状语从句9种全

1、精心整理状语从句在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句有 时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步 等种类。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连接词有 ：when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, un til, whe never, no soonertha n, hardly/scarcely.whe n, the mome nt/minu te/i nsta nt/sscyrtimieveach time, any time, the first time, n ex

2、t time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly 等。1. 表示一 就的句型1) as soon as/onceAs soon as he arrives, I'll call you他一到，我就给你打电话。（as soon as侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示一旦.）”2) on doing sth/o n on e's + n作时间状语On arrivi ng at the statio n, the thief was arrested.一到达车站

3、，这个小偷就被逮捕了。On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison他一至U达巴黎，就被认出是一个贵族，并被投入监狱。（主句都用过去完成时，从句用3) no soon er .tha n , hardly/scarcely.whe n它们表“一就”。结构中的否定词放在句首时，主句要倒装。一般过去时。）No sooner had he reached home tha n it bega n to rain.他刚到家，天就开始下雨了。Hardly/Scarcely had I en tere

4、d the room whe n the phone rang.我一进屋，电话就响了。注意 当no sooner, hardly, scarcely不放在句首时，主句不倒装，如:I had no sooner reached the bus stop tha n the bus started.我刚到车站，车就开走了。I had scarcely (hardly) entered the room when the phone rang.4) the moment, the instant, the minute, the second The mome nt I saw him, I rec

5、og ni zed him.我一看见他，就认出了他。We'll leave the minute you are ready.你一准备好，我们就出发。5)有些副词如：instantly, immediately, directly可用作连词，后接从句。 I left immediately the clock struck 5.我刚走，钟就敲了五点。2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句1) when的用法 when既可指时间点，也可指时间段 (即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的)；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。I was thi n whe n I was a chi

6、ld.当我是个孩子的时候，我很瘦。It was raining whe n I arrived.我至 U达时，天正在下雨。'- 在when引导时间状语从句时，如果从句主语与主句主语相同或为it，且从句有be动词，则从句 可省主语和be动词，如：JWhe n (you are) in trouble, you can visit this man.当你有麻烦时，可以找这个人。She is always listening to music when (she is) doing her homework. 当她做作业时，总是听音乐。 when在下列结构中，译成“这时”，它引导的是并列句b

7、e about to do . when, be doing . when, had donewhen,be on one's way . when, be on the point of doing . whe(n参见 “连词'部分 when 的用法)2) while 用法_-,while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于 during the time that.My mother was cook ing while I was doing my homework.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。I am safe while

8、I am here我在这儿的时候，我很安全。注意I while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲；并可在句首引出让步状语从 句作虽然但”讲。I like watch ing TV, while he likes readi ng.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。While he has his own car, he ofte n uses mine.尽管他自己有车，他却常用我的。3) as的用法 as引导时间状语从句时常可和 when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。As I left the house, I forgot the key 我离家时，忘了带钥匙。as还可说明两

9、种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着.”的意思，表时间的推移。如: As I get older, I get more op timistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。 as表“一边一边”，弓I出伴随动作。He hurried home, look ing behi nd as he went.他匆忙地回家，边走边往后看。用以强调两个动作紧接着发生。As he was going out, it bega n to rain.当他出去的时候，天开始下雨了。as有时引出一个名词，相当于一个时间状语从句。As a boy (whe n he was a boy), he was hop ele

10、ss at maths.当他是孩子时，他对数学失去希望。3. before引导的时间状语从句before引导的时间状语从句不用否定式谓语。Before they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone.在他们到达公共汽车站之前，公共汽车已经走了。 在“It be +时间段+ before从句”句型中，肯定句译成“(之后)才”，否定句译成“就”。该句型有一般过去时、过去将来时、一般将来时 三个时态，且有否定句。It will be some time before. do.It was some time before.didIt would be some

11、time before.did.It was long before.did.很久才 “ ”It wasn't long before.did.不久就 “”It will be many years before the chemicals start to esca pe fromthe con tai ners.多年以后化学物质才开始从容器中逃逸。It was not long before he came bac不久他就回来了。It was a long time before he got to slee p aga in.很久他才再次入睡。It was a week befo

12、re he could tell his story.一个星期后他才能讲述他的经历。It was n't long before he told us about himself.不久他就给我们讲述了他自己的故事。 before可译成“未来得及”He had measured me before I could get a word.我还未来得及插话，他就量好了尺寸。 before可译成“趁着还没”ril write it dow n before I forget.趁着还没忘我要把它写下来。4. until 和 till1) “延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到为止，”译

13、为“直到为止”，如:I waited for him un til he came back.我一直等至 U他回来。2) “终止性动词的否定式+ until ”表示“直到才”。He did n't go to bed un til he had fin ished his work.直到完成工作他才睡觉。3）用于强调句式 “ It is notun til .that . ”It was not un til the pro fessor came that we bega n the exp erime nt.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。4) not until放在句首时，主句倒

14、装。Not un til he graduated did he succeed in obta ining this comp ou nd.直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。注意句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till ； not.J.until.句型中不用till。5. since引导时间状语从句，意为“自从时起”，主句要用完成时。一Mr. Li has bee n here since he came back.自从李先生回来以后，他一直在这儿。I have n't heard from him since he lived here.自从他住在这儿以来，我就没有收到过他的来

15、信。rve known Mr. Smith since I was a boy.我小的时候就认识史密斯先生了。6.时间状语从句的省略式当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语相同或为it，从句又含be动词时，从句可省略主语和 be动词。在不产生歧义时，连词也可省去。如：Once (it is) see n, it can n ever be forgotte n.一旦被看见过，永远也不会被忘记。二、地点状语从句1. 地点状语从句主要由 where, wherever anywhere, everywhere 丨导。We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水

16、的地方露营。I will follow you wherever you go.无论你到何处我都要跟随你。2. 地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词。Go back where you came from. （where 弓丨导地点状语从句）Go back to the village where you came from.（where引导定语从句，village为先行词）三、原因状语从句原因状语从句由 because, as , since, now （that）既然），in that （因为，多于口语中）,seeing （that）（

17、鉴于，由于），considering that （考虑到）等引导。1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强, 可用于强调句。He did n't atte nd the meeti ng because he was ill.他没参加会议，因为他病了。It was because he was ill that he did n't go with us.因为他有病，他没有和我们一起去。注意because和because of的区别：because是连词，弓I导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词 性词语，如：

18、-The football match was put off because it rain ed.The football match was put off because of the rain.因为下雨，足球赛延期了。2. since, as, now tha引导的原因状语从句，不能用于强调句。si nee的语气比because稍弱，表示关系上的自然结果，特别用于原因已经清楚了的事情，一般译成“既然，鉴于”（往往放在主句之前）如:Since you have known the secret, I n eed n't say any thi ng about it.既然你已经

19、知道了这个秘密,我就不必说了。as语气最弱，说明一般的因果关系，表显而易见的原因或倒果为因的说法（可放在主句之前,col亦可放在主句之后），如:As he did n't know much En glish, he got out his dict ionary and looked up the word他对英语懂得不多，他拿出字典查找“ cough这个词。As the ground is wet, it must have rained last ni ght.（倒果为因）昨晚一定下了雨，地面是湿的。now that用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推论。now that放句首时tha

20、t可省略：Now （that） everybody is here, let's begi n.3. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说 明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。He must be ill, for he is abse nt today.4. 原因状语从句有时可以用分词形式表现。As he was bli nd, he could n't see any thi ng.Being bli nd, he could n't see anything.四、条件状语从句1

21、 .由 if, unless（ifnot） , so/as long as, supposing（that）假设），in case（万一, 以防）,so/asfar as （就.而言），on condition that （条件是.）,provided/providing （that）（假若）引导。Tell me about it if you have time.I won't go uni ess rm in vited.Take an umbrella with you in case it rai ns.You may use the room as/so long as yo

22、u clea n it up afterwards.2.祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise陈述句”的句型中，祈使句在意义上实际上相当于条件状语从 句。Use your head, and you'll find a way.Hurry up or else （otherwise） you ll be late.-3. if only也可以引导条件状语从句，只不过较少使用而已。only if也引导条件状语从句，意思是“只 有在条件下”If (only) it clears up, I will go.4. 条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。' 一II

23、 will go if you go.5. 条件状语从句中的省略问题1)从句主语为it,又有系动词be时，可以省略从句中主语和 be动词。Come tomorrow if (it is) p ossible.If so, you must get back and get it.还有诸女口 if necessary如口果有必要”,if any如口果有”，if inneed 若需要”。2)如果if从句的主语和主句的主语一致，谓语动词又有be可以把从句中的主语和be省略掉。If (water is) heated, water sends out steam.6. 条件句中的虚拟与倒装if引导的条

24、件状语从句若与过去或现在事实不符，或对未来进行不可能的假设，就要用虚拟语 气。(详见虚拟语气部分) 省略if的虚拟条件从句：若条件从句的谓语动词有 were, had或should,可以把if省去，而把were， had或should移到主语前构成倒装。Had I arrived there earlier, I would have see n him.Were it not for him, I would not have the cha nee to go home.Should he be here tomorrow, I would give him a hand.五、目的状语从句

25、由 so that （以便），in order that （为了），for fear that （= in case）（以免），lest （以防） 引导，谓语常含 may, might, can, could, will, woulc等情态动词。They set out early so that they might arrive at the stati on in good time. ril sp eak slowly so that/i n order that you can un dersta nd.He wrote the name down for fear that （le

26、st）he would forget.当从句与主句主语一致时，可用to do, so as to do, in order to d结构换用。He worked day and ni ght in order that he could succeed.He worked day and ni ght in order to succeed.六、结果状语从句1.常用的连词有so that so . that, suchthat, that（带古英语痕迹）。（结果状语从句中一般无情态动词）He had oversle pt so that he was late for work.My pen

27、fell un der my desk that I could n't see it.2. so/such .tha所用句式 so + adj（ adv） + that 从句The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. so+adj +a/a n+单名 + that 从句=such a/an+adj.+单名 +that 从句 She is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her.=She is such a beautiful girl that all t

28、he boys of our class like her. so many/few + 复名 + that 从句so much/little+不可数名词+ that从句_There are so many apples on the desk that we each have one. There is so little water that you can't drink. such +a/an + adj + 单名 + that 从句'She is such a good girl that she can help you. such + adj + 复名/不可数名

29、+ that从句It was such bad weather that we all stayed home.He has such in teresti ng books that he kee ps read ing all day.注意little表“小，可爱”时，用such不用so修饰。He is such a little boy that his p ate nts ' ofte n teach him someth ing.七、方式状语从句-由 as, as if （as thougi引I 导。Do as you like.He sp oke as if he had

30、bee n there before.注意 as if, as though从句与事实相反时用虚拟语气，与事实相符，不用虚拟语气。八、比较状语从句i 常用连词 than, as .as., not as/so. asHe ran as far as he could.rm not as/so tall as he/him.She studies harder tha n 1（ study）. the more . the more.引导,且经常以省略形式出现The harder you try, the better you will un dersta nd.九、让步状语从句由 though

31、, although, as, even if/though , no matter wh-, wh-eve词，whether.or （不管.都），when.while等引导。1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不 与but连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然 而”的意思。Although the TV set is very dear, I still want to buy it.Though /Although he was worn out, he

32、 kept on work ing.2. as引导让步状语时，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为 ： 形容词/副词/名词+ as +主 +谓 动词+ as +主 +情态动词Child as he is, he knows a lot.Proud as these n obles are, they are afraid to see me.Great a scie ntist as he is, he rema ins modest.Try as I might, I could n't lift the stone.注意在这种倒装结构中，也可以用though （不太常用），但不可用altho

33、ugh.Bravely though the p layers fought, they had no cha nee of winning.3. even if （尽管；即使），even though （尽管）这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思 （有时用于虚拟）。表 “即使”时有假设含义，一般用 even if。 _-IWe'll make trip eve n if（though） the weather is bad._Eve n if I were in your p lace, I would n't take the job.（虚拟）4

34、. “whether. or.”可引导让步状语从句-'i .'y - JWhether you believe it or no t, it is true.5. “ no matter + wh-”引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句时“疑问句-ever”相当于“ no matter +疑问词”，此时：no matter who = whoeverno matter what = whateverno matter which = whichever -no matter where = wherever 'no matter how = however -No matt

35、er what happen ed, he would not mind.It's a n ice room no mattSr whom （whoever） it bel ongs to.6. “no matter + wh-”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“ wh-ever”形式除引导让步状语从句外, 还可以引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时：whoever = anyone who任何的人whatever = anything that 任何的事（物）whenever = anyplace where任何 的地方I will give the book to whoever n ee

36、ds it. I like whatever you like.7. when引导让步状语从句时置于主句后虽然却，尽管但He walks whe n he might take a taxi.本（应，可以.）却。when 从句用虚拟式为： could/should . have doneShe stopped trying whe n she might succeed n ext time.&while引导让步状语从句时置于主句前，与though同，但though从句可到装，while从句不可倒装。9.让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。No matter what he is, he

37、 will be puni shed.十、状语从句的省略现象当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或为it,同时从句谓语含be动词，就可省去从句的主语和be动词。时间状语从句中:Don t sp eak un ti(you are) sp oke n to.While (I was) in Beiji ng, I lived with my un cle. I want to go swimming when (it is) possible.条件状语从句中:Come tomorrow if (it is) po ssible.If (it is) so, you would be puni she

38、d.Uni ess (it is) rep aired, the TV set is of no use. 方式状语从句中:She stood at the gate as if (she was) wait ing for some one. 其他状语从句中:Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt.Fill in the blanks with proper words where (it is) necessary.练习_一、用适当的连词填空： -"1. Dr. Bethu ne (白求恩)came to Chi na he was

39、 fifty.2. He bega n to work he got there.3. Let's begi n our meet ingevery one is here.4. I like the En glish peop le；I don't like their food.5. you go in Chi na, you can see smili ng faces.6. He did n't come to the lecture,he was very busy.7. we had eno ugh time, we walked to the ci nem

40、a.8. They will help yduyou meet with difficulty.9. we came to the uni versity, we have lear nt quite a lot.10did n't join them yesterday eve ningI had to go to an imp orta nt meeti ng.11. We would try to get a carwe could all travel together more easily.12. She would n't forget her mother

41、9;s birthdayshe seldom wrote to her family.13. We're doing everythi ng we can to make things as easy for youwe can.14. The meeti ng became so disorderlythe sp eaker had to shout the audie nee dow n.15. He was an grierever before.16. you lock all the doors, he can still man age to get in.17. The

42、boy was so tiredhe fell aslee p on the bus.18. Hardhe tried, he coldn t force the door open.二、选择填空1. you ' ve tried it, you can t imagine how pleasant it is.A. Uni ess?B. Because? C. Although? D. When2. He left ina hurryhe forgot his key.D. such, asA. such, that B. so, thatC. the same, as3. He h

43、as loved meI were his son.A. becauseB. asC. ifD. as though4. I don ' t think I ' ll need any money but I ' ll bring some.A. as last? B. in case? C. once agai n? ?D. in time5. Some one called me up in the middle of the ni ght, but they hung upI could an swer.A. as? B. sin ce?C. before?D.

44、until6. We must do it well,there are a lot of difficulties.he has wonA. as if?B. as though?C. even though? D. even as7. has take n part in the Athe ns Oly mp ic Games is worth p raisi ng no mattermedals or not.A. Who; if? B. Anyone; whether? C. Whoever; whether D. Whoever; how8. -It ' s a lorimf

45、eI saw you last.-Yes, and what a p ity it is now that it will be a long timewe see each other aga in.A. before; sin ce? B. since; whe n?C. since; before? .D. whe n; before9. The head of the company pro mised to deal with matters of this sorthe returned to his office.A. un til?B. while?C. by the time

46、? D. the mome nt10. He had already walked three or four mileshe saw a cart by the side df the road.A. while? B. whe n?C. the mome nt? D. unl essI11. Muchthe young couple n eeded money to make the dow n p ayme nt for the ap artme nt, theywouldn ' t ask their parents for help.C. even ifD. whileI c

47、an always see it, as it reminds me of the days whe n I studied inA. although B. as12. I have kept the photo _Britai n.A. at which? B. whe n ? C. where? D. at the place13. I would app reciate it you can help me with my En glish this after noon.A. because? B. until?C. when? D. if14. you may be right, I can ,' t altogether agree.D. SinceA. As? ? B. While? C. If?15. was 1998， I graduated from the uni versity.A. It; when? B. It; that? C. Tha