博英语翻译注意事项提高要点第一,翻译时注意英文的句型,英文的句型一般来说有相应的中文译法。如It的句型的翻译:(1It is+名词十从句:It is a fact that事实是It is a question that是个问题It is good news that是好消息It is common knowledge是常识(2 It is+过去分词十从句:It is said that据说It must be pointed out that必须指出It is asserted that有人主张It is supposed that据推测It is believed that据信It m

2、ust be admitted that必须承认It is reported that据报道It will be seen from ii that由此可见It has been proved that已证明It is general1y considered that人们普遍认为(3It is+形容词十从句:It is necessary that有必要It is likely that很可能It is clear that很清楚It is important that重要的是(4 It+不及物动词十从句:It follows that由此可见It happens that碰巧It turn

3、ed out that结果是(PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba ;QQ:wu si qi ling liu san ba liu er第二,注意英语被动句的翻译。英文的被动句经常用汉语主动句表达,如:You are requested to give a performance 英文的被动句译成汉语的主动句:请你给我们表演一个节目。英文中被动意义也可以用汉语中含有主动意义的句子来表达。常译成“被”、“由”、“受”、“为所”等等。例如: What is feared as fai

4、lure in American society is,above all,loneliness.(在美国社会中作为失败而为人们所恐惧的,莫 过于孤独了。第三,注意长句的翻译。首先不要被长句吓住,即使是很长的句子,也是由最基本的成分组成。分析句子的基本成分,主语、谓语、宾语、状语。抓住主干部分,然后逐次分析各词意思以及相互间的逻辑、语法关系,再进行翻译。值得注意的是关系分句的翻译。关系分句主要功能是作名词(词组的后置修饰语(即定语,但除作名词修饰语外,关系分句还可起其他作用,比如起状语分句和并列分句的作用,因此译成汉语时要注意,限定性关系分句翻译时因为英文置于名词后,汉语则将其置于先行项(an

5、tecedent的前边,使其译成带有“的”字的定语句子,如:I want a wife who will work and send me to school.(我想要个既能工作又能送我上学的老婆。有的句子过长,前置会显得累赘,或不符合汉语的习惯,这样我们翻译时将从句后置,把它翻译成跟主句平行的并列句。如:I want a wife who will not trouble me with a wifes duties but a1ways listens to me.(我想要个老婆,她不会以妻子的义务来打搅我,而是始终听命于我。非限制性关系分句和它的先行项之间有比较松散的关系。就其意义上来说

6、,在句子中有时相当于二个并列分句,有时在语义上起状语分句的作用,翻译时可将其后置译成并列句,例如:The sun warms the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow.(太阳温暖了大地,这才使植物有可能生长。也可以完全脱离主句,译成独立句。如:She was very patient towards the children, which her husban are requested to give a performance 英文的被动句译成汉语的主动句:请你给我们表演一个节目。英文中被动意义也可以用汉语中含有主动意义的句子来表达。常译成“被”、“由”、“受”、“为所”等等。例如: What is feared