小升初情态动词与时态

1、2014年小升初英语-情态动词&时态一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化;它的后面必须跟动词原形。二、情态动词的种类：情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会can* t不能，不会could能够，会couldn t不能，不会may可以/must必须mustn1 t不允许，不能shall将，要/should应该shouldn* t不应该need需要needn t不必would将会，愿wouldn* t不会，不愿三.情态动词的用法及主要句型：1、Can I help you Yes, please / No, thanks

2、2、Can +主语+动词原形Yes,can. No,can, t.3、Can I borrow your bookYes, of course4、Can I write on the book No, you can, tmustn t5、CouldCanyouhelpmeYes,of courseCertainly. Sure6、CouldCanyoutellme the way to the Zoo7、May Icomein Comein, please8、May Isit here Yes,pleaseSorry, pleasedont9、May I have some Coke Yes

3、, of course10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom Speaking Who s calling11、should、shouldn, t 表示劝告：1) He should get up early.2) She shouldn* t play computer game too much12、Should + 主语 + 动词原形 Yes,should. No,shouldn t.13、表示建议“你愿意吗”Would you like to go shopping with meYes, I d love to. /I * d love to. But

4、I * m busy now.14、就餐用语 Would you like something to eatdrinkYes, I d like15、shall用于第一人称（I, we）,可以表示“将”和表示建议“好吗”1） Where shall we have dinner2） Shall we go fishing All right 0K Good idea16、Must + 主语 + 动词原形Yes,must. No, needn, t.【牛刀小试】（-）用适当的情态动词填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card No, you 2. I

5、 use your car Yes, you 3. I go home now No, you stay here4My mother is ill. I stay at home and look after her5. you like some tea?6. You take more exercise7. you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?8. The clock tell us the time9. you like to go fishing with me?10. we play football this afternoon（

6、二）按要求改写句子。1. I can run fast Ifast（否定句）2. You must return the book now.（般疑问句） I return the book now No, you 3. He can play basketball well.（一般疑问句） hebasketball well?4 They must take the books out of the room. （否定句）Theythe books out of the room.5He should get up early.（否定句）Heget ud late（三）单项选择。（）1you

7、like some milkA.WouldB.CouldC Can（）2. Wepick the flowerin the parkA.can tBdontC mustn, t（） e should more trees, and we shouldn, t cut any trees.1A.plant B.plantingI have some coffee , you have.C.plantsB Yes, youcan.C.Yes, certainly.we visitthe factory?youcando.like,we shall.right.something to eat?wo

8、uld ，厂 d like someI do for you?,you can. , I can do it. C.cakes,ofcourse.d like someoranges.四.1.2.小升初时态归纳总结历年真题（大小联盟06年一13年）I have a look at the pictureYes, youA. Can, mustB Can, manyC May, canD Must, mustIf youwork hard,youpass theexam.A. won *tt won tB won* t, canC.don t, don tD.don t, won* t3 Mus

9、t I borrowthe book with anID cardNo, youA. mustn* tB needn tC shouldn1 tD canw t4. Itcold in theroom closethe window, Mum ?5.Yes,A. Canyou may B.C.Must.you finish your composition in timeI am afraidA. Can; notB May; mustn tC Must; needn*D.Can; can6. They will winthe match,A. aren* tB shall theyC wil

10、l theyD won tthey7. Stop talking!Youmake noisesin the library.Wekeep quite.A. can t; must B mustn t; shouldC shouldn， t; can D can* t; shouldOf course youI have a look at your new watch1A. canB. mustC.willD. would一、考点分析1、小升初主要考察的儿种时态：【1】一般现在时。主要考察单三时候的动词变化。一般是动词加S或es或变y为i+eso【2】现在进行时。主语+am/is/are+动词

11、ing。一般会有如now、look等明显的时间标志词语。3 一般将来时。主语+am/is/are +going to+动词原形。或者主语+shall/will +动词原形。般会有 tomorrow、next week, next year 等等时间标志。4 一般过去时，也就是主语+过去式。这个需要对动词的过去式非常熟悉。般会有yesterday, last week, last year等等时间标志。总体来说这个考点的考题不会太难、 理解每种时态的概念表意、记住各种时态动词的变化规律以及每种时态对应的时间状语、多做一些 辅导练习，这个考点的分数中等成绩的学生一般都能拿到。2、考点分值及题型分析

12、时态在小升初的考试当中占的比例不是很多、分数大概在10-15分之间，考的题型也多以 单选题和完形填空为主。一般是时态和动词一起考。Eg： The little girl a new dress. She looks beautiful.A. is putting onB. puts onC. wearsD. is wearing分析：动词wear与put on的区别和现在进行时的用法一起考，二、小学英语四种时态的比较。知识梳理比较四种时态的用法时态时态定义构成形式时间状语标志一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性、规律性的动作Be动词is am areoftensometimesalways every

13、 year seldom once a week行为动词Leavegetopentak e startclose 等现在进行时表示说话的此时此 刻正在发生的动作主语+be +V-ingnowat parentatthis momentthesedays一般将来时表示打算、计划要做 的动作或事件。主语 +willshall +V-原形Next time tomorrow this afternoonsoonin the future主语+be going to V-原形一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作、事情主语+v-过去式yesterdayjust nowat that timethe ot

14、her day*三、动词的变化规则。一般现在时主语为第 三人称单数时，动词 的形式动词现在分词动词过去式1） 一般情况下，在动1） 一般情况下，在动词1） 一般情况下，动词原形后词原形后面加S.原形后面加ing.如：加ed.如：cook显如：play 雯、get 空playing、 reading2）以不发音e结尾的动词2）以o, sh, ch结尾的2）以不发音e结尾的动加 d.如：live、phoned动词加es.如词，去e加ing.如：3）以辅音字母加y结尾的does、 goes、make一making动词，将y改成i后再加washes、watches、taketakinged. 如：st

15、udystudiedcatcheshavehavingflyfliW、3）以辅音字母加y结3）以“重读闭音节，辅trytried尾的动词，将y改音+元音+辅音”结尾carrycarried成i后再加es.如的动词，双写最后一4）以重读闭音节（辅音+元flyfliesstudy一studiesc arry一 carries-4 ）特殊情况：havehas个字母加ing.如： run-running swim一一shimming4）注意：以y结尾的动词 变为现在分词，y不需 要改变，直接加ing. 如：playing音+辅音）结尾的动词， 双写最后一个字母加ed. 如：skipped、shoppe

16、t/ 5）不规则变化：第八册课本第90页表格四、具体讲解般现在时用法：（1）现阶段经常性、习惯性动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时 间 状 语 : often, always, sometimes, usually, never, every day, every year,on Sundays, twice a year如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning.（2）U前的状态；如：Guangzhou is 2313 kilometres away from Beijing.（3）客观真理；如：The earth moves around t

17、he sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.（4）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。（主将从现） 如：I11 help you as soon as you have problem构成：主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词要加词尾-s（-es）,其他人称和数用动词原形。一般现在时中第三人称单数作主语时，谓语动词的变化规则：1. 一般情况下，直接加s。如：getgets2. 以o、sh、ch结尾的动词，加es。如:dodoes3. 辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i,加es。如:studystudies4. 元音字母加y结尾，直接加s。

18、如:enjoenjoys否定句：1/you/we/they/he/she+do not+动词原形二二二I don* t/you don* t/we don t/they don* t+动词 原形he/she/it+does not+动词原形二二二he doesn, t/she doesn t/it doesn t+动词原形 如：He doesn t practise English every morningI don t enjoy playing badminton in winter疑问句中：须将助动词Do/Does提前到句首，其余不变例：Do you work as accountan

19、t in LondonDoes she go to the cinema on weekends轻松练一下一. 写出下列动词在第三人称单数时的正确形式。do go wash catchswim have make wishstudy play move write二. 按要求转换句子，每空一词。likes playing chess with his friends（改为否定句）Tomplaying chess with his friends.s parents often go for a walk in the evening.（改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答）Janet? s paren

20、ts oftena walk after supper-No,. usually watches TV.（改成一般疑问句）he usuallyhas some red shirts and green scarves（变成否定句）Sheany red shirts and green scarves现在进行时用法：（1）用来表示说话时正在进行或者发生的动作，例如：Mother is cooking in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房里煮饭。What are you looking at 你在看什么（2）用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作（但说话时不一定在进行），例如：Is she writin

21、g a novel她正在写一本小说吗（3）用来表示即将发生的动作，一般是指按讣划或者安排好要发生的动作。适用于这种情况的动词主要有：go, come, leave, start, arrive等。例如：I m going home in half an hour.我一个半小时内要回家。The train is arriving soon.火车很快就要到达了。构成:由be (am/is/are) +动词-ing形式构成动词现在分词的构成规则1 一般情况下直接加ingthinkthinking sleepsleeping studystudying speakspeakingsaysayingca

22、rrycarrying wakeaking2以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e,再加ingcomecomingmake akingleaveleavinghavehavingtaket aking3以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节）结尾，呈现“辅, 元 辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ingstop stoppingsit sittingrun runningforget forgettingbegin beginning 这类词还有：begin, cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg,

23、 drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。4以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ,再加ingdiedying lielying现在进行时的句型变化 肯定式结构：主语+be+动词-ing形式+其他.例如：We are running now 否定式结构：主语+be+not+动词-ing形式+其他.例如：They aren, t doing their homework一般疑问句式结构：Be+主语+动词-ing形式+其他例如:Is she having English lesson回答：肯定 Yes, she is.否定:No, she isn* t.

24、特殊疑问句式结构：疑问词+be+主语+其他例如：1What is he doing now 回答：He is swimming.轻松试一下写出下列动词的现在分词形式。goenjoyteacheatdrawwalktakegetdancewriterunswim二按要求改写句子。are having an English class.（改成一般疑问句）mother is cooking.（变成一般疑问句并且作肯定回答） is watching TV.（改成否定句）is reading a story book.（就划线部分提问）一般将来时一般将来时构成助动词will （shall） +动词原形（

25、2）be （am/is/are） +going to+动词原形表意：将来发生的动作；将来存在的状态。用法：（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。例如：I wil 1 （shall） arrive tomorrow.我明天到。（主语是第人称时最好用shall）Will you be free tonight 你今晚有空吗We won t （shan， t） be busy this evening.我们今晚不忙。（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意 思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如：%订1 she come她（会）来吗（3）在以第一人称I或w

26、e作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意 见，或是询问一个情况（b）：a. Where shall we meet我们在哪儿碰头b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow 明天我们有课吗在这类问句中，近儿年来也有不少人用叭11,特别是在美国。例如：How w订1 I get there我怎么去(4) be going to+ 动词原形d.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如：We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。How are you going to spend your ho

27、lidays 假期你准备怎样过b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：I think it is going to snow.我看要下雪了。They will (are going to) meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon.If he comes back, I 11 tell him about it.(主将从现:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句 中用一般现在时来代替将来时)I will be 16 years old next week否定句：在 will 后加 not (缩写为 won t) :She won t go to pl

28、ay basketball.般疑问句：将will直接提到句首:W订1 she go to play basketball回答:Yes, she wil 1 /No, she won t特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句：Who w订1 go to play basketball常用时间状语：tomorrow, next, week, in 2012, i nt wo hours, soon, this evening , the day after tomorrow轻松练一下一. 根据中文意思，补充句子，每空填一词。1. 我打算明天和朋友去看电影。I watch a film with my fri

29、ends tomorrow.I watch a film with my friends tomorrow.2. 你明天打算干什么呢我想去踢足球。What tomorrow1 play football.或者：Whatyou do tomorrow1 play footbal 1.3. 明天将要比今天冷。Tomorrowcolder than today.4. 你们打算什么时候回广州Whenyoucome back to Guangzhou二. 用动词的正确形式填空。1. Lily(sing)an English song for us later2. I(be) 25 years old 1

30、0 years later3. My mother(cook)some delicious food tomorrow.4. Summer holiday is you(do)5. My bag is (buy)a new one this Saturday.6. I(write)a let ter this evening 7 They(have)a picnic in the park this weekend8. We(visit) the history museum next week9. He(make)a kite this Saturday.10. My uncle(fly)

31、to Shanghai tomorrow.11. you(borrow)books from the library tomorrow三. 用英语表达下列句子。1. 我打算明天去拜访我的爷爷奶奶。2. 我的爸爸和我今天晚上将要看一场足球比赛。3. 小红将要去买一支钢笔。4. 你会来我的生日聚会吗一般过去时表意：过去发生的动作；过去存在的状态。用法：一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般不 强调动作的影响，只说明的事情。句式：主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱莉娅说了儿句话

32、。He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶 To(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如：yesterday, last week , in the past , in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等. 注意 在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。He was dead in 1990.（4）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语, 而通过

33、上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked dt the captdin, and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。（5）表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always, never等连用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她是否常带着伞。）一般过去时中，动词过去式的构成规则1. 一般情况下，直接加ed。如:visit isited2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d。如：livelived3

34、. 以辅音字母+y结尾，把y改成i,加ed。如:studystudied4. 以元音字母+y结尾，直接加ed。如:playplayed5. 重读闭音节结尾的词，双写末尾字母加ed。如:stopstopped&不规则变化，如:goent否定句：主语+didn t+动词原形+其他主语+wasn， t/weren* t+其他如：I didn* t go to the park yesterday.They weren* t free yesterday.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他Was/Were+主语+其他如：Did you go to the park yesterdayYes, I

35、 did. /No, I didn t.Were they free yesterdayYes, they were. /No, they weren t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句如：Whdt did you see in the zooWho were at home last night常用时间状语：yesterday, three months ago, last week/year, in 1990例句：He always went to work by bus last year.Han Meimei was in the classroom a moment ago.When

36、did you meet him轻松试一下一. 写出下列不规则动词的过去式。am, iskeepareletbecomemakebeginmeetbiteputblowreadbuycostcatchruncomesayrideseecutsingdigsitdosleepdrawspeakdrinksweepeattakefallteachfeedtellfeelthinkflythrowforget understand get gtive wakegowearknowwinhave/haswritegrow综合练习1. Lis ten! The children (sing) in th

37、e classroom.2. The kite (be) broken last week3. Look! The woman over there (look) at you.4 Mary (visit) her grandparents next Monday.5. Miss Li (have) an English class every Tuesday.6. I (leave) for Shanghai tomorrow evening7 Joan often (catch) the bus to work8. He much about Chinese(not know)often(

38、go) to school on foot But yesterday was rainy. He (go) to schoolby bus10. My mother usually (watch) TV and (wash) clothes on Sunday morning11. I (make) a model ship with Mike last Saturday.12. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.13. your sis ter often (go) shopping?14. The boys (

39、swim) in the river now.15. What he (do) in 1990 He (be) an office worker16. Everyone in my family (be) busy now. But my brother(play) withthe cat17. Jim (go) swimming every Saturday afternoon.18. They(fly) kites last weekend19. She(watch) TV on Sundays, but this Sunday, she(do)20. What day(be) it ye

40、sterday21. Dont talk We(have) a lesson.22. Who(teach) you Chinese this term Mr Green.23. He (see) a ten-yuan note on the ground just now.24. They (live) in a small town last year, but this year, they (move) toa city.25. Ben and his cousin (catch) some insects in the park yesterday.26. Look, the boys

41、 (sit) quietly.27. March (come) after February.28. Listen! The girls (sing) in the next room29. Its ten to eight My mother (wash) clothes30. you always(have) bread for supper No, I 31. there an umbrella behind the door Yes, there 32.Whatyour brother(do) on Sunday He(make)a doll33.you(go) to the cine

42、ma last night Yes, he34.Whatare they doing They(shop)35.his classmate usually(read) English in the morning单项选择。()climbing mountainsA. likeB likesCliking)B. doesand JackA.dosome reading every day.brotherhard.A. studyB.studysC studiesdoesn tanymoney now. A haveB.hasC havings English teacherhim questio

43、ns veryoften.A. askB. asksC askingand Mayexercise under the tree now.A. takeB. are takingC takingam going toa soldier 10 years later.A. walksB. walkingC. walkwillvery cold tomorrow.A. beB.C goingto beoftenexercise on Thursdaydfternoon.A. takesB. is talkingC. isgoing totakeA. drinkscanlot of cold wat

44、er justB. drinkednow.C drankdifferent animals in the zoo. A. seeB. sawC. seeing12. The trainat about 10:00 last night A.leavesB.leavingC.leftwillwater the flower later.A. waterB watersC.watering14. Kenthe Night Zoo by bus next Sunday.A is going to visitB. visitsC.visiting),the childrenin the park.A.

45、 are having fun B is having fun C are goingto have fun()16、Mr Browntomorrow.A goes fishing B. will go fishing C.go fishing)17.the children visiting the museum now A. AreB. DoC. Can()18.When does your classesA. startB startsC open()your brothertowork last Sunday?A.does, goB did, goC did, went()20.Mv parentslunchat 12:00. A haveB hasC .with大小联盟0613年真题1. 用括号中所给动词的适当时态填空1. My father (like)(play) basketbal 1.2. What about (play) football now3. Miss Li lives on the (two) floor in this buildingmany(sh