高考英语核心词汇讲和练(18)

1、高考英语核心词汇 700讲与练 Day 21401. measure /?me?r)/ v.测/度/计/彳/衡量；n.度量单位，计量标准；措施，办法【拓展】be measured by/in 用来衡量take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事measure for 为量 一 make a measure for sb/sthto one' measure 按照某人尺寸make . to one's measure按某人的尺寸做 【例句】Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination resu

2、lts.教育不应该纯粹以考试成绩来衡量。 You should take effective measures to improve your workers' working conditions.你们应该采取有效措施改善你们工人的工作环境。 In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming. 过 去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。【点津】measure作名词表示 措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示宥长/宽/高”时，为不及物

3、动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。【串t己】 To know the measurement of the spaceship you should take some measures to measure it by yourself.要知道这个飞船的尺寸，你需要自己采取措施测量。402. meet /mi:t/(met , met) vt.遇见，见到，结识；迎接；遭遇 ；满足，达到；n.会，集会【拓展】meet one ' s need/requirement/standard足某人的需meeting n.见/会面；会议；机会；运动会要sp

4、orts meeting 运动会meet with偶然遇到；碰到；遭受；和会面hold a meeting开会.举行会议meet up with 遇见，赶上【例句】She is the girl whom you meet at the airport.她就是你在机场遇见的那个女孩。【串t己】 Yesterday I met with Jack.Ma and we had a meeting in which I put up with some suggestions which meethis requirements of improving Tao Bao.昨天我和马云见面了，我们开了

5、会，会上我提出的建议符合他改进淘宝的需求。mention 'men?n v.& n .提到，涉及；说起【拓展】(1)mention doing sth.提到做某事Don't mention it.不要客气/不用谢/没关系。mention sth.to sb.(2) make (no) mention of (没)提及，(没)提到向某人提及mention to sb. that .not to mention = without mentioning 更不必说，更谈不上【例句】 In the interview, the singer mentioned her chil

6、dhood to the journalist. 在采访过程中，歌手向记者提 及了她的童年时代。The boy is good at advanced mathematics, not to mention such an easy problem. 这男孩连高等数学都擅长， 更不用说这么简单的问题了。Whenever mention playing football, he says he's too busy.我一跟他提踢足球的事，他就说太忙。mess/mes/ n.混乱；混杂；脏乱 v.弄糟；弄乱；妨碍【拓展】in a mess乱七八糟，繁乱改，胡闹；开玩笑make a mess

7、 of把弄糟mess up把弄糟（弄舌L, 弄脏 ）mess about（around）混日子，消磨时间；干预，篡mess with干预，打扰【例句】I've never seen so much mess and disorder!我从来没见过这么乱七八糟的样子。Ten the boys to stop messing up the room.告诉那些男孩们别把屋子弄乱了。403. mind /ma?nd/ n.头脑，心；思维，智力；心思，想法； v.介意，关心；注意，小心 （watch） 【拓展】mind doing sth.介意做某事 bear/keep in mind 记住;

8、怀; 挂心 change one ' s min®某人的想法 come into one ' s nmnd 想至Uhave sb./sth. in mind 担心某人 /某事 make up one ' s mind人下定决心 on one ' s mind心事)在心头mind your own business 另1J多管闲事 never mind没有关系，不要记在心上 absent-minded a.健忘的，心不在焉的 single-minded a.专一的；诚心的；纯真的 open-minded a思想开明的；无偏见的 mindful a.留心的

9、，注意的；警觉的 mindless a.愚笨的；不小心的；无意识的Would/Do you mind + one （宾格）/ones + doing sth.?表示请求允许或询问对方是否介意自己或别人做某事。Would you mind + if从句？（从句中要用一般过去时 ）Do you mind + if从句？（从句中常用一般现在时）表示询问对方是否介意某人做某事。【例句】 There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind .各种念头在我脑海中闪过。Would you mind my asking you/if I asked

10、 you a private question ?你是否介意我问你一个私人问题吗？【串t己】 An open-minded person doesn' mean that he or she is mindless , on the contrary an open-mindedperson can be very mindful . 一个思想开明的人，并不意味着他（她）是一个愚笨的人，相反地这个人可能非常警觉。minority ma?n?r?ti n .少数民族；少数【拓展】(1)a/the minority of 少数的 be in the/a minority 占少数（2）maj

11、ority n. 多数，多半a/the majority of 的大多数be in the/a majority 占多数【例句】 Only a minority of America households don't have a car. 美国只有少数家庭没有汽车。We are in the minority on this issue.在这件事情上我们占少数。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分损失容易补救。【点津】minority/majority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语

12、 动词用复数形式；a/the minority/majority of +n.作主语时，谓语动词视 of后名词的单复数而定。404. miss /m&/v.未击中；错过；未领会；躲开，避过；想/怀念【拓展】miss doing sth.错过/想念做某事missing a.失去的；下落不明的miss out遗漏；（被）略去；错过机会【例句】 We have missed you badly since you were gone .自你走后我们非常惦念你。【串记】I miss my missing pet, it was my fault that I miss out the oppo

13、rtunity to get it back.我想念我丢失的那只宠物了，是我的错，是我错过了将它找回来的机会。405. mistake /m?ste?k/ （mistook , mistaken） n.错/失误；vt.弄错，误会【拓展】mistake for 把误认为make a mistake 犯错误by mistake错误地；无意中（做了错事）mistaken a.弄错的，理解错误的；错误的【例句】He always makes spelling mistakes .他总是犯拼写错误。【串记】 Lily was mistaken by her teacher Lucy because Lu

14、cy opened the wrong box by mistake. 莉莉被她的老 师露西误解了，因为露西错误地打开了盒子。406. mix /m?<s/ v.（使）混/融/掺合,搅拌；调制/配;交往【拓展】mix sth. with sth.把某物与某物混合起来mixed adj.混合的，混杂的mix with sth.与某物相融合be mixed with 与 混合在一起mix up混淆，弄乱；搅匀mixture n.混合，混杂；混杂的事物mix . up with . 把和搞混了【例句】 He is famous for mixing Chinese musical tradit

15、ions with western forms and instrumentation. 他因把中国的音乐传统和西方的音乐形式和乐器演奏融合在一起而闻名。 Shake the bottle well so that the oil mixes with the vinegar.充分摇动瓶子使油和醋混合。 It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的弟弟搞混了是常有的事，因为他们是双胞胎。【串记】Oil and water do not mix however alcohol can

16、 mix with water.油和水不相融然而酒精和水可以相融。407. mood /mu:d/ n.心境；情绪；语气；气氛【拓展】be in the mood for sth . /（to do sth.）有做某事的心情moody a.不高兴的，忧郁的；喜怒无常的 change one's mood 转变心情【例句】I'm not in the mood for reading（to read）我没有心情看书。【串记】 Tom is a moody cat sometimes he is in the mood to do anything sometimes he has

17、 no mood to doanything.汤姆是一只喜怒无常的猫儿，有时他有心情做任何事，有时做什么事都没有心情。【辨析】mood 一般用词，表示心理上暂时的、一时的状态，由某种感情或欲望所控制的心情、情绪，也指由于一时的欲望而产生想做某事的心思；temper（性情、情绪）指由一种感情所支配的情绪，即性情、脾气，也指某人解决问题时的心情，特别是动怒的情况emotion（情绪、情感）指人受到某种刺激，心理上或生理上发生的强烈的激动，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。408. move /mu:v/ v.移动，搬动，搬家；感动 n.移/彳f /搬动【拓展】move about走来走去move away离去，

18、迁走move on继续前进出发moving a.活动的，可移动的；感人的moved a.受感动的movement n. 运动; 活动; 动作; 乐章【例句】 I can hear somebody moving about upstairs .我听见楼上有人在不停地走动。One false move loses the whole game. 一着不慎，满盘皆输。【串记】 Lyn is moved by a moving film which tells a couple keeps moving around the world fighting for themovement of lib

19、eration.琳被一部感人的电影感动了，电影中讲述了一对情侣为解放运动环游世界进行斗争。narrow /'n?r ?/ adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.（使）变窄；缩小(1)narrow- minded adj.心胸狭窄的(2)narrow down缩小的范围a narrow escape死里逃生，险些遇难narrow .to .把局限在之内勉强地a narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多数 /险胜/勉强(3)narrowly adv.击败【例句】The young man has won the election by a narrow majori

20、ty.这个年轻人以微弱多数赢得了这次选举。DThe heavy traffic crawled through the narrow tunnel.拥挤的车辆慢吞吞地穿过狭窄的隧道。D Last year I had a narrow escape, so I don't want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生, 因止匕我不想 再去冒生命危险了。There are easy ways to narrow down your choice. 有简单的方法来缩/、你的选择范围。409. nation/?ne?/ n.民族；国家 /民【拓展】na

21、tional a.国家的；国有的；国民的nationality n.国籍；国家；民族性;部落international a.国际的；两国（或以上）国家的【例句】 No agreement was reached between the two nations.两国未能达成协议。The Chinese nation is a great nation in the world .中华民族是世界上伟大的民族。【串t己】 People from different nationalities speak for their own nations and want to have their own

22、 right on the international stage.来自不同国家的人民都为他们的民族发言，都希望在国际舞台上有自己的权力。410. natur e /?ne?7r）/ n.大自然；天 /本性；性质【拓展】by nature生来，天生in the course of nature自然而然地，正常地from nature根据实物（景），写生地all nature万物，人人in nature本质上，本性【例句】Nature is stronger than education .本性难移。【串记】In nature people can ' t live withounatu

23、re however nature can exist without human. 事实上人不能没 有自然而生存，然而没有人自然可以存在。411. necessary /?nes?s?ri/ a.必需的，必要的（同 essential）;必然的【拓展】it is necessary for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是if necessary若有需要必要的。necessarily ad.必定，必然地，必要地it is necessary that （should）do、要他（某事necessity n.需要；必然性；必需品be necessary to对是必要的【例句】If

24、 necessary , you can contact me at home.必要的话，我在家时你也可以和我联系。【串记】It ' necessary for the students to study hard. It is necessary that they should try their best to prepare the college entrance examination, if necessary, they need extra study time. 学生努力学习是很有必要的, 他们有必 要尽他们最大的努力去学习，如果有必要的话，他们需要额外的学习时间。

25、412. need /ni:d/ n. & a.需要，必要【拓展】need to do sth.需要做某事need doing/to be done 需要被in need在危难中；在穷困中的needn ' t have done sth不必做某事的there is no need （for sb.） to do sth.（某人）没必要做meet/satisfy one ' s need（S人的需要have need to（do）必须,务必 needy a.贫困的；贫穷的；生活艰苦的in case of need 在困窘时【例句】 There is a great nee

26、d for us to learn a foreign language well in the modern society.在现代社会， 学好 一门外语对我们来说是非常必要的。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。【串记】 We need to do something to help the people in need, for example, the houses need to be repaired so we need to buy something to meet their needs but there is no

27、 need for us to buy these toys.我们需要做一些事情来帮助这些需要帮助的人，例如这些房子需要修缮所以我们需要买些东西满足他们，但是我们没有必要买这 些玩具啊。413. next / nekst/ a.最近的，紧挨着的，隔壁的；下一次；ad.随/然后，下一步；n.下一个人/物【拓展】in the next place其次，第二next to（用于否定词之前）几乎，差不多；紧挨着next door to在隔壁，几乎，近乎，差不多next to impossible几乎不可能的【例句】It ' s next to impossible to drive in th

28、is traffic在交通这样拥挤的情况下几乎无法驾车行驶。【串记】 Lily is the next student to walk into the room next to the reading rom.莉莉是下一个进入阅读室旁边房间的学生。415. noise /n?2/ n.噪声，喧闹声【拓展】make a noise 喧哗，吵闹make a noise about 抱怨make a noise in the world名噪一时noisy a.嘈杂的；喧闹的；充满噪音的make noises议论纷纷noisily ad.吵闹地；喧喧嚷嚷【例句】 We had to put up w

29、ith a lot of noise when the children were at home.孩子们在家时，他们吵吵嚷嚷我们 也得忍受。【串记】 The children play noisily , I can ' t stand those so I don ' t want to live in thinoisy place. 孩子们吵闹 地玩着，我不能忍受这些噪音，所以我不想住在这个吵闹的地方。416. normal /?n?:ml/ n. & a.正常的（状态）；健全的【拓展】go back/return to normal 变得 /恢复正常normal

30、ly ad.正常地；通常地，一般地；按说abnormal a.反常的，异常的；不规则的；变态的【例句】He is reported as saying that the situation is already back to normal.据报道，他曾说局势已恢复正常。【串记】 His temperature finally went back to normal, but his abnormal behavior still remains. 他的体温终于变得正常了，但是他的行为仍然不正常。417. note /n?t/ n.便条；笔记，注释；钞票，纸币;音符/调；vt.记下，记录；注/

31、留意【拓展】(1)make/take a note/notes (of .)记下,t己录 (3) noted a.著名的take note ofleave a note for pare notes (with sb.)2 2) note down 记下注意到给某人留个条子（与某人）交换意见be noted for因而闻名be noted as作为而著称（4）notable a .值得注意的notebook n.笔记本/簿；手册【例句】Read the text and make a note of any new information.读一读这篇文章并将任何新的内容都记录下来。

32、D Please make a note of what our teacher said in class and if you have any questions, compare notes afterwards.请把我们的老师在课堂上所讲的内容记下来，如果有什么问题，之后再交换意见。This lake is noted as a home to many birds.这个湖作为许多鸟类的栖息地而闻名遐迩。【易错点拨lake note of和take notes of意思不同，前者表示注意"，相当于take notice of;后者表示 记下,对做好笔记”。【串记】I bought a notebook to take notes of the dialogue when I compared notes with my colleague.我买了一个笔记本来记录当我和他对话时交流的意见。418. nothing /?n? 0 ?on.没有东西/事情；n.微不足道的人/事物【拓展】be nothing to对来说无足轻重for nothing免费，徒劳，无用地have nothing to do with 与无关make nothing of轻视，无动于衷，未利用nothing but只不过而已nothing like没有什么