中英对照术语表

1、序号英文名称中文名称1 Aggregate总量2 Aggregate demand curve总需求曲线3 Aggregate supply curve总供给曲线4 Appreciation升值5 Arbitrage套利6 Balance sheet资产负债表7 Balanced budget平衡预算8 Balanced trade平衡贸易9 Bond债券10 Budget constaint预算限制11 Budget deficit预算赤字12 Budget surplus预算盈余13 Business Cycle经济周期14 Business fixed investment企业固定投资1

2、5 Capital资本16 Central Bank中央银行17 Classical dichotomy古典二分法18 Classical model古典模型19 Closed Economy封闭经济20 Cobb-Douglas production function科布-道格拉斯生产函数21 Competition竞争22 Costant return to scale规模收益不变23 Consumer price index消费价格指数24 Consumption消费25 Comsumption function消费函数26 Contractionary policy紧缩政策27 Def

3、lation通货紧缩28 Demand deposits活期存款29 Demand-shocks需求冲击30 Depreciation折旧，贬值31 Depression萧条32 Diminishing marginal product边际产品递减33 Discount rate贴现率34 Discounting贴现35 Elasticity弹性36 Endogenous variable内生变量37 Equlibrium均衡38 Excess reserves超额准备金39 Exogenous variable外生变量40 Expansinary policy扩张性政策41 Exports出

4、口42 Factor of production生产要素43 Factor price要素价格44 Factor share要素份额45 Federal Reserve美联储46 Fiat money法定货币47 Financial intermediation金融中介48 Fiscal policy财政政策49 Fixed exchange rate固定汇率50 Flexible prices伸缩性价格51 Floating exchange rate浮动汇率52 Flow流量53 GDP国内生产总值54 GDP deflatorGDP平减指数55 General equilibrium一般

5、均衡56 Government purchases政府购买57 GNP国民生产总值58 Hyperinflation超速通货膨胀59 Imports进口60 Inffierence curve无差异曲线61 Inflation通货膨胀62 Interest rate利率63 Inventory investment存货投资64 Investment投资65 Labor force劳动力66 Labor-force participation rate劳动参与率67 Large open economy大型开放经济68 Liquidity流动性69 Liquidity constraint流动性

6、限制70 Loanable funds可贷资金71 Marginal product of capital资本边际产量72 Marginal product of labor,MPL劳动的边际产量73 Marginal propencity to consume,MPC边际消费倾向74 Marginal rate of substitution,MRS边际替代率75 Market-clearing model市场出清模型76 Medium of exchange交换媒介77 Menu cost菜单成本78 Model模型79 Monetary base基础货币80 Monetary neutr

7、ality货币中性81 Monetary policy货币政策82 Money货币83 Money demand function货币需求函数84 National income accounting国民收入核算85 National income accounts identity国民收入核算恒等式86 National saving国民储蓄87 Natural rate of unemployment自然失业率88 Net capital outflow资本净流出89 Net exports净出口90 Net foreign investment国外净投资91 Net investment

8、净投资92 Nominal名义的93 Nominal exchange rate名义汇率94 Nominal interest rate名义利率95 Open economy开放经济96 Open-market operations公开市场业务97 Phillips curve菲利普斯曲线98 Present value现值99 Private saving私人储蓄100 Production function生产函数101 Profit利润102 Public saving公共储蓄103 Quota配额104 Real实际的105 Real exchange rate实际汇率106 Real

9、 interest rate实际利率107 Real money balances实际货币余额108 Recession衰退109 Rental price of capital资本的租赁价格110 Reserve requirements法定准备金率111 Reserves准备金112 Residental investment居住投资113 Saving储蓄114 Seigniorage金（银）币铸造税115 Shock冲击116 Shoe-leather cost鞋底成本117 Small open economy小型开放经济118 Stabilization policy稳定政策119 Stagflation滞胀120 Steady state稳定状态121 Sticky prices黏性价格122 Stock存量，股票123 Stock market股票市场124 Supply shocks供给冲击125 Tariff关税126 Trade balance贸易余额127 Transfer payments转移支付128 Underground economy地下经济1