初中被动语态语法讲解

1、初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语 态 分 类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。(二) 常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时： am / is / are + donePeople grow rice in the so

2、uth of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.2. 一般过去时：was / were + done The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.3. 一般将来时：shall / will + be doneThey will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.4. 过去将来时：should / would

3、+ be doneThe workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + doneWe are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：was / were + being + doneThis time last year we were plan

4、ting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：have / has + been + doneHe has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：had + been + donePeople had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader9.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be

5、+动词的过去分词You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class.（三) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。 These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken

6、by Paul.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。 These cars were made in China.(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers. A special class to hel

7、p poor readers was set up in the school.一、单项选择。( )1. One or two man-made satellites _ in our country every year. A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up( )2. Our TV set _ yesterday. A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired( )3. A new build

8、ing _ in our school next year. A. will be built B. is built C. is being built D. has been built( )4. Many books on science _ since I went to college. A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought( )5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow. A. has been given B. is given C

9、. is being given D. will be given( )6. How _ the Great Pyramid (金字塔)_ many years ago without modern machines. A. isbuilt B. wouldbe built C. havebeen built D. wasbuilt( ) Food and clothes _ by women.A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about( )8. _ the

10、work _ yet ? A. isfinished B. Willbe finished C. Has been finished D. Wouldbe finished( )Such films _ by children like you.A. must be not seen B. must not be see C. must not seen D. must not be seen( )10.Trees _ in winter but in spring.A. not can be planted B. can be not planted C. cant be planted D

11、. can not be plant( )11.This kind of cars _ in Japan ten years ago. A. can only be made B. could only made C. be could only made D. could only be made( ) Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ by others.A. islaughed B. is laughed at C. waslaughed D. hasbeen laughed at( )13.The bear _

12、to the zoo tomorrow morning. A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent( )14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city. A. are put up B. have put up C. have been put D. have been put up( )15. Such films _ by children like you. A. must be not seen B. must not be see

13、 C. must not seen D. must not be seen二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。1. Some top students _(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.2.More and more schools _(build) here later.3. Where are the apples? I think they _(eat) by those boys.4.Many new things _(invent) in the last ten years.5.All the shoes _(sel

14、l) out last week.6.How long _ the book _(can keep)?7. Tom _ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _(not find) easily.8.The babies here _(take) good care of every day.9. We _(open) the box and two new coats _(see) in it.10. His new novel _ (finish) next week.中考被动语态考题1.The river smells terrible. P

15、eople must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考题）A arent take away B taken awayC isnt taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (

16、黄冈市中考题）4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题） _ _ _ another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态5.People there planted many trees last year. Many trees _ _ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题）6. They grow vegetables on the farm. Vegetables _ _on the f

17、arm（上海市中考题）三 根据短文意思填空English _(be) very widely _(use). It _(speak) by people in England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It _(be) one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business letters _(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines _(write) in English, too. If you _(know) English, you _(find) you c