最新高考英语名词基础练习测试题

1、最新高考英语名词基础练习测试题一、单项选择名词1 There is a general among teachers about the need for greater security inschools.A commitmentB compositionC calculationD consensus【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：教师们普遍认为有必要加强学校的安全。A. commitment 承诺，保证；B.composition 作文； C. calculation 计算，估计；D. consensus 一致，舆论。根据amongteachers about the nee

2、d for greater security in schools 可知，这是普遍的“舆论 ”。故选D。2 On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan goods on its ecommerce platforms T and TMall, making headlines all over the world.A sum of B value forC worth of D profit for【答案】C【解析】【详解】考名词短语辨析。 A. sum of的总和；B. value for物有所值（多形容质量）； C. wo

3、rth of 值的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100 多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。3 场景、场面（ 着重人物的活动）4 An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good .A scene B sceneryC sight D view【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene情景8. scene

4、ry景色 C. sight景象 D. view风景。view风景”普遍用语，指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意，故D 选项正确。【点睛】Scene:1.某地的景色、风景，指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分5 Some netizens use “ beat a call ” as an to “ cheering for ” to show their approval or support for others.A alternative B accountC apology D acquaintance【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些网民用“打 cal

5、l 代替” “为之欢呼”来表示对他人的赞赏或支持。 A. alternative 供替代的选择；B. account 描述； C. apology 道歉； D. acquaintance 熟人。故选A。6 Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect the extraordinaryfrom them tohelp rebuild the economy.A category B commitment C component D competence【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. category 种类； B. commi

6、tment 承诺，保证；C. component 成分，组件；D. competence 能力，胜任。句意：现在银行已经恢复了元气，我们希望他们能做出非凡的承诺，帮助重建经济。结合句意可知答案为B。7 We most prefer to say yes to the of someone we know and like.A attemptsB requestsC doubtsD promises【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt尝试； B. request 请求； C.doubts 怀疑； D.promises

7、承诺。根据句意故选B。【名师点睛】本题的关键信息是 say yeg根据情理判断，我们会对他人的要求、求助说yes,把四个选项意思弄清楚，就不难选出答案了。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。8 The Taiyuan subway is underA productionC destination【答案】Band next year it will be put in use.B constructionD permission【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：太原地铁正在建设中，明年将投入使用。A. production 表示

8、 “生产 ”； B. construction 表示 “建设 ”， be under construction 表示正在建设中；C. destination 表示 “目的地 ”、 “终点 ”； D. permission 表示 “允许 ”、 “许可 ”。故选B。9 Please read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A explanationsB instructionsC descriptionsD introductions【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：请阅读瓶子上的说明，并服用适量的药物。

9、A. explanations 解释； B.instructions 说明； C. descriptions 描述； D. introductions 介绍。由“ take the right amount ofmedicine. 可知，应该按照瓶子上的说明服用适量的药物。所以 ”instructions 说明 “ ”符合句意。故 B 选项正确。10 $300, and that s my last offer.OK. It is a .A chargeB priceC costD deal【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 300 美元，这是我最后的报价。 好的，成交。A.

10、charge要价；B. price价格；C. cost花费，费用；D. deal交易。It is a deal.意为 成交“，是固定表达。故选D 项。11 I have absolutely no the students who get caught cheating in exams even thoughthey were seriously punished.A impact onB sympathy forC concern aboutD complaint about【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我绝对不同情那些考试作弊被抓的学生，即使他们受到了严厉的惩罚。 A.

11、impact on 影响； B. sympathy for 同情； C. concern about 担心；关心；D. complaintabout投诉；对抱怨。根据句意可知选Bo12 I can t say which one is best it spersonal taste.C a manner ofD a matter ofA a lack ofB a means of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：我无法说哪一个最好-这是个人品味问题。A. a lack of 缺乏；B. a means of方式，方法；C. a manner of方式；D. a matter o

12、f的问题。根据句意可得知D选项符合题意。故选D。13 Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely.A recipeB recordC rangeD reflection【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 能告诉我你幸福长寿的秘诀吗？ 一定每天都过得充实。A. recipe秘诀；食谱；B. record记录；C. range范围；D. reflection反射；沉思。根据句意故选A。14 Some people experience shy

13、ness as a to communication, but this can be brokendown gradually.A conflict B taboo C barrier D delay【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：有些人觉得羞怯成为交际上的障碍,但这是可以逐渐克服的。分析选项：conflict冲突，矛盾；taboo禁忌；barrier屏障；障碍；delay耽搁；延迟。可知 C符合题意，故选C。15 The trip to Yangzhou is impressive thanks to free access to tourist attractions, i

14、sn Well, free access is just an added and the real attraction lies in its local-flavor food.A bonusB chargeC rewardD prize【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. bonus 奖金，红利；额外令人高兴的事情；B. charge 费用，控告；C.reward 报酬； D. prize 奖品。句意：扬州之旅令人印象深刻，因为可以免费进入旅游景点，不是吗?嗯，免费进入只是一个额外的好处，真正吸引人的是它的地方风味食品。故选 A。16 Students and teachers g

15、ather together for a morning each Monday toattend the ceremony of raising the national flag.A inspection B inscriptionC assembly D commitment【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：每周一，学生和老师们齐聚一堂，参加升旗仪式。A. inspection 检查；B. inscription 题词；C. assembly 集合；D. commitment 承诺，根据题意，故选C。17 During the Song Dynasty, people pla

16、yed a game called cuju, which is regarded as the of ancient football.A resourceB causeC originD reason【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在宋朝，人们玩一种被称为蹴鞠的游戏，它被认为是古代足球的起源。A. resource 资源；B. cause原因；事业；C. origin起源；D. reason原因；足球是由古代的蹴鞠演变而来，也就是说蹴鞠是足球的起源。根据句意可知C 项正确。18 According to the bank rules released recently,

17、you have to pay a 25% on eachcheque you cash.A admissionB pensionC allowanceD commission【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据银行最近公布的规定，你每兑现一张支票必须付25%的手续费。 A. admission 承认； B. pension 抚恤金；C. allowance 津贴； D. commission 佣金；手续费。兑现支票必须付25%的手续费。故答案为D。19 Most of his works didn t gain the international they deserved

18、 until his death.A reputationB impressionC recognitionD measure【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到他去世，他的大部分作品都没有得到应有的国际认可。A.reputation 名誉，名声；B. impression 印象； C. recognition 承认，识别；D. measure 测量。结合句意故选C。20 It makes no to me whether he will go to the city or not. Anyhow, I will go.A thingB differenceC matterD

19、 affair【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去不去城里对我来说没什么影响。不管怎样，我都会去。A. thing 事物； B. difference 不同； C. matter 事情，问题；D. affair 事件，事务。make no difference to对无影响，符合句意，故选 B。21. We felt it would be a good experience for our children to grow up seeing other cultures and learning to love others as a(n) .A companyB rem

20、inderC equalD hero【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为，让孩子在成长的过程中接触到其他文化并学会平等地爱别人是很好的体验。A. company 公司； B. reminder 提醒； C. equal 同等的人，相等物；D. hero英雄。as an equal相当于equally,修饰love others,意为 平等地爱别人”，故选C。22. In spite of being in great , the three injured football players managed to score agoal playing as a team.

21、A painB additionC controlD charge【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管非常痛苦，这三名受伤的足球运动员努力为团队进球得分。 A. pain 痛苦； B. addition 增加； C. control 控制； D. charge 充电。根据后句“ the threeinjured football players可知三名运动员受伤，结合语境可知A项pain痛苦”切合题意。故选 A 项。23. Be sure to read the in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer

22、.A instructionsBsolutionC descriptionsD message【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A.instructions 指示，说明；B. solution 解决方法；C. descriptions 描述；D. message信息。结 合句意可知，此处用说明"符合语境，故选 A项。24. The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal _is needed to better protect the envir

23、onment.A. currencyB. frameworkC. allowanceD. occupation【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：会议上的报告详细分析了为什么需要一个新的法律框架来整好地保护环境。A. currency 通货；B. framework 框架；C. allowance 津贴；D. occupation 职业。根据语境和各选项分析可知，故 B项正确。25. No has proved that eating too much is the main cause of the weight problem.A. doubtB. wonderC.

24、evidenceD. belief【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：没有证据表明吃的过多是引起体重问题的主要原因。A. doubt疑问；B. wonder难怪；C. evidence证据；D. belief信念。根据句意理解，没有证据可以证明肥胖问题的原因这种说法比较通顺容易理解。故选 C项。26. Tony had prepared carefully for his English examination so that he could be sure of passing it on his first.A. intentionB. attemptC. purpos

25、eD. desire【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：托尼为英语考试做了认真的准备，这样他第一次就能通过考试。A.intention 意图；B. attempt 尝试；C. purpose 目标，故意；D. desire 欲望，想要。短语 onone' s first attemp意为 某人的第一次尝试”，结合句子意思比较通顺。故选 B项。27 The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my .A scene B sightC view D scenery【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. scene情景；B. sight视力、视野；C. view角度；D. scenery风景。句意：那个足球总能让我想起我在那场比赛中犯的错误，所以我把它放