外研版英语高二年级必修五重要知识点梳理

1、高二必修五知识点梳理Module 1 British and American English重点词汇：accent , obvious, queue, confusing, compare, variety, remark, variationsteadily, switch, satellite, structure,重点短语1. have in common 有共同点2. make a difference有影响； 使不同3. get around 四处走走4. compare with/to 和比较5. differ from 与不同6. be similar to与.不同7. hav

2、e difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难8. lead to 导致9. have sth. in common 与某人兴趣、想法相同长难句解析1. This non-stop communication , the experts think , has madeit easier forBritish people and Americans to understand each other.专家认为,这种不间断的交流使英美人之间的相互理解变得更容易.当不定式、动名词或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时如 mak0 find , see, hear等,为保持句子平

3、衡,常用it 作形式宾 语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾.其结构为：主语+谓语动词+ it + 形容词/名词/代词+不定式/动名词/从句.it后面的形容词或名词 作宾补.2. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences.当著名的爱尔兰作家萧伯纳说出“英国和美国是

4、被一种常见的语言分 割开来的两个国家 一番话时,很明显他考虑了两者之间的差异.that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a commorlanguage是同位语从句,用来说明前面的名词 remark的 内容.语法通关一、一般现在时1 .表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually , always , sometimes , often , frequently , every day/week/year/morning.on Sunday等时间状语连用.二、现在进行时2 .表示现在说话瞬间正

5、在进行或发生的动作.3 .表示说话人现在对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶等4 .表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.说话时动作不一定正在进行三、现在完成时1 .表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.2 .表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在包括“现在在内的一段时间的状语连用 四、一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 soon , tomorrowmorning. , next week/year. , someday, from nowon, the day after tomorrow , in the future等表

6、示将来的时间状语连用.Module 2 A Job Worth Doing重点词汇：satisfying, stressful, volunteer, respect, direct, encounter, profound, qualified重点短语1. in particular 尤其;特别2. on average 平均3. come off掉离；脱离4. in theory 理论上；从理论上讲5. in practice 实际上6. have an effect on 对产生影响7. take up从事；占据时间、空间8. pass by 路过；经过9. take for grant

7、ed 认为理所当然长难句解析1. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand.每天早晨,他手里都拿着一个大圆板爬上弯道.此句中的 with a large circular board in his hand是 with 复合结构的一种形式：with +宾语+介词短语,在句中作状语,表状态.除介词短语作宾补外,还可以用形容词,副词,过去分词,现在分词,动词不定式.2. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off t

8、he road at a bend and fell three hundred meters down the mountain. 当他正开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候,他连人带车翻到了 300多米深的山崖下.本句中的when为并列连词,表示就在那时的意思,相当于and at that time , be doing.when. 的意思为“正在这时.3. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school , most of whom were from Germany

9、.他们告诉我这所学校里有50名外国学生学习汉语,大多数来自德国. 本句中someof which引导的是非限制性定语从句,是介词+ “关系 代词结构,表示“人,关系代词用 whom表示“物,关系代词 用which.在这种情况下,不能使用人称代词.语法通关一般过去时1 .表示在确定的过去时间内发生的动作或状态.2 .表示过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作3 .描述几个相继发生的过去动作4 .有时动词的一般过去时形式上为过去,而实际上却指现在,即“原来想的与现在的实际情况不相符.过去进行时1 .表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作.2 .表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作.3 .表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要

10、发生的4 .表示礼貌,并不表示过去的时间,而表达现在的客气或礼貌.三、过去完成时1 .表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经完成的动作,常用 by , before等介词短语或状语从句表示.2 .表示过去某一时间以前的经历,常与 for , since引导的表示过 去的时间状语连用.Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema重点词汇：Biography, fantasy, account, companion, lie, panic, curious,tie, frightterrified, adventure, thriller, horr

11、or重点短语1. have no connection 与. 无关2. run away 逃跑3. ahead of在.前面；提前4. pour down倾盆而下5. to one ' s surprise 使某人惊奇的是6. be curious about 对感到好奇7. have enough of听够、看够、吃够、受够8. die of fright 惊吓而死9. run into 偶然遇到10. in a panic 惊恐的长难句解析1. But I persuaded him to help me and we found the med s boat tied to th

12、e other side of the steamboat.但我还是说服他帮我,我们发现那两人的船就紧贴在汽艇的另一边.本句中的 tied to the other side of the steamboat为过去分词短语作宾语补足语,和宾语the men' s boat之间存在逻辑动宾关系. 动词不定式、形式和过去分词都可以用作宾语补足语.2. He arrived in NewOrleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.他身无分文地到达新奥

13、尔良时,却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了.本句中的 only to find that there were no boats for South America为动词不定式短语作结果状语.表示“意外的,意想不到的的结果, 而作状语,表示“自然而然的结果.不定式常用作目的状语,相当 于in order to do形式的用法.语法通关一、非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的非谓语形式.它们不能在句中充当谓语,可充 当其他语法功能,可以起名词、形容词或副词的作用,在句子中充当 主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语和状语.1 .非谓语动词作主语2 .非谓语动词作表语3 .非谓语动词作宾语4 .非谓语动词作宾语补足语、

14、主语补足语5 .非谓语动词作定语6 .非谓语动词作状语Module 4 Carnival重点词汇：confusion, extend, revive, elegant, magic, memory, pretend,wandercalendar, atmosphere, abolish重点短语1. come to an end 完结2. dress up装扮；化装3. have fun玩的愉快4. on end连续的5. date back to 追溯到6. in secret 秘密的7. in memory of 为了纪念.8. pass on 传递9. come off 脱落长难句解析1.

15、 As time goes on , it ' s getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了.句中as引导时间状语从句,表示“随着的意思,表示主句和从句 的谓语动词的动作同时发生.该状语从句也可以用 with time passing 替换.2. .they painted their faces white , imitating their masters and making fun of them.他们把脸涂白,模仿他们的主人来取笑他们.本句中 imitating their masters and making fun of t

16、hem为 v.-ing形式做伴随状语.伴随状语的动作一般和谓语动词的动作同时发 生.语法通关英语的及物动词有两种语态主动语态和被动语态.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的执行者；被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者.被动语态由助动词be+动词的过去分词构成.助动词be随主语有人称、数和时态变化.Module 5 The Great Sports Personality重点词汇：athletics, bat, track, trainer, retire, perform, brand, advantage, designergymnast重点短语1. do athletics做田径运动2. as well

17、 as 除之外又3. make a list of 列清单4. be determined to do下定决心做某事5. come onto the market 商品上市,商品开始出售6. on the increase 正在增力口7. have an advantage over 比有优势8. every ten seconds 每十秒钟9. make mone哪钱10. achieve an ambition 实现志愿长难句解析1. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport , Li

18、 Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.但即使是他已经赢得了在自己运开工程上所能赢得的一切,李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退了役.even though/even if可以引导让步状语从句,意为“纵使；即使也,可以放在句首,也可以放在句中或句末.引导的状语从句中, 用一般现在时表示将来.2. But it was this sense of failure that made him determinedto succeed in his new life.但就是这种失败感使他决心在他的新的生活中取得成功.本句为强调句型,是对主语this

19、 sense of failure 的强调.其常见 句式为：it is/was +被强调局部+ that/who +其余局部.3. Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2021 Olympics , they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.2021年奥运会时,中国运发动将身穿李宁牌运动服步入奥运会会场.whenever用来引导让步状语从句.表示“无论何时的意思,相当于no matter when whenever还可以表示“的时候；每次和“究竟何时的意思.when用来引

20、导时间状语从句,表示“当 时候或引导定语从句,在从句中作时间状语.而whenever, “无论何时引导的是让步状语从句.语法通关状语从句一、 时间状语从句二、条件状语从句三、让步状语从句四、地点状语从句五、原因状语从句六、结果状语从句七、目的状语从句八、方式状语从句九、比较状语从句Module 6 Animals in Danger重点词汇：endanger, reserve, habitat, extinct, struggle, protect, worth, ideal, confiscate, condition重点短语1. thanks to 由于；幸亏2. according to

21、 根据3. give one ' s life to 为献身4. on the spot 在现场5. come into fashion开始流行起来6. raid on a ship突击搜查一家商7. get tough with 对采取强硬举措8. on condition that 在条件下9. be worth doing 值得做某事10. in the meanwhile 同时长难句解析1. Although surprised , the poachers had an advantage there were more of them.尽管偷猎者们很吃惊,但他们占有优势一一他们人多.although surprised 是状语从句 although they were surprised 的省 略形式.2. International co - operation seems to be working.国际合作似乎正在进行.本句话为seem跟动词不定式形式作宾语,在使用时,要注意动词不 定式的时态.一般式to do 一般动作,和谓语同时发生；进行式to be doing 谓 语发生时该动作正