分销发生在供应链中的每两个环节

1、Chapter 4Designing the Distribution Network in a Supply ChainTrue/False1. Distribution occurs between every pair of stages in the supply chain.分销发生在供应链中的每两个环节。 T2. Distribution only occurs between manufacturing and consumers in the supply chain.分销只发生在供应链的制造商和顾客之间。 F3. Companies in the same industry

2、often select very different distribution networks, because the choice of the distribution network can be used to achieve a variety of supply chain objectives ranging from low cost to high responsiveness.同一行业中不同的公司经常选择不同的分销网络，因为分销网络的选择可以达成不同的供应链目标，从低成本到高响应性。 T4. Companies in the same industry should

3、always select similar distribution networks, because their objectives will be similar.同一行业中不同的公司应该选择相同的分销网络，因为他们的目标是相同。F5. A customer always wants the highest level of performance along all dimensions of customer service, including response time, product variety, product availability, customer exper

4、ience, order visibility, and returnability.顾客总是想要在各个方面高水平的客户服务，包括响应时间，产品多样性，产品可获性，顾客体验，订单可视性和课退货性。 T6. A customer does not necessarily want the highest level of performance along all dimensions of customer service, including response time, product variety, product availability, customer experience,

5、order visibility, and returnability.顾客不是很想要在各个方面的高水平的客户服务，包括响应时间，产品多样性，产品可获性，顾客体验，订单可视性和课退货性。 F7. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend to be lower than inbound costs, because inbound lot sizes are typically larger.单位外向运输成本会低于内向运输成本，因为内向运输的批量较大。 F8. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend

6、to be higher than inbound costs, because inbound lot sizes are typically larger.单位外向运输成本会高于内向运输成本，因为内向运输的批量较大。 T9. Transportation costs are high with drop-shipping because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is large and package carriers are used to shipping the product.直送模式下运输成本高，因为到最

7、终消费者的平均外向运输距离长同时采用包裹承运商送货。 T10. Transportation costs are low with drop-shipping because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is small.直送模式下运输成本低，因为平均外向距离到最终消费者的距离短。 F11. The main advantage of in-transit merge over drop-shipping is the somewhat lower transportation cost and improved cust

8、omer experience.与直送相比，在途并货模式的主要优点是运输成本低和顾客体验得到改善。T12. The main advantage of a distribution network with local storage is that it can lower the delivery cost and provide a faster response than other networks. 当地存货的分销网络模式主要优势是它能降低交付成本，比其他网络提供更快的响应T13. The main advantage of a distribution network with

9、local storage is that it can lower the inventory and facility costs. 当地存货的分销网络模式主要优势是它能降低库存和设施成本 F14. The major disadvantage of a distribution network with local storage is the increased delivery cost.当地存货的分销网络模式主要劣势是交付成本增加 F15. The major disadvantage of a distribution network with local storage is

10、the increased inventory and facility costs.当地存货的分销网络模式主要的劣势是增加了库存和设施成本 T16. A distribution network designer needs to consider product characteristics as well as network requirements when deciding on the appropriate delivery network.一个分销网络设计者在设计适当的交付网络时应当考虑产品的特征以及网络的需求。 T17. Only niche companies will

11、 end up using a single distribution network.只有一些特定的公司会最终采用单一的分销网络。 T18. Most companies are best served by a single distribution network.大部分的公司最好采用单一的分销网络。 F19. Distributors add value to a supply chain between a supply stage and a customer stage if there are many small players at the customer stage,

12、each requiring a small amount of the product at a time.分销商给供应链的供应商环节和顾客环节之间增加价值，假如在顾客环节有许多规模小的参与者，每个一次需要小量的产品。 TMultiple ChoiceC1. The steps taken to move and store a product from the supplier stage to a customer stage in the supply chain is referred to as在供应链中一个产品从供应商环节转移或存储到顾客环节的步骤被称为是a. transport

13、ation.运输b. retailing.零售c. wholesaling.批发d. distribution.分销e. manufacturing.制造b2. Distribution is a key driver of the overall profitability of a firm because分销是一家公司整体盈利性的关键因素因为a. the addition of distributors only adds cost to the supply chain.分销商的加入增加了供应链的成本b. it directly impacts both the supply chai

14、n cost and the customer experience.它即直接影响供应链成本也直接影响顾客体验。c. it slows down the responsiveness of the supply chain.它降低了供应链的响应性d. it cannot be developed as a part of supply chain strategy.它不能被发展为供应链战略的一部分e. Distribution is not a key driver of profitability.分销不是盈利性的关键因素e3. The choice of the distribution

15、network can be used to achieve supply chain objectives such as分销网络的选择是为了达到如下的供应链目标a. low cost.低成本b. high responsiveness.高响应性c. high cost.高成本d. high responsibility.高责任心e. a and b only只有 a和bC4. Companies in the same industry often select very different distribution networks because 同一行业中不同的公司经常选择不同的分销

16、网络是因为a. some companies are poorly run.一些公司经营不善b. different companies try to avoid using the same approach.不同的公司试着避免使用相同的方法c. different companies have different objectives for their supply chain.不同的公司对供应链有不同的目标d. all of the above上述都是e. none of the above上述都不是e5. A poor/inappropriate distribution netwo

17、rk can 一个差的或不合适的分销网络会a. lead to high profitability.导致高的盈利性b. hurt the level of service customers receive while increasing cost.增加成本同时降低客户服务水平c. have a significant negative impact on the profitability of a firm.对公司盈利性造成很大的负面影响d. all of the above 上述都是e. b and c only只有b和ca6. Which of the following woul

18、d not be the result of a poor/inappropriate distribution network?下列哪个不是一个差的或不合适的分销网络造成的后果a. High profitability高的盈利性b. Low level of customer service低的客户服务水平c. High cost高的成本d. Poor profitability低的盈利性e. None of the above are true.上述都不对e7. On which dimensions should the performance of a distribution net

19、work be evaluated at the highest level? 在最高层面上，分销网络的绩效从哪个方面来评估a. Profitability of individual supply chain components供应链各个组成部分的盈利性b. Efficiency of overall supply chain network整个供应链的效率c. Customer needs that are met被满足的顾客需求d. Cost of meeting customer needs满足顾客需求的成本e. c and d only仅仅是c和de8. Which of the

20、following are measures of customer service that are influenced by the structure of the distribution network?受分销网络结构影响的客户服务指标有哪些a. Response time响应时间b. Product variety产品多样性c. Product availability产品可获性d. Customer experience顾客体验ee. all of the above上述都是9. Which of the following are measures of customer s

21、ervice that are influenced by the structure of the distribution network? 受分销网络结构影响的客户服务指标有哪些a. Returnability 可退货性b. Order visibility订单可视性c. Customer experience顾客体验d. Product availability产品可获性e. all of the above 上述都是C10. Which of the following is not a measure of customer service that is influenced b

22、y the structure of the distribution network? 受分销网络结构影响的客户服务指标下列哪些不是a. Returnability可退货性b. Customer experience顾客体验c. Customer maturity顾客成熟性d. Product availability产品可获性e. All of the above are measures of customer service.上述都是客户服务的指标a11. The time between when a customer places an order and receives del

23、ivery is当一个顾客下订单和收到货之间所需的时间是a. response time.响应时间b. product variety.产品多样性c. product availability.产品可获性d. customer experience.顾客体验e. order visibility.订单可视性b12. The number of different products/configurations that a customer desires from the distribution network is顾客想从分销网络中得到的不同产品或配置数目a. response time

24、. 响应时间b. product variety. 产品多样性c. product availability. 产品可获性d. customer experience. 顾客体验e. order visibility. 订单可视性c13. The probability of having a product in stock when a customer order arrives is当顾客订单到达时，产品有现货的概率是a. response time. 响应时间b. product variety. 产品多样性c. product availability. 产品可获性d. custo

25、mer experience. 顾客体验e. order visibility. 订单可视性a14. The ease with which the customer can place and receive their order as well as other aspects of value that the sales staff provides is顾客下达和接收订单的舒适程度以及其他方面的价值像是销售人员提供的a. customer experience. 顾客体验b. order visibility. 订单可视性c. product availability. 产品可获性

26、d. response time. 响应时间e. returnability. 可退货性b15. The ability of the customer to track their order from placement to delivery is顾客从下订单到交付跟踪他们订单的能力是a. customer experience. 顾客体验b. order visibility. 订单可视性c. product availability. 产品可获性d. response time. 响应时间e. returnability. 可退货性e16. The ease with which a

27、 customer can return unsatisfactory merchandise and the ability of the network to handle such returns is顾客退回不满意商品的难易程度和网络处理这种退货的能力是a. customer experience. 顾客体验b. order visibility. 订单可视性c. product availability. 产品可获性d. response time. 响应时间e. returnability. 可退货性 d17. The costs incurred in bringing mate

28、rial into a facility are将物料送入一个设施所发生的成本是a. sourcing transportation costs.采购运输成本b. outbound transportation costs.外向运输成本c. crossbound transportation costs.交叉运输成本d. inbound transportation costs.内向运输成本e. none of the above上述都不是b18. The costs incurred in sending material out of a facility are将物料从一个设施发出所发生

29、的成本a. sourcing transportation costs. 采购运输成本b. outbound transportation costs. 外向运输成本c. crossbound transportation costs. 交叉运输成本d. inbound transportation costs. 内向运输成本e. none of the above上述都不是b19. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend to be单位外向运输成本趋向于a. about the same as inbound costs.和内向运输成本一样b.

30、 higher than inbound costs.比内向运输成本高c. lower than inbound costs.比内向运输成本低d. neither higher or lower than inbound costs.即不比内向运输成本高也不比内向运输低e. none of the above上述都不是a20. As the number of facilities in a supply chain increases随着供应链中设施数目的增加a. the inventory and resulting inventory costs also increase.库存和库存成

31、本增加b. the inventory and resulting inventory costs decrease. 库存和库存成本减少c. the inventory increases and resulting inventory costs decrease.库存增加，库存成本增加d. the inventory decreases and resulting inventory costs increase.库存减少，库存成本增加e. the inventory and resulting inventory costs remain the same.库存和库存成本保持不变c21

32、. As the response time desired by the customer decreases, the required number of facilities in the distribution network想要缩短对顾客的响应时间，在分销网络中设施的需要量a. decreases. 降低b. remains the same.保持原样c. increases.增加d. increases and then decreases.增加然后降低e. none of the above上述都不是e22. As the number of facilities in a

33、supply chain increases, total transportation cost当供应链中设施数目增加，总的运输成本a. decreases. 降低b. remains the same.保持原样c. increases.增加d. increases to a point and then decreases.增加一点然后降低e. decreases to a point and then increases.降低一点然后增加c23. As the number of facilities in a supply chain increases, total facility

34、 costs当供应链中设施数目增加，总的设施成本a. decrease. 降低b. remain the same. 保持原样c. increase. 增加d. increase to a point and then decrease. 增加一点然后降低e. decrease to a point and then increase. 降低一点然后增加d24. Total logistics costs for a supply chain network are a sum of 一个供应链网络的总物流成本是什么的总和a. inventory and facility costs.库存和设

35、施成本b. inventory, facility, and distributor costs.库存，设施，分销成本c. facility, transportation, and distributor costs.设施，运输和分销成本d. inventory, transportation, and facility costs.库存，运输和设施成本be. none of the above上述都不是25. As the number of facilities in a supply chain network increases, total logistics costs will

36、 当供应链中设施数目增加，总的物流成本会a. decrease.降低b. decrease at first and then increase.先降低在增加c. increase.增加d. increase at first and then decrease.先增加在降低e. neither increase or decrease.既不增加也不降低e26. Which of the following are key decisions in the design of a distribution network?下列哪个是设计分销网络的关键性的决策a. Will product be

37、 delivered to the customer location or picked up from a pre-ordained site?产品是交付到客户所在地还是由预定的一方来提取？b. Will product flow through a production facility?产品需要流经产品设施吗？c. Will product flow through an intermediary (or intermediate location)?产品需要流经一个中介（或中间场所吗）？d. all of the above上述都是e. a and c only仅仅是a和cb27.

38、Which of the following is not a distinct distribution network design that may be used to move products from factory to customer?下列哪个不是不同分销网络设计中实现产品从工厂到顾客的移动a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存货加直送b. Manufacturer storage with distributor pickup制造商存货加分销商自提c. Distributor storage with packag

39、e carrier delivery分销商存货加包裹承运商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分销商存货加到户交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分销商存货加顾客自提d28. Which of the following is not a distinct distribution network design that may be used to move products from factory to customer? 下列哪个不是不同分

40、销网络设计中实现产品从工厂到顾客的移动a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存货加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge 制造商存货加直送和在途并存c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分销商存货加包裹承运商交付d. Distributor storage with manufacturer pickup分销商存货加制造商自提e. Retail storage with cust

41、omer pickup零售商存货加顾客自提a29. In which distribution network design is product shipped directly from the manufacturer to the end customer, bypassing the retailer (who takes the order and initiates the delivery request)?下列哪种分销网络设计是产品直接从工厂送到最终顾客，绕过零售商（接收订单和启动交付的请求）a. Manufacturer storage with direct shippi

42、ng制造商存货加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存货加直送和在途并存c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分销商存货加包裹承运商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分销商存货加到户交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分销商存货加顾客自提b30. Which distributi

43、on network is also referred to as drop-shipping with product delivered directly from the manufacturer to the customer location?下列哪种分销网络模式同样提到产品直接从工厂送到顾客所在地a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存货加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存货加直送和在途并存c. Distributor

44、storage with package carrier delivery分销商存货加包裹承运商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分销商存货加到户交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分销商存货加顾客自提e31. Advantages of manufacturer storage with direct shipping include制造商存货加直送的优势包括a. the ability to reduce cost of inventory

45、by centralizing inventories at the manufacturer.降低了库存成本通过库存集中在制造商那b. offering the manufacturer the opportunity to postpone customization until after the customer order has been placed.给制造商提供了延迟顾客化的机会直到顾客真正下订单。c. supply chains save on the fixed cost of facilities, because the need for other warehousi

46、ng space in the supply chain has been eliminated.供应链节省设施的固定成本，因为消除了在供应链中对其他仓储空间的需求。d. providing a good customer experience in the form of delivery to the customer location.提供了一个好的到家交付方面的客户体验e. all of the above上述都是b32. Which of the following is an advantage of manufacturer storage with direct shippin

47、g?下列哪个是采用制造商存货加直送的优势a. Transportation costs are low because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is small and package carriers are used to shipping the product. 运输成本低因为到最终消费者的平均外向运输距离缩短同时采用包裹承运人方式送货。b. Supply chains save on the fixed cost of facilities, because the need for other wareho

48、using space in the supply chain has been eliminated. 供应链节省设施的固定成本，因为消除了在供应链中对其他仓储空间的需求。c. Response times tend to be small because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer.响应时间缩短因为订单从零售商传送到制造商。d. Order tracking is easy to implement because of the complete integration of i

49、nformation systems at both the retailer and the manufacturer.订单跟踪变得容易因为信息系统完全的整合在零售商和制造商之间。ee. The handling of returns is likely to be simple and inexpensive, improving customer satisfaction.处理退货变得简单和便宜，改善了客户满意度。33. Disadvantages of manufacturer storage with direct shipping include 制造商存货加直送的劣势包括a. T

50、ransportation costs are high because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is large and package carriers are used to shipping the product. 运输成本高因为到最终消费者的平均外向运输距离加长同时采用包裹承运人方式送货b. Response times tend to be large because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer

51、 and shipping distances are on average longer from the manufacturers centralized site. 响应时间长因为订单从零售商传送到制造商，发运的距离平均较长从制造商集中化的仓库里。c. Order tracking becomes harder to implement because it requires complete integration of information systems at both the retailer and the manufacturer. 订单跟踪变得困难因为这要求信息系统完全

52、的整合在零售商和制造商之间。d. The handling of returns is likely to be difficult and more expensive, hurting customer satisfaction. 处理退货变得困难和昂贵，伤害了客户满意度。e. all of the above上述都是d34. Which of the following would be a disadvantage of manufacturer storage with direct shipping?下列哪个是制造商存货加直送的劣势a. The ability to reduce

53、cost of inventory by centralizing inventories at the manufacturer. 降低了库存成本通过库存集中在制造商那b. The manufacturer has to postpone customization until after the customer order has been placed. 给制造商提供了延迟顾客化的机会直到顾客真正下订单。c. Supply chains have to eliminate other warehousing space to save on the fixed cost of faci

54、lities. 供应链节省设施的固定成本，消除了在供应链中对其他仓储空间的需求。d. Response times tend to be large because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer and shipping distances are on average longer from the manufacturers centralized site. 响应时间长因为订单从零售商传送到制造商，发运的距离平均较长从制造商集中化的仓库里。e. Provides a good c

55、ustomer experience when a single order containing products from several manufacturers is delivered in partial shipments. 提供了一个好的客户体验当一个订单包含多家制造商且分批发货b35. Which distribution network design is similar to pure drop-shipping, except that pieces of the order coming from different locations are combined s

56、o that the customer gets a single delivery?下列哪种网络设计与直送相似，除了将不同地点的订单组合起来，使顾客只需接收一次交付a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存货加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存货加直送和在途并货c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分销商存货加包裹承运人交付d. Distributor storage with manufactu